Crystal structure of tetraammonium diphosphate, (NH4)4P2O7 at 22 °C

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (13) ◽  
pp. 2025-2028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nora Middlemiss ◽  
Crispin Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Fold Axis ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Monoclinic System ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
R Value ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

Crystals of tetraammonium diphosphate, (NH4)4P2O7, crystallize in the monoclinic system with space group C2/c, Z = 4 and lattice parameters a = 11.758(3), b = 6.486(2), c = 13.659(2) Å and β = 104.81(1)°. The structure was refined using full-matrix least-squares methods with 810 reflections to an R value of 0.092. The diphosphate anion contains a crystallographic two-fold axis, and has a configuration intermediate between staggered and eclipsed. The bridging P—O bond length is 1.624(2) Å and the terminal P—O bonds average 1.507 Å. The diphosphate groups lie in sheets defined by [Formula: see text] and are bridged by NH4+ groups which hydrogen bond to only the terminal oxygen atoms. Each hydrogen is bonded to one oxygen atom but each of the terminal oxygen atoms interacts with either two or three hydrogen atoms.

Crystal Structure of α-Zn2V2O7

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 1004-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanathan Gopal ◽  
Crispin Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Fold Axis ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
R Value ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Zn Ions ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

α-Zn2V2O7 is monoclinic with lattice parameters a = 7.429(5), b = 8.340(3), c = 10.098(3) Å, β = 111.37(5)°, Z = 4 and space group C2/c. The structure was refined using a full matrix least-squares with 1034 reflections measured with a quarter-circle General Electric automatic X-ray diffractometer to a final R value of 0.066. The anion consists of a pair of VO4 tetrahedra sharing an oxygen atom which lies on a two-fold axis. The bridging V—O bond length is 1.775(4) Å while the three independent terminal ones are 1.728(4), 1.704(7), and 1.658(8) Å long. These bond lengths are consistent with the charge character around the individual oxygen atoms. The Zn ions are coordinated to five oxygen atoms with Zn—O bonds ranging from 1.973 to 2.088°Å. The structure is similar to that of α-CU2P2O7 and transforms to the thortvietite structure at about 615 °C.

Crystal Structure of α-VPO5

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (16) ◽  
pp. 2621-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron Jordan ◽  
Crispin Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Fold Axis ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
R Value ◽  
A Site ◽  
Vanadium Ion

α-VPO5 crystallizes in the tetragonal space group P4/n with a = 6.014(7) and c = 4.434(2) Å. The structure, isotypic with that of α-VSO5, was refined by full-matrix least-squares method to an R value of 0.089 using 239 independent reflections. The vanadium ion lies on a crystallographic four-fold axis, as does one of the oxygen atoms, and the P on a site of [Formula: see text] symmetry. A second oxygen atom, as a result of disorder, occurs in two positions which are mirror reflected with respect to the ac plane. The structure consists of highly distorted VO6 groups with bond lengths along the c axis of 1.580(11) and 2.853(11) Å while the remaining four V—O bond lengths are all 1.858(8) Å. The P—O bond lengths in the PO4. tetrahedron are 1.541(8) Å with the PO4 groups bridging across four chains of VO6 groups.

The Crystal Structure of KAlP2O7

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (16) ◽  
pp. 2613-2620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hok Nam Ng ◽  
Crispin Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Bond Lengths ◽  
The Mean ◽  
R Value ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

KAlP2O7 crystallizes as monoclinic crystals with a = 7.308(8), b = 9.662(6), c = 8.025(4) Å, β = 106.69(7)°, z = 4 and space group P21/c. The structure was refined from 1394 observed reflections by full-matrix least-squares method to a final R value of 0.032. The P2O74− anion consists of a pair of corner-sharing PO4 groups in a nearly staggered configuration. The mean bridging and terminal P—O bond lengths are 1.607 and 1.509 Å, respectively, and the P—O—P angle is 123.2°. The anions lie in planes parallel to (001). The Al ions are bonded to six oxygen atoms contributed by anions in three layers of P2O7 groups. The average Al—O bond length is 1.889 Å. The potassium ion is coordinated to ten oxygen atoms lying within a spherical shell with inner and outer radii of 2.739 and 3.185 Å.

