Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion alters inducible NOS expression within the ventrolateral medulla and modulates cardiovascular function during static exercise

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 639-646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmmed Ally ◽  
Timothy J. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cardiovascular Function ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Inos Expression ◽  
Ventrolateral Medulla ◽  
Static Exercise ◽  
Inos Protein ◽  
The Right ◽  
Inducible Nos

A major cause of stroke is cerebral ischemia in regions supplied by the middle cerebral artery (MCA). In this study, we hypothesized that compromised cardiovascular function during static exercise may involve altered expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) protein within the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) and caudal ventrolateral medulla (CVLM). We compared cardiovascular responses and iNOS protein expression within the left and right sides of both RVLM and CVLM in sham-operated rats and in rats with a 90 min left-sided MCA occlusion (MCAO) followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Increases in blood pressure during a static muscle contraction were attenuated in MCAO rats compared with sham-operated rats. Also, iNOS expression within the left RVLM was augmented compared with the right RVLM in MCAO rats and compared with both RVLM quadrants in sham-operated rats. In contrast, compared with sham-operated rats and the right CVLM of MCAO rats, iNOS expression was attenuated in the left CVLM in left-sided MCAO rats. These data suggest that the attenuation of pressor responses during static exercise in MCAO rats involves overexpression of iNOS within the ipsilateral RVLM and attenuation in iNOS within the ipsilateral CVLM. Differential expression of iNOS within the medulla plays a role in mediating cardiovascular responses during static exercise following stroke.

Republished: Successful treatment of ruptured multiple fusiform middle cerebral artery aneurysms with silk vista baby flow diverter in a 10-months-old infant

2021 ◽  
pp. neurintsurg-2021-017554.rep
Author(s):  
Giovanni Barchetti ◽  
Loris Di Clemente ◽  
Mauro Mazzetto ◽  
Mariano Zanusso ◽  
Paola Ferrarese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Flow Diverter ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Parent Artery ◽  
Microsurgical Clipping ◽  
Parent Artery Occlusion ◽  
The Right

We report the successful treatment of multiple ruptured fusiform middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms in a 10-month-old girl. This previously healthy infant presented with subarachnoid haemorrhage and was found to have multiple irregular dilatations of the superior division branch of the right MCA. Cerebral angiography was performed and confirmed the presence of multiple fusiform aneurysms of the MCA. After multidisciplinary team discussion, it was decided to treat the aneurysms with endovascular approach, using a flow-diverter. Microsurgical clipping was deemed risky because of the high likelihood of parent artery occlusion and expectant management was also considered inappropriate because of the risk of re-bleeding. Dual antiplatelet therapy was started, and a flow-diverter was successfully delivered in the superior division branch of the right MCA. The post-operative course was uneventful, MRI at 12 months did not show any sign of recurrence and at 3 years of age the patient had a normal neurological examination.

scholarly journals Ischemic Cardiomyopathy and Cerebral Infarction in a Young Patient Associated with Khat Chewing

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Meulman ◽  
J. Bakker ◽  
E. J. van den Bos
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Infarction ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Coronary Spasm ◽  
Systemic Hypertension ◽  
Vascular Territory ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Enhanced Ct ◽  
Posterior Division ◽  
The Right

Khat is a stimulating agent used by many people in the Horn of Africa and the Arabian peninsula. Khat chewing is a known cardiovascular risk factor and is thought to cause vasoconstriction, systemic hypertension, and thrombogenicity. A 33-year-old Somalian man initially presented with loss of neurological function of the left arm, hazy vision, and headache. He smokes tobacco and chews two bundles of khat a week for more than 10 years. His ECG on admission showed a Q wave in V1 and V2 and 2 mm ST-elevations in V1, V2, and V3 and a terminal negative T wave in I, aVL, V2, V3, and V4, consistent with a recent, evolving anterior infarction. A noncontrast enhanced CT of the brain showed ischemia in the right middle cerebral artery vascular territory. An MRI showed recent ischemia in the vascular territory of the posterior division of the right middle cerebral artery. Coronary angiography showed a 70% stenosis with haziness of the proximal left anterior descending artery. Diagnostic tests and imaging are consistent with recent myocardial infarction in the LAD vascular territory because of coronary spasm and cerebral infarction in the middle cerebral artery vascular territory probably related to khat chewing.

