Redescription of Oswaldocruzia pipiens Walton, 1929 (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) from amphibians of eastern North America

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Hyla Versicolor ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Distal Process ◽  
As Species ◽  
Species Inquirendae

Oswaldocruzia pipiens Walton, 1929 from the small intestine of Rana pipiens Shreber, R. sylvatica LeConte, R. clamitans melanota Latreille, Pseudacris triseriata triseriata Wied, Hyla versicolor LeConte, and Bufo americanus americanus Holbrook from southern Ontario is redescribed. O. collaris Walton, 1929 and O. euryceae Reiber, Byrd and Parker, 1940 are regarded as synonyms of O. pipiens. O. leidyi Travassos, 1917 is regarded as a nomen nudum and O. waltoni Ingles, 1936 and O. minuta Walton, 1941 as species inquirendae. O. pipiens most closely resembles O. goezei Skrjabin and Schulz, 1952. However, the terminal ends of the lateral distal processes of the spicules are divided into numerous small projections in O. goezei, whereas in O. pipiens each process divides into two incompletely separated projections. There is a slender, lateral spur on each lateral distal process in O. goezei, which are not present in O. pipiens.

The biology of Trypanosoma andersoni n. sp. and Trypanosoma grylli Nigrelli, 1944 (Kinetoplastida) from Hyla versicolor LeConte, 1825 (Anura)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian O. Reilly ◽  
P. T. K. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Rana Catesbeiana ◽  
Rana Sylvatica ◽  
Hyla Versicolor ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
Hyla Cinerea ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Osteopilus Septentrionalis ◽  
Centrifugation Technique ◽  
Acris Gryllus

From May 1979 to July 1980, the blood of 196 mature Hyla versicolor LeConte from six sites in southern Ontario and southeastern Manitoba was examined for trypanosomes using the haematocrit centrifugation technique. Trypanosoma andersoni n. sp. and Trypanosoma grylli Nigrelli were found in 5.2 and 5.6% of the frogs examined. Three frogs (1.5%) were infected with both species of trypanosomes. Blood trypomastigotes of both species were monomorphic. Blood trypomastigotes of T. andersoni n. sp. were long and slender, tapering at both ends, whereas those of T. grylli were pyriform with a rounded posterior and tapered anterior.Both blood and culture forms of these trypanosomes were infective to laboratory-raised H. versicolor and Hyla crucifer Wied. Trypanosoma grylli was also infective to a field-collected Acris gryllus (LeConte). Neither trypanosome was infective to laboratory-raised Rana catesbeiana Shaw, Rana clamitans Rafinesque tadpoles, Rana pipiens Schreber, Rana sylvatica LeConte, or Xenopus laevis Daudin. Trypanosoma andersoni n. sp. was also not infective to laboratory-raised Bufo americanus Holbrook, Pseudacris triseriata (Wied), or to field-collected Hyla cinerea (Schneider) and Osteopilus septentrionalis Dumeril and Bibron. Neither species was infective to field-collected Notophthalmus viridescens (Rafinesque).

A Revision of the Subfamily Microscaphidiinae (Platyhelminthes, Digenea, Microscaphidiidae) Parasitic in Marine Turtles (Reptilia, Chelonia)

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Blair
Keyword(s):  
Green Turtle ◽  
Chelonia Mydas ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Marine Turtles ◽  
As Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Species Inquirendae

