Erratum: Crown fire behaviour in a northern jack pine - black spruce forest

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 2063
Author(s):  
B J Stocks ◽  
M E Alexander ◽  
B M Wotton ◽  
C N Stefner ◽  
M D Flannigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fire Behaviour

Erratum: Crown fire behaviour in a northern jack pine – black spruce forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-215
Author(s):  
B. J. Stocks ◽  
M. E. Alexander ◽  
B. M. Wotton ◽  
C. N. Stefner ◽  
M. D. Flannigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fire Behaviour

Effects of harvesting intensity, vegetation control and fertilization on 5–20 year post-harvest N availability in boreal jack pine and black spruce forest soils in northern Ontario, Canada

2021 ◽  
Vol 497 ◽  
pp. 119483
Author(s):  
Paul W. Hazlett ◽  
Caroline E. Emilson ◽  
Dave M. Morris ◽  
Robert L. Fleming ◽  
Laura A. Hawdon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soils ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
N Availability ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Vegetation Control ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Harvesting Intensity

Crown fire behaviour in a northern jack pine – black spruce forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1548-1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
B J Stocks ◽  
M E Alexander ◽  
B M Wotton ◽  
C N Stefner ◽  
M D Flannigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
Fire Modelling ◽  
Crown Fires ◽  
Floor Layer ◽  
Prediction Systems ◽  
High Degree

This paper reports on the behaviour of 10 experimental crown fires conducted between 1997 and 2000 during the International Crown Fire Modelling Experiment (ICFME) in Canada's Northwest Territories. The primary goal of ICFME was a replicated series of high-intensity crown fires designed to validate and improve existing theoretical and empirical models of crown fire behaviour. Fire behaviour characteristics were typical for fully developed boreal forest crown fires, with fires advancing at 15–70 m/min, consuming significant quantities of fuel (2.8–5.5 kg/m2) and releasing vast amounts of thermal heat energy. The resulting flame fronts commonly extended 25–40 m above the ground with head fire intensities up to 90 000 kW/m. Depth of burn ranged from 1.4–3.6 cm, representing a 25%–65% reduction in the thickness of the forest floor layer. Most of the smaller diameter (<3.0 cm) woody surface fuels were consumed, along with a significant proportion of the larger downed woody material. A high degree of fuel consumption occurred in the understory and overstory canopy with very little material less than 1.0 cm in diameter remaining. The documentation of fire behaviour, fire danger, and fire weather conditions carried out during ICFME permitted the evaluation of several empirically based North American fire behaviour prediction systems and models.

Variation in wind and crown fire behaviour in a northern jack pine – black spruce forest

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (8) ◽  
pp. 1561-1576 ◽  
Author(s):  
S W Taylor ◽  
B M Wotton ◽  
M E Alexander ◽  
G N Dalrymple
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Flame Temperature ◽  
Fire Spread ◽  
Crown Fire ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
Canopy Layer ◽  
Crown Fires ◽  
Video Observations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fire Front

Fire spread and flame temperature were examined in a series of nine experimental crown fires conducted in the Northwest Territories, Canada. Average rates of spread were 17.8–66.8 m·min–1 (0.3–1.1 m·s–1) over burning periods from about 1.5–10 min across 75 m × 75 m to 150 m × 150 m plots. Detailed maps of fire front progression revealed areas with higher rates of spread in the order of tens of metres in horizontal dimension and tens of seconds in duration in several of the fires, which is consistent with the influence of coherent wind gusts. Comparison of open and in-stand wind speed before and after burning suggests that defoliation in the canopy layer during burning would result in the flaming zone having greater exposure to the ambient wind. Estimates of flame front residence from video observations at the surface averaged 34 s; estimates from temperature measurements decreased significantly with height from 74 s at the surface to 31 s below the canopy.

scholarly journals Fire and vegetation dynamics in a jack pine and black spruce forest reconstructed using fossil pollen and charcoal

1998 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.P.S. Larsen ◽  
G.M. Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Dynamics ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Fossil Pollen ◽  
Spruce Forest

scholarly journals Stand-Level Fuel Reduction Treatments and Fire Behaviour in Canadian Boreal Conifer Forests

Fire ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 35
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Beverly ◽  
Sonja E. R. Leverkus ◽  
Hilary Cameron ◽  
Dave Schroeder
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Fuel Reduction ◽  
Fire Behaviour ◽  
Fuel Treatments ◽  
Fuel Treatment ◽  
Fuel Loads

Stand-level fuel reduction treatments in the Canadian boreal zone are used predominantly in community protection settings to alter the natural structure of dominant boreal conifer stands such as black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia). The aim of these fuel treatments is to inhibit the development of fast-spreading, high-intensity crown fires that naturally occur in boreal forest ecosystems. We document fuel treatment design standards used in boreal forests in Canada and review data requirements and methodological approaches for investigating fuel treatment effects on fire behaviour. Through a series of illustrative examples and summaries of empirical observations, we explore the implications of data and modelling assumptions used to estimate fire behaviour in fuel-treated areas and identify insights about fuel treatment effectiveness in boreal conifer stands. Fuel treatments in black spruce, jack pine and lodgepole pine stands were generally effective at reducing modelled and observed fire behaviour and inhibiting crown fire development and spread under low to moderate fire weather conditions. Evidence suggests that fuel treatments in these fuel types will be ineffective when rates of spread and wind speeds are very high or extreme. High surface fuel loads combined with the relatively short stature of boreal conifer trees can further undermine fuel treatment efforts. Priority areas for future study include examining alternatives for managing surface fuel loads in treated stands, exploring the viability of alternative horizontal fuel reduction protocols such as clumped fuel configurations, and integrating suppression and containment strategies within the fuel treatment planning and design process.