scholarly journals Treatment of a Giant Aneurysm of the Right Middle Cerebral Artery with GDCs after Extracranial to Intracranial Bypass

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Castro ◽  
F. Fortea ◽  
F. Villoria ◽  
L. Muñoz ◽  
C Benito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Giant Aneurysm ◽  
Endovascular Procedure ◽  
Parent Vessel ◽  
Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Balloon Test Occlusion ◽  
Parent Vessel Occlusion ◽  
Detachable Coils ◽  
The Right

A case of a giant aneurysm of the right middle cerebral artery treated with Guglielmi detachable coils is reported. Extracranial to intracranial bypass had previously been performed and surgical trapping had been attempted. During the endovascular procedure, balloon test occlusion of the middle cerebral artery was performed in order to demonstrate clinical and angiographic tolerance to parent vessel occlusion. A previous occlusion test in the right common carotid artery did not show sufficient flow through the bypass to perform safe parent vessel occlusion. Diagnostic imaging, the endovascular procedure, and haemodynamic aspects in cases in which parent vessel occlusion is required after extracranial-intracranial bypass are described and the literature is reviewed.

Republished: A case of right middle cerebral artery ‘tendonectomy’ following mitral valve replacement surgery

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e35-e35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary C Thomas ◽  
Josser E Delgado Almandoz ◽  
Adam J Todd ◽  
Mark L Young ◽  
Jennifer L Fease ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitral Valve ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Valve Replacement ◽  
Mitral Valve Replacement ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Chordae Tendineae ◽  
Replacement Surgery ◽  
The Right ◽  
Valve Replacement Surgery

Following mechanical mitral valve replacement surgery, a 69-year-old woman had an ischemic stroke in the right middle cerebral artery territory. Mechanical thrombectomy showed the embolus to be a piece of chordae tendineae excised during the valve replacement surgery.

scholarly journals Excessive closure of the right eye: a new sign of infarction in the territory of the ipsilateral right middle cerebral artery.

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 894-896 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ohkawa ◽  
A Yamadori ◽  
K Maeda ◽  
M Tabuchi ◽  
Y Ohsumi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
The Right

Effect of One Week Treatment with Ginkgo biloba Extract (EGb761) on Ischemia-Induced Infarct Volume in Gerbils

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 533-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Ying Chung ◽  
Ming-Fu Wang ◽  
Jing-Ying Lin ◽  
Ming-Cheng Lin ◽  
Hui-Ming Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Middle Cerebral Artery ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Focal Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tetrazolium Chloride ◽  
The Right

The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (EGb761) in male gerbils subjected to focal cerebral ischemia produced by permanent occlusion of the right middle cerebral artery. In this study, gerbils were fed standard chow with or without EGb761 (100 mg/kg/day, i.g.) prior to cerebral ischemia for 1 week. Gerbils were anesthetized and craniectomized to expose the right middle cerebral artery (MCA). The right MCA was constricted with an 8-0 suture to produce a permanent ligation. Infarct volume was assessed by TTC (2,3,5-triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride) staining 24 hours after initiation of cerebral ischemia. Results showed that the EGb761 group had significant reduction of infarct volume 4 and 6 mm from the frontal pole by 40% and 30%, respectively when compared to the control group ( p < 0.05). Mean locomotor activity of gerbils was reduced 24 hours after the occlusion of the MCA in both groups. However, there was no difference in locomotor activity between groups either 30 minutes before or 24 hours after the occlusion ( p < 0.05).

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