A revision of the subfamily Microscaphidiinae Looss, 1900 is presented and characters of taxonomic significance discussed. The genus Microscaphidium Looss, 1900, contains M. reticulare (van Beneden, 1859) Looss, 1901 (synonyms M. japonicum Oguro, 1941; M. caballeroi Groschaft, 1977); M. aberrans Looss, 1902 (synonym M. reticulare in part); and M, warui, sp. nov. Confusion in the literature over the identities of M. reticulare and M. aberrans is discussed. A neotype is selected for the former species and a lectotype for the latter. Polyangium linguatula (Looss, 1899) Looss, 1902 (synonyms P. miyajimai Kobayashi, 1921; P. colymbi Poche, 1925; P. longiseminale Chattopadhyaya, 1972) is the sole species in Polyangium Looss, 1902. The genus Angiodictyum Looss, 1902 contains A. parallelum (Looss, 1901) Looss, 1902; A. posterovitellatum Chattopadhyaya, 1972; A. longum, sp, nov.; A. glossoides, sp. nov. Polygorgyra, gen. nov., is proposed for P. cholados, sp. nov. Microscaphidium chelonei Chattopadhyaya, 1972 nec Mehrotra, 1973 and Angiodictyum anteroporum Chattopadhyaya, 1972 are regarded as species inquirendae. Microscaphidium chelonei Mehrotra, 1973 nec Chattopadhyaya, 1972 is a nomen nudum. The following species are recorded for the first time from the green turtle, Chelonia mydas (L.) in Australian waters: Microscaphidium reticulare; M. aberrans; M. warui; Angiodictyum posterovitellatum; A. longum; Polygorgyra cholados.

Distribution of the middorsal stripe dimorphism in the wood frog, Rana sylvatica, in eastern North America

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1643-1651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick W. Schueler ◽  
Francis R. Cook
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
Rana Sylvatica ◽  
Wood Frog ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Hudson Bay ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Maritime Canada ◽  
Eurasian Species

The frequency of the middorsally striped morph of Rana sylvatica in Ontario and Manitoba varies from absence in southern Ontario to 80% on the coast of Hudson Bay, with a general value of 20–30% in the boreal forest, a rise to 50% on the forest–grassland ecotone in southern Manitoba, and a decline westward to 20% on the edge of the prairies. This morph is rare in the northeastern United States and Maritime Canada. The suggested relationship between its frequency and the "grassiness" of the background on which predators view it is reexamined, and it is suggested that a linkage with earlier transformation as demonstrated in Eurasian species may explain certain anomalies.

Chromosomal analysis of Rana pipiens, Bufo americanus and their hybrid

1968 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Kiley ◽  
J.F. Wohnus
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Chromosomal Analysis ◽  
Bufo Americanus

Taxonomic revision of species of Haematoloechus Looss, 1899 (Digenea: Plagiorchioidea), with molecular phylogenetic analysis and the description of three new species from Mexico

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4526 (3) ◽  
pp. 251 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIRGINIA LEÓN-RÈGAGNON ◽  
JANET TOPAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Nomen Nudum ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypothesis ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Phylogenetic Hypotheses ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Species Inquirendae

Lung flukes of the genus Haematoloechus Looss, 1899 are common parasites of anurans worldwide, but the taxonomy of the group has been confusing. In this taxonomic revision, 89 species of Haematoloechus (= Pneumonoeces Looss, 1902, Ostioloides Odening, 1960, Ostiolum Pratt, 1903, Skrjabinoeces Sudarikov, 1950, Neohaematoloechus Odening, 1960, Metahaematoloechus Yamaguti, 1971) are listed. Of these, 70 are considered valid, three are species inquirendae (H. legrandi Mañé–Garzón & Gil, 1959, H. latoricensis Kozák, 1968 & H. vitelloconfluentum (Rai, 1962) Saeed, Al–Barwari & Al-Harmni, 2007), one is a nomen nudum H. sudarikovi Belouss, 1962, 14 are junior synonyms and one belongs to Ostioloides. This publication also describes three new species, H. occidentalis n. sp., H. veracruzanus n. sp. and H. mexicanus n. sp., parasitizing species of Rana Linnaeus in Mexico and redescribes Haematoloechus caballeroi (Skrjabin & Antipin, 1962) Yamaguti, 1971. The phylogenetic hypotheses based on sequences of mitochondrial and ribosomal DNA of Haematoloechus spp. show that genera proposed on the basis of morphological characters are not supported. The host records for species of Haematoloechus, together with the phylogenetic hypothesis of the genus, suggest that this host-parasite association predates the ranid diversification in the Cretaceous. 