Greenhouse gas fluxes from boreal forest soils during the snow-free period in Quebec, Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 666-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami Ullah ◽  
Rebeccah Frasier ◽  
Luc Pelletier ◽  
Tim R. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Forest Soil ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Wetland Soil ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Soil N Mineralization ◽  
Aspen Forest

This paper presents soil fluxes of methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), and carbon dioxide (CO2) from 12 sites located in four major forest types, black spruce ( Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine ( Pinus banksiana Lamb.), aspen ( Populus spp.), and alder ( Alnus spp.) stands, in the Eastmain and Chibougamau regions of Quebec. Fluxes were determined with closed chambers during the snow-free period from May to October 2007. Well-drained black spruce, jack pine, and aspen forest soils were net sinks of atmospheric CH4 (–0.33 ± 0.11 mg·m–2·day–1), while alder-dominated wetland soils were sources of CH4 (0.45 ± 0.12 mg·m–2·day–1). The cut-over alder wetland soil produced 131 times more CH4 than the undisturbed wetland soil. Soil moisture and temperature mainly regulated CH4 fluxes. N2O fluxes from these forest soils were highly variable and smaller (1.6 ± 0.33 µg N·m–2·h–1) than those from deciduous forest soils. N2O emission from the cut-over black spruce forest soil was 2.7 times greater than that from the mature black spruce forest soil. Large C/N ratios (27 to 78) and slow soil N mineralization and nitrification rates in these forest soils may have led to small N2O fluxes. CO2 emissions from these forest soils, ranging from 0.20 to 2.7 g·m–2·day–1, were mainly controlled by soil temperature.

Phase initiale de régénération après feu des populations conifériennes subarctiques

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Duchesne ◽  
Luc Sirois
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Pine Forest ◽  
Spruce Forest ◽  
Pine Regeneration ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Seedling Germination

The objective of this study was to investigate the first stage of post-fire regeneration of black spruce and jack pine in a black spruce woodland and a jack pine forest burned over in 1989 in the Radisson's region, in northern Quebec. Emphasis was given to determine the optimal microsites for black spruce and jack pine regeneration. Our results show that the burned over jack pine forest offers better substrates for seedling germination than the burned over black spruce one. A total of 139 seedlings were observed in the jack pine forest, whereas only 42 were recorded in the black spruce forest. In the jack pine forest, burned over humus was the preferred substrate for germination. Soil moisture content correlated with seed germination of both species. Soil temperatures at −5 cm and the soil surface influenced survival of black spruce seedlings in the jack pine forest

scholarly journals Allometric Equations for Estimating Biomass and Carbon Stocks in Afforested Open Woodlands with Black Spruce and Jack Pine, in the Eastern Canadian Boreal Forest

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Olivier Fradette ◽  
Charles Marty ◽  
Pascal Tremblay ◽  
Daniel Lord ◽  
Jean-François Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Allometric Equations ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Canadian Boreal Forest

Allometric equations use easily measurable biometric variables to determine the aboveground and belowground biomasses of trees. Equations produced for estimating the biomass within Canadian forests at a large scale have not yet been validated for eastern Canadian boreal open woodlands (OWs), where trees experience particular environmental conditions. In this study, we harvested 167 trees from seven boreal OWs in Quebec, Canada for biomass and allometric measurements. These data show that Canadian national equations accurately predict the whole aboveground biomass for both black spruce and jack pine trees, but underestimated branches biomass, possibly owing to a particular tree morphology in OWs relative to closed-canopy stands. We therefore developed ad hoc allometric equations based on three power models including diameter at breast height (DBH) alone or in combination with tree height (H) as allometric variables. Our results show that although the inclusion of H in the model yields better fits for most tree compartments in both species, the difference is minor and does not markedly affect biomass C stocks at the stand level. Using these newly developed equations, we found that carbon stocks in afforested OWs varied markedly among sites owing to differences in tree growth and species. Nine years after afforestation, jack pine plantations had accumulated about five times more carbon than black spruce plantations (0.14 vs. 0.80 t C·ha−1), highlighting the much larger potential of jack pine for OW afforestation projects in this environment.

Low-site class black spruce and jack pine nutrient removals after full-tree and tree-length logging

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1030-1036 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. F. Weetman ◽  
D. Algar
Keyword(s):  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Coarse Sand ◽  
Nutrient Inputs ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Mg Deficiency ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Tree Length ◽  
Potentially Mineralizable N ◽  
Range Of Values

An old, merchantable, low-site class black spruce (Piceamariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) stand growing on a Lithic Humo-Ferric Podzol overlying a granite bedrock, and a younger but merchantable low-site class jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) stand growing on a Ferro-Humic Podzol overlying a deep coarse sand near Baie Comeau, P.Q., were analysed for stand biomass and macronutrient contents of both stand and soil. The magnitude of the depletions of macronutrients from the site, in full-tree and tree-length methods of logging, are compared with their available and total quantities in the soil. The range of values from the literature for nutrient inputs are presented and discussed in relation to logging losses. The results suggest that full-tree logging in the dry jack pine stand could cause a severe loss of potentially mineralizable N supply; P, K, and Mg deficiency problems owing to export are not apparent, but a Ca balance problem is apparent. The implication is that full-tree logging should be avoided on such sites.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document