The magnetic interaction effect. I. Interaction of two frequencies

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (17) ◽  
pp. 1915-1923 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shoenberg
Keyword(s):  
Fermi Surface ◽  
Strong Interaction ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Magnetic Interaction ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Difference Frequency ◽  
Parallel Component ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Perpendicular Component ◽  
Combination Frequencies

The magnetic interaction of two periodic terms in the de Haas – van Alphen effect is examined for both weak and strong interaction [Formula: see text]. It is found that the amplitudes of the combination frequencies (and, in particular, the difference frequency) generated by interaction in the parallel component of M are always very weak, if the amplitude of one of the periodic terms is dominant and the frequency of the subsidiary term is close to an integral multiple of the dominant frequency. For the perpendicular component of M, however, in the limit of strong interaction, the amplitude of the difference frequency of two nearly equal frequencies can be relatively much stronger than for the parallel component, if the anisotropy of the Fermi surface is such that the two frequencies vary appreciably differently with orientation. These results are discussed in terms of their relevance to various experimental situations, in particular to the observation by Joseph and Thorsen (1965) of a strong difference frequency in the perpendicular component of M, arising from the nearly equal central and noncentral belly frequencies in silver.

The magnetic interaction effect. II. Experiments on silver

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (17) ◽  
pp. 1925-1934 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Shoenberg ◽  
I. M. Templeton
Keyword(s):  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Magnetic Interaction ◽  
Difference Frequency ◽  
Modulation Method ◽  
Equal Frequency ◽  
Parallel Component ◽  
Ellipsoidal Shape ◽  
Perpendicular Component ◽  
The Ideal

The de Haas – van Alphen effect in silver has been studied by the modulation method for the field along directions close to [Formula: see text], for which there is a dominant central belly oscillation and a weak noncentral one of nearly equal frequency. The use of pickup coils parallel and perpendicular to the field enabled both the parallel and perpendicular components of dM/dH to be observed. The prediction of Part I that strong magnetic interaction should generate a relatively much stronger difference frequency for the perpendicular than for the parallel component was semiquantitatively verified, although the parallel component of this difference frequency appeared rather more strongly than predicted. This and other discrepancies with the theory, such as the observation of rather too strong beats between the two frequencies in the parallel component, probably occur because of departures from the ideal conditions assumed in the theory (ellipsoidal shape and perfect homogeneity). The results are briefly compared with those of Joseph and Thorsen (1965), who studied the perpendicular component of M by the torque method.

scholarly journals Spin-ice physics in cadmium cyanide

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe S. Coates ◽  
Mia Baise ◽  
Adrian Schmutzler ◽  
Arkadiy Simonov ◽  
Joshua W. Makepeace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Interaction Strength ◽  
Magnetic Interaction ◽  
Energy Scale ◽  
Spin Ice ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Geometric Frustration ◽  
Cadmium Cyanide ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Increased Strength

AbstractSpin-ices are frustrated magnets that support a particularly rich variety of emergent physics. Typically, it is the interplay of magnetic dipole interactions, spin anisotropy, and geometric frustration on the pyrochlore lattice that drives spin-ice formation. The relevant physics occurs at temperatures commensurate with the magnetic interaction strength, which for most systems is 1–5 K. Here, we show that non-magnetic cadmium cyanide, Cd(CN)2, exhibits analogous behaviour to magnetic spin-ices, but does so on a temperature scale that is nearly two orders of magnitude greater. The electric dipole moments of cyanide ions in Cd(CN)2 assume the role of magnetic pseudospins, with the difference in energy scale reflecting the increased strength of electric vs magnetic dipolar interactions. As a result, spin-ice physics influences the structural behaviour of Cd(CN)2 even at room temperature.