SEXUAL BEHAVIOR AND THE CLASSIFICATION OF THE PHILODROMUS RUFUS COMPLEX IN NORTH AMERICA (ARANEIDA: THOMISIDAE)

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Dondale
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
North America ◽  
Great Lakes ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Mating Behaviors

The mating behaviors of Philodromus rufus-like spiders from the Pacific coast, northern Ontario, and southern Ontario near Belleville revealed two species and a subspecies. P. rufus Walckenaer is identified as a transcontinental species in which the males vibrate their legs in courtship and possess an "angular" retro-lateral apophysis on the palpal tibia. P. rufus vibrans Dondale is a small, heavily-speckled subspecies of rufus. The second species is P. exilis Banks, in which the males do not vibrate and have a "non-angular" apophysis, and which occurs in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence-Acadian forests of eastern North America.

Habitat fragmentation and the distribution of amphibians: patch and landscape correlates in farmland

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (8) ◽  
pp. 1288-1299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary B Kolozsvary ◽  
Robert K Swihart
Keyword(s):  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Hyla Versicolor ◽  
Pitfall Traps ◽  
Bufo Americanus ◽  
Forest Patches ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Pseudacris Crucifer ◽  
Chorus Frogs ◽  
Nonrandom Distribution ◽  
Landscape Level

We studied the effects of agriculturally induced fragmentation of forests and wetlands on amphibian assemblages and their distribution in a landscape of the midwestern United States. Potential breeding pools and upland areas in 30 forest patches of various sizes and degrees of isolation were intensively sampled for amphibians during April through August 1996 and March through August 1997 in Indiana. Species presence was documented using pitfall traps, anuran vocalization surveys, and cover-board sampling for adults and minnow traps and dip nets for larvae. Amphibian, anuran, and salamander assemblages were nonrandomly distributed across the landscape. American toads (Bufo americanus) and gray treefrogs (Hyla versicolor) were ubiquitous, whereas the distributions of several other species were ordered in a predictable manner. Logistic regression was used to develop predictive models of probabilities of occurrence for species in response to forest and wetland patch and landscape variables. Occurrence of redback salamanders (Plethodon cinereus) was positively associated with the area of a forest patch. Occurrence of ranid frogs was positively associated with proximity of wetlands for three of four species, and occurrences of smallmouth salamanders (Ambystoma texanum), spring peepers (Pseudacris crucifer), and western chorus frogs (Pseudacris triseriata) were related to the degree of wetland permanency. Multiple linear regression revealed that species richness was greatest for wetlands with intermediate degrees of permanency. The observed nonrandom distribution exhibited by several amphibians suggests that they respond to landscape-level attributes. Moreover, species differed substantially in the nature of their responses to fragmentation, consistent with differences in their life history and ecology.

The demise of a class of protists: taxonomic and nomenclatural revisions proposed for the protest phylum Myxozoa Grassé, 1970

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 932-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Kent ◽  
L. Margolis ◽  
J. O. Corliss
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Salmonid Fishes ◽  
Myxobolus Cerebralis ◽  
Aquatic Oligochaetes ◽  
As Species ◽  
Collective Group ◽  
Host Life ◽  
Myxosporean Species ◽  
Species Inquirendae

