Passive earth-pressure coefficients by upper-bound numerical limit analysis
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A three-dimensional (3D) numerical implementation of the limit analysis upper-bound theorem is used to determine passive horizontal earth-pressure coefficients. An extension technique allowing determination of the 3D passive earth pressures for any width-to-height ratios greater than 7 is presented. The horizontal passive earth-pressure coefficients are presented and compared with solutions published previously. Results of the ratio between the 3D and two-dimensional horizontal passive earth-pressure coefficients are shown and found to be almost independent of the soil-to-wall friction ratio. A simple equation is proposed for calculating this passive earth-pressure ratio.
2016 ◽
Vol 79
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pp. 96-104
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1985 ◽
Vol 107
(3)
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pp. 247-253
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2013 ◽
Vol 353-356
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pp. 895-900
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2010 ◽
Vol 4
(3)
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pp. 319-324
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2001 ◽
Vol 38
(3)
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pp. 379-397
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1993 ◽
Vol 30
(4)
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pp. A257-A258
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