Tunable Far-Infrared Radiation Generated from the Difference Frequency between Two Ruby Lasers

1969 ◽  
Vol 180 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Faries ◽  
K. A. Gehring ◽  
P. L. Richards ◽  
Y. R. Shen
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Difference Frequency ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Far Infrared Radiation

Ion acoustic solitary waves in magnetized anisotropic nonextensive plasmas

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Khalid ◽  
Mohsin Khan ◽  
Ata ur-Rahman ◽  
Muhammad Irshad
Keyword(s):  
Solitary Waves ◽  
Type Equation ◽  
Reductive Perturbation Method ◽  
Nonlinear Propagation ◽  
Astrophysical Plasma ◽  
Parallel Component ◽  
Pressure Anisotropy ◽  
Ion Acoustic ◽  
Tsallis Distribution ◽  
Perpendicular Component

Abstract The nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic (IA) electrostatic solitary waves (SWs) is studied in a magnetized electron–ion (e–i) plasma in the presence of pressure anisotropy with electrons following Tsallis distribution. The Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) type equation is derived by employing the reductive perturbation method (RPM) and its solitary wave (SW) solution is determined and analyzed. The effect of nonextensive parameter q, parallel component of anisotropic ion pressure p 1, perpendicular component of anisotropic ion pressure p 2, obliqueness angle θ, and magnetic field strength Ω on the characteristics of SW structures is investigated. The present investigation could be useful in space and astrophysical plasma systems.

DIFFERENCE FREQUENCY HARMONIC ION HEATING

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1771-1781 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. James ◽  
W. B. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Collision Frequency ◽  
Difference Frequency ◽  
Fourth Power ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Ion Heating ◽  
Frequency Signal ◽  
Transverse Waves ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Frequency Harmonic

The heating of a magnetized hot diffuse plasma using the difference frequency signal generated from two high-frequency (35 GHz) transverse waves is examined. The plasma is described by the cold plasma model and a series expansion of harmonics is used to obtain a solution to the equations. It is shown that the energy absorbed by the ions can be made inversely proportional to the collision frequency and the fourth power of the driven frequency and proportional to the fourth power of the driven electric field intensity. An investigation of the sensitivity of the heating process to fluctuations in frequency, density, and d-c. magnetic field is carried out.

A prediction model for amplitude-frequency characteristics of blast-induced seismic waves

Geophysics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. T159-T173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenglong Yu ◽  
Zhongqi Wang ◽  
Wengong Han
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Model ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Seismic Waves ◽  
Initial Pressure ◽  
Dominant Frequency ◽  
Frequency Characteristics ◽  
Adiabatic Exponent ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Explosive Properties

We have developed a prediction model for dominant frequency and amplitude of blast-induced seismic waves. A blast expansion cavity is used to establish a relationship between the explosive properties and amplitude frequency of blast-induced seismic waves. In this model, the dominant frequency and amplitude of blast-induced seismic waves are mainly influenced by the initial pressure and the adiabatic exponent of explosives in the same medium. The dominant frequency increases with the decreasing initial pressure or the increasing adiabatic exponent. This prediction model is compared with the experiments. The difference in the blast cavity between the prediction model and the field experiment is in the range of 5%–9%, and the difference in the dominant frequency is within 18.8%–46.0%. The comparison indicates that the model can reasonably predict the frequency and amplitude of blast-induced seismic waves.

ADSORPTION SITE CHANGE FOR Cs, Rb OR K ADSORPTION ON Ag(111)

1997 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 1215-1219 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. KAUKASOINA ◽  
M. LINDROOS ◽  
G. S. LEATHERMAN ◽  
R. D. DIEHL
Keyword(s):  
Text Structure ◽  
Vibrational Amplitude ◽  
Low Energy Electron Diffraction ◽  
Hollow Structures ◽  
Parallel Component ◽  
Text Structures ◽  
Dependent Change ◽  
Low Energy Electron ◽  
Perpendicular Component ◽  
Chemisorption Bond

The adsorption geometries for the primitive (3×3), (2×2) and ([Formula: see text] structures of K, Rb and Cs on Ag(111) have been determined using low-energy electron diffraction. In the lower-coverage (3×3) and (2×2) structures, the adatoms occupy fcc hollow sites, while in the [Formula: see text]; structure they occupy the hcp hollow sites. The fcc hollow structures are accompanied by significant substrate rumpling. There is no significant coverage-dependent or site-dependent change in chemisorption bond length. However, there is a large coverage-dependent anisotropy of vibrational amplitude of the adatoms, with the parallel component as much as five times larger than the perpendicular component at low coverages.

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