The phylum Myxozoa has been considered to comprise two classes, Myxosporea Bütschli, 1881 (primarily of fishes) and Actinosporea Noble in Levine et al., 1980 (primarily of aquatic oligochaetes). About 10 years ago it was demonstrated that the life cycle of Myxobolus cerebralis Hofer, 1903 (Myxobolidae: Platysporina) of salmonid fishes requires transformation of the myxosporean into an actinosporean stage in the oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex (Tubificidae), and that the stage infective to fish is the actinosporean spore. This type of two-host life cycle has now been demonstrated or strongly implicated for 14 myxosporean species, belonging to 6 genera in 4 families. In light of these findings, the taxonomy of the Myxozoa is revised. We propose the following: suppression of the newer class Actinosporea and the order Actinomyxidia Štolc, 1899; and suppression of all families in the Actinosporea except Tetractinomyxidae. This family and its one genus, Tetractinomyxon Ikeda, 1912, are transferred to the order Multivalvulida Shulman, 1959 (Myxosporea). We also propose that actinosporean generic names be treated as collective-group names, thus they do not compete in priority with myxosporean generic names. Triactinomyxon dubium Granata, 1924 and Triactinomyxon gyrosalmo Wolf and Markiw, 1984 are suppressed as junior synonyms of Myxobolus cerebralis. The myxosporean stage of no other previously named actinosporean has been identified. Other actinosporean species are therefore retained as species inquirendae until their myxosporean stages are identified. A revised description of the phylum Myxozoa is provided that includes our proposed taxonomic and nomenclatural changes.

Nacobbus aberrans (Thorne, 1935) Thorne & Allen, 1944 (Nematoda: Pratylenchidae); a nascent species complex revealed by RFLP analysis and sequencing of the ITS-rDNA region

Nematology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hunt ◽  
Rosa Manzanilla-López ◽  
Alex Reid
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Its Rdna ◽  
Molecular Characterisation ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
As Species ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Nacobbus Aberrans ◽  
Species Inquirendae

AbstractTwelve populations of Nacobbus aberrans, sensu lato, from Mexico, Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador and Argentina were subjected to molecular analysis of their genetic variability. RFLP banding patterns revealed three groups: i) Mexico, Ecuador and Argentina 1 populations; ii) Bolivia and Peru populations; iii) Argentina 2 population. These differences were confirmed by sequencing the ITS rDNA region. Depth of branching was strongly supportive of the presence of three separate species, thus supporting the hypothesis that N. aberrans s.l. is indeed a species complex. The populations from Mexico, Ecuador and Argentina 1 are attributed to N. aberrans s.s., although this requires confirmation by molecular characterisation of N. aberrans from the type locality in the USA; those from Bolivia and Peru are attributed to N. bolivianus Lordello, Zamith & Boock, 1961 with Argentina 2 regarded as representing another taxon. Nacobbus serendipiticus and N. batatiformis are removed from synonymy under N. aberrans s.l . and regarded as species inquirendae . Consistent minor banding patterns in the RFLP profiles may indicate that the genus reproduces predominantly by parthenogenesis.

The extent of old-growth Thuja occidentalis on cliffs of the Niagara Escarpment

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1628-1636 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Larson ◽  
P. E. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Ecology ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Thuja Occidentalis ◽  
Selective Sampling ◽  
Niagara Escarpment ◽  
Old Growth Forest

Extensive random sampling of populations of Thuja occidentalis growing on vertical cliffs of the Niagara Escarpment in southern Ontario, Canada, was conducted to determine the extent of an old-growth forest that had recently been described. Nine sites distributed along the length of the escarpment were intensively sampled and from these, 1254 increment cores or cross sections were obtained from 872 trees in all age categories. The results show that all cliffs support a broadly similar old-growth forest of stunted trees, but that statistically significant differences were found in the numbers of trees among sites. No large differences among sites were found in heights or diameters of trees. Maximum ages of 532 (sampled) and 814 years (estimated) were found in the random census, although in subsequent selective sampling, intact stems up to 1032 years were found. The incidence of fire and cutting by humans was also measured, but little evidence of such disturbances was found. It is concluded that exposed cliff faces of the Niagara Escarpment support one of the oldest, most extensive, and most intact old-growth forest ecosystems yet described for eastern North America. The opportunities for the study of basic forest ecology and especially for dendrochronology are considerable. Key words: Thuja occidentalis, old growth, Niagara Escarpment, cliff, age structures.

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