Refinement of the structure of Mg2As2O7

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 890-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Calvo ◽  
K. Neelakantan
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
Central Oxygen ◽  
R Value ◽  
Unit Cell Dimensions

The crystal structure of Mg2As2O7 has been refined by full matrix least squares procedures using 587 observed reflections. The structure of Mg2As2O7 is of the thortveitite type, as reported by Łukaszewicz, with space group C2/m and unit cell dimensions a = 6.567(2) Å, b = 8.524(4) Å, c = 4.739(1) Å, β = 103.8(1)°, and Z = 2. The As—O—As group in the anion appears to be linear but the central oxygen atom undergoes considerable disorder in the plane perpendicular to this group. The AsO bond distances uncorrected for thermal motion are 1.67 Å for the As—O(—As) bond and 1.66 and 1.65 Å for the terminal As—O bonds. The final R value obtained is 0.088.

The preparation and crystal structure of η2-nitrato(η4-hexadecamethylcyclooctaphosphazene (N1,N2,N4,N5))cobalt(II) nitrate

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (16) ◽  
pp. 2435-2440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith D. Gallicano ◽  
Norman L. Paddock ◽  
Steven J. Rettig ◽  
James Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Cobalt Atom ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Nitrate Anion ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Nitrate Ion ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Local Conformation

Hexadecamethylcyclooctaphosphazene N8P8Me16, 1, forms a 1:1 complex, 2, with cobalt(II) nitrate. Crystals of 2 are triclinic, a = 10.891(2), b = 11.201(2), c = 14.944(2) Å, α = 93.21(1), β = 95.66(1), γ = 104.69(1)°, Z = 2, space group [Formula: see text]. The crystal structure was solved by direct methods and was refined by full-matrix least-squares procedures to R = 0.037 and Rw = 0.047 for 5165 reflections with I ≥ 3σ(I). All the hydrogen atoms were found. The structure consists of a cation [N8P8Me16CoNO3]+ and a free nitrate anion. The cobalt atom is coordinated by an unsymmetrical bidentate nitrate ion and by four nitrogen atoms of the phosphazene ring. The metal is attached near one end of the ring, forming six-, ten-, and two four-membered chelate rings, and induces bond length variations which are independent of local conformation and which arise from the localization of bonding electrons.

Crystal Structure of Lead meta Vanadate, PbV2O6

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (15) ◽  
pp. 2701-2704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byron D. Jordan ◽  
Crispin Calvo
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Distorted Octahedra ◽  
R Value ◽  
Vanadium Ions ◽  
Automatic Diffractometer ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

PbV2O6 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with a = 9.771(10), b = 3.684(4), c = 12.713(13) Å, and Z = 4. The structure was determined using 816 reflections measured with an automatic diffractometer and refined by full-matrix least squares to an R value of 0.052. The two unique vanadium ions lie on mirror planes and are each coordinated to five oxygen atoms lying between 1.61 and 2.06 Å. The distorted octahedra are completed by a sixth V–O interaction which is 2.73 Å for V(1) and is 2.57 Å for V(2). The lead ion is coordinated to nine oxygen atoms lying in a spherical shell with inner and outer radii of 2.56 and 2.90 Å. The structure consists of chains of VO6 octahedra paralleling the b axis.

Crystal Structure of Synthetic Mg-Whitlockite, Ca18Mg2H2(PO4)14

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1155-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramanathan Gopal ◽  
Crispin Calvo ◽  
Jun Ito ◽  
W. K. Sabine
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Formula Unit ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
R Value ◽  
Unit Density ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Automatic Diffractometer

Crystals of synthetic Mg-whitlockite, Ca18Mg2H2(PO4)14, have been grown by hydrothermal techniques and their structure refined by full-matrix least-squares methods, using 1626 unique reflections measured with a Syntex [Formula: see text] automatic diffractometer, to a final R value of 0.046. The crystals have space group R3c with ZR = 1, a = 13.765(8) Å and α = 44.25(5)° with the equivalent hexagonal parameters a = 10.350(5), c = 37.085(12) Å and ZH = 3. The structure, although similar to that of βCa3(PO4)2, differs significantly. The structure contains interconnected infinite chains of polyhedra paralleling the hexagonal c axis with links in the chains consisting of three CaO8 polyhedra separated by two PO4 tetrahedra. Six of these chains surround a chain of MgO6 octahedra and PO4H groups which lie on the three-fold axes. These chains however contain only half the formula unit density of the calcium containing ones and a proton, presumably disordered, is attached to the oxygen atom on the triad axes.

