EXTENT OF ICE FORMATION IN FROZEN TISSUES, AND A NEW METHOD FOR ITS MEASUREMENT

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 391-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Salt
Keyword(s):  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Theoretical Background ◽  
Ice Formation ◽  
Dehydration Melting ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Insect Cold Hardiness

Use of the calorimetric and dilatometric methods for determination of ice in frozen tissues is criticized, and a method based on terminal melting points determined after various degrees of drying is proposed. The theoretical background of such a method lends support to it, and experimental work with gelatin is especially convincing. Use of the dehydration – melting point method on blood of Loxostege sticticalis gave results conforming in general to those obtained by other workers with calorimetric and dilatometric techniques, and also to those obtained with salt solutions. The amount of water that is bound is shown to be very low, as in mammalian, frog, and fish muscle. The possible influence of bound water in insect cold-hardiness is discussed and the conclusion is reached that it has little if any protective effect.

scholarly journals Determination of glucose in fish muscle and serum with an enzyme sensor.

1986 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuo Watanabe ◽  
Hideaki Endo ◽  
Yayoi Ikeda ◽  
Noriko Shibamoto ◽  
Kenzo Toyama
Keyword(s):  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Enzyme Sensor

Determination of Clay Bound Water in Shales from NMR Signals: The Fractal Theory

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kouqi Liu ◽  
Zhijun Jin ◽  
Lianbo Zeng ◽  
Yujie Yuan ◽  
Mehdi Ostadhassan
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Bound Water ◽  
Nmr Signals

scholarly journals Pressurized Liquid Extraction and Microwave-Assisted Extraction in the Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fish Muscle Samples

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes Barriada-Pereira ◽  
Iván Iglesias-García ◽  
María J Gonzlez-Castro ◽  
Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo ◽  
Purificación López-Maha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Fish Muscle ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Liquid Extraction ◽  
Pressurized Liquid Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Relative Standard

Abstract This paper describes a comparative study of 2 extraction methods, pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), for the determination of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fish muscle samples. In both cases, samples were extracted with hexaneacetone (50 + 50), and the extracts were purified by solid-phase extraction using a carbon cartridge as the adsorbent. Pesticides were eluted with hexaneethyl acetate (80 + 20) and determined by gas chromatography with electron-capture detection. Both methods demonstrated good linearity over the range studied (0.0050.100 g/mL). Detection limits ranged from 0.029 to 0.295 mg/kg for PLE and from 0.003 to 0.054 mg/kg for MAE. For most of the pesticides, analytical recoveries with both methods were between 80 and 120, and the relative standard deviations were <10. The proposed methods were shown to be powerful techniques for the extraction of OCPs from fish muscle samples. Although good recovery rates were obtained with both extraction methods, MAE provided advantages with regard to sample handling, cost, analysis time, and solvent consumption. Acceptable validation parameters were obtained although MAE was shown to be more sensitive than PLE.

Apparatus for determination of zeta potentials from streaming potentials

1963 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1263-1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Beck ◽  
V. Mirkovitch ◽  
P. G. Andrus ◽  
R. I. Leininger
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Streaming Potential ◽  
Salt Solutions ◽  
Streaming Potentials ◽  
Zeta Potentials ◽  
Quartz Capillary ◽  
Flow Through

A system was developed to measure the streaming potential generated between the ends of a capillary by the flow of a fluid through the capillary. Zeta potential can be calculated from the streaming potential. Adequate sensitivity and reproducibility were achieved by making special electrodes: silver wires plated in KCl solution and embedded in agar, careful electrical shielding, and provision for reversal of flow through the capillary to minimize electrode errors. The apparatus was developed to measure streaming potentials generated by either RingerS's solution or blood in contact with capillaries made of different materials such as quartz, polyethylene, etc. An example of a determination using a quartz capillary is presented. interfaces; blood; salt solutions; glass; quartz Submitted on February 25, 1963

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