A CELLULOSE-HYDROLYZING FACTOR IN APHID SALIVA

Fifty-eight species of aphids from a wide range of host plants, one leafhopper species from Vitis sp., and a psyllid from Alnus rugosa have been examined for their salivary ability to hydrolyse carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) substrates. Most of these insects, when allowed to probe and secrete saliva into CMC-filled parafilm "sachets", reduced the CMC to glucose and sometimes to glucose and cellobiose. The presence of this cellulose-hydrolyzing factor varied among species, and within species according to morph, season, and host plant from which the insect culture had been derived. The behavior of the insects on the sachets resembled the characteristic "test probing" of aphids described by many authors. It is suggested that salivary components secreted during such test probes play a role in host plant selection and subsequent exploitation.

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The Role of Host Selection in the Ecology of Phytophagous Insects

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent85276-8 ◽

1953 ◽

Vol 85 (8) ◽

pp. 276-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. J. Thorsteinson

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Host Selection ◽

Host Plants ◽

Host Plant Selection ◽

Phytophagous Insects ◽

Phytophagous Insect ◽

Ecological Significance ◽

Plant Selection ◽

Suitable Host

It is a commonplace entomological observation that each phytophagous insect is restricted in its feeding to a small fraction only of the plant species that grow in any area. This phenomenon is generally referred to as “host selection”. The ecological significance of host plant selection among insects is manifest principally in an effect on the geographical distribution of insect species since phytophagous insects can occur only where suitable host plants are available.

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Herbivore host plant selection: whitefly learns to avoid host plants that harbour predators of her offspring

Oecologia ◽

10.1007/s00442-003-1289-1 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 136 (3) ◽

pp. 484-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Maria Nomikou ◽

Arne Janssen ◽

Maurice W. Sabelis

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Host Plants ◽

Host Plant Selection ◽

Plant Selection

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Whitefly Network Analysis Reveals Gene Modules Involved in Host Plant Selection, Development and Evolution

Frontiers in Physiology ◽

10.3389/fphys.2021.656649 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Jiahui Tian ◽

Haixia Zhan ◽

Youssef Dewer ◽

Biyun Zhang ◽

Cheng Qu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Network Analysis ◽

Host Plant ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Host Plant Selection ◽

Plant Leaves ◽

Plant Selection ◽

Plant Recognition ◽

Wide Range ◽

Gene Modules ◽

Development And Evolution

Whiteflies are Hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They cause severe damage by direct feeding as well as transmitting plant viruses to a wide range of plants. However, it remains largely unknown which genes play a key role in development and host selection. In this study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was applied to construct gene co-expression networks in whitefly. Nineteen gene co-expression modules were detected from 15560 expressed genes of whitefly. Combined with the transcriptome data of salivary glands and midgut, we identified three gene co-expression modules related to host plant selection. These three modules contain genes related to host-plant recognition, such as detoxification genes, chemosensory genes and some salivary gland-associated genes. Results of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses elucidated the following pathways involved in these modules: lysosome, metabolic and detoxification pathways. The modules related to the development contain two co-expression modules; moreover, the genes were annotated to the development of chitin-based cuticle. This analysis provides a basis for future functional analysis of genes involved in host-plant recognition.

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Does anti-parasitoid defense explain host-plant selection by a polyphagous caterpillar?

Oikos ◽

10.1034/j.1600-0706.2003.11720.x ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 100 (3) ◽

pp. 554-562 ◽

Cited By ~ 62

Author(s):

M. S. Singer ◽

J. O. Stireman III

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Host Plant Selection ◽

Plant Selection

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Root-associated entomopathogenic fungi manipulate host plants to attract herbivorous insects

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-80123-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Belén Cotes ◽

Gunda Thöming ◽

Carol V. Amaya-Gómez ◽

Ondřej Novák ◽

Christian Nansen

Keyword(s):

Host Plant ◽

Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽

Host Plants ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Delia Radicum ◽

Host Plant Selection ◽

Herbivorous Insects ◽

Herbivorous Insect ◽

Insect Performance ◽

Leaf Reflectance

AbstractRoot-associated entomopathogenic fungi (R-AEF) indirectly influence herbivorous insect performance. However, host plant-R-AEF interactions and R-AEF as biological control agents have been studied independently and without much attention to the potential synergy between these functional traits. In this study, we evaluated behavioral responses of cabbage root flies [Delia radicum L. (Diptera: Anthomyiidae)] to a host plant (white cabbage cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. alba cv. Castello L.) with and without the R-AEF Metarhizium brunneum (Petch). We performed experiments on leaf reflectance, phytohormonal composition and host plant location behavior (behavioral processes that contribute to locating and selecting an adequate host plant in the environment). Compared to control host plants, R-AEF inoculation caused, on one hand, a decrease in reflectance of host plant leaves in the near-infrared portion of the radiometric spectrum and, on the other, an increase in the production of jasmonic, (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine and salicylic acid in certain parts of the host plant. Under both greenhouse and field settings, landing and oviposition by cabbage root fly females were positively affected by R-AEF inoculation of host plants. The fungal-induced change in leaf reflectance may have altered visual cues used by the cabbage root flies in their host plant selection. This is the first study providing evidence for the hypothesis that R-AEF manipulate the suitability of their host plant to attract herbivorous insects.

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