An X-Ray Study of the Synthetic Intermediate 9-Cyano-1,10-Dimethyl-6-Ethylenedioxy-1-Octalin

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry Lynton ◽  
Pik-Yuen Siew
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Direct Methods ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ring Junction ◽  
Cell Dimensions ◽  
R Value ◽  
Synthetic Intermediate

The crystal structure of the synthetic intermediate, 9-cyano-1,10-dimethyl-6-ethy]enedioxy-1-octalin, C15H21O2N, was solved by direct methods. The compound crystallizes in the space group p21/c with cell dimensions a = 12.282(4), b = 7.144(3), c = 15.619(5) Å, β = 104.04(1)°. Refinement was carried out isotropically for hydrogen and anisotropically for non-hydrogen atoms using full matrix least squares to an R-value of 0.043 for 1669 observed reflections.This compound, which has a cis configuration at the octalin ring junction, is a precursor to a moiety of the alkaloid thelepogine. The cis conformation is essential for total synthesis of thelopogine by this route.

Crystal structure of N,N′-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinethione, a by-product from the reaction of Na2(CH2N(CH3)CS2)2 and HgCl2

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung Chieh ◽  
Sing Kwen Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Aqueous Ethanol Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Full Matrix ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Automatic Diffractometer

The reaction between mercury (II) chloride and N,N′-dimethylethylenebisdithiocarbamate gave a white precipitate. In an attempted recrystallization from an aqueous–ethanol solution, a cyclic thiourea-type compound, N,N′-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinethione, was obtained. The crystals of this compound are monoclinic, a = 10.388(2), b = 6.139(1), c = 12.291(4) Å, β = 118.64(2), and space group P21/c. The non-hydrogen atoms of the molecule are planar and the C=S bond length is 1.673(4) Å. The structure was refined by full-matrix least-squares from 642 independent reflections measured on an automatic diffractometer to R and Rw of 0.053 and 0.068, respectively.

scholarly journals Neutron Diffraction Investigation on the Symmetrical Hydrogen Bond in K3H(SO4)2

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (a1) ◽  
pp. C1114-C1114
Author(s):  
In-Hwan Oh ◽  
Yoo-Jung Sohn ◽  
Martin Meven ◽  
Gernot Heger
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Neutron Diffraction ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Bond Length ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Monoclinic Space Group ◽  
Intermediate Form ◽  
Hydrogen Atoms ◽  
Oxygen Atoms

In this work, we present a structure investigation on K3H(SO4)2 by single crystal neutron diffraction. Letovicite with a chemical composition (NH4)3H(SO4)2 belongs to a large family of M3(H,D)(XO4)2 compounds, where M = K+, Rb+, (NH4)+, Cs+, Tl+ and X = Se6+ and S6+. This compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group A2/a with a = 9.789(7) Å, b = 5.6815(9) Å, c = 14.703(2) Å and β = 103.03(4)0at 300K. At 2.3K, the lattice parameters are a = 9.687(20) Å, b = 5.648(13) Å, c = 14.613(9) Å and β = 103.23(14)0. Data at 2.3K were measured up to (sinθ/λ) = 0.807Å-1 with the single crystal neutron diffractormeter HEiDi at the FRM-II, Germany. H/D shows a dynamic disorder at high temperature, which can be related to very high proton conductivity. In letovicite, two types of disorder related with hydrogen atoms are reported [1]. Although letovicite shows various phase transitions owing to the proton ordering at low temperature, K3H(SO4)2, without the possibility of an orientational disorder of NH4+, undergoes no phase transition at low temperature. At room temperature, the title compound is isostructural to lectovicite, and has an inversion center in the middle of the SO4-H-SO4 dimer. The bond length, 2.483(3) Å, and bond angle, 1800, support the hypothesis that the disordered proton shows a double-well potential, if the distance between the oxygen atoms of the hydrogen bond Ro-o are longer than a critical bond length rc(2.47 Å for protons and 2.40 Å for deuterons) [2]. However, it is not easy to determine if the hydrogen bond is a low-barrier hydrogen bond (LBHB) or centered hydrogen bond (centered HB). Based on an analysis of the anisotropic parameters, the bond lengths and elongation of the hydrogen atom toward the two oxygen atoms by neutron single crystal diffraction experiments at 300K and 2.3K, it seems that the hydrogen bond in the title compound can be classified as a centered hydrogen bond or intermediate form between a cigar-like shape and the disk-like shape [3].

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