The taxonomy of Gyrodactylus (Monogenea) parasitizing certain salmonid fishes of North America, with a description of Gyrodactylus nerkae n. sp.

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 2587-2597 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Cone ◽  
M. Beverley-Burton ◽  
M. Wiles ◽  
T. E. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Salmonid Fishes ◽  
Diagnostic Key ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Specimens of Gyrodactylus Nordmann, 1832, both newly collected and deposited type material, from cultured and wild salmonid fishes from various localities in North America, are compared and five species are recognized: G. salmonis Yin and Sproston, 1948 status emended, on Salmo clarki, S. salar, S. aguabonita, S. gairdneri, S. trutta, Salvelinus fontinalis, S. namaycush, and Oncorhynchus kisutch from several localities throughout the continent; Gyrodactylus nerkae n. sp. on O. nerka from Vancouver Island; G. colemanensis Mizelle and Kritsky, 1967 on Salmo gairdneri from California, Arkansas, and insular Newfoundland, S. fontinalis from Nova Scotia and Ontario, and S. trutta, S. namaycush, and S. fontinalis × S. namaycush from Ontario; G. avalonia Hanek and Threlfall, 1969 on S. gairdneri from Nova Scotia; and G. brevis Crane and Mizelle, 1967 on S. gairdneri from California. Gyrodactylus salmonis, G. nerkae, and G. colemanensis are considered specific to salmonid fishes, whereas G. avalonia and G. brevis are considered "accidental" infections, acquired from nonsalmonid fishes. A diagnostic key to the five species is provided and gyrodactyliasis, as a disease of cultured salmonids in North America, is discussed briefly.

Food Specialization By Individual Trout

1972 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1615-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Bryan ◽  
P. A. Larkin
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Cutthroat Trout ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Potential Prey ◽  
Repeated Observation ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Salmo Clarki

Analyses of stomach contents showed that the kinds of prey eaten by brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), cutthroat trout (Salmo clarki), and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were seldom distributed at random among the individuals. Repeated observation of food eaten by individuals in a stream and ponds showed that prey types were eaten in proportions which were characteristic for an individual.Specialization occurred on several different kinds of prey. Although the degree of specialization was higher during shorter intervals, the data suggested that some specialization persisted for half a year. There were no striking correlations between degree of specialization and other individual properties such as size, growth rate, weight of food, number of food items, previous specialization, or area of recapture.In addition to the observations on trout in relatively undisturbed habitats, a field experiment was conducted using laboratory-reared rainbow trout held in small ponds. The food of each trout in the experiment was sampled repeatedly. In analysis of variance, interaction among the individuals and kinds of prey eaten showed that food specialization occurred. Both the absolute and relative abundance of potential prey were constant during the experiment.

Occurrence of Heteropolaria lwoffi (Fauré-Fremiet, 1943) and Apiosoma piscicola Blanchard, 1885 (Ciliata) on Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) in Nova Scotia, Canada

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2426-2429 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Cone ◽  
P. H. Odense
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Fish Farm ◽  
Mucous Cells ◽  
First Report ◽  
Scanning Electron

Heteropolaria lwoffi (Fauré-Fremiet, 1943) and Apiosoma piscicola Blanchard, 1885 (Ciliata) are reported from fry of Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill) at a fish farm in Nova Scotia. The specimens were examined with a scanning electron microscope. Heteropolaria lwoffi attached to pore walls of mucous cells. Apiosoma piscicola had an affinity for the attached scopula of H. lwoffi. Bacterial microcolonies were associated with the adhesive substance secreted by the scopulas but there was no evidence of colony expansion into the underlying skin. The study represents the first specific identifications of stalked peritrichs from salmonids in North America and the first report of A. piscicola on the continent.

The Number of Genes for Lactate Dehydrogenase in Salmonid Fishes

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 760-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. S. Bailey ◽  
H. Tsuyuki ◽  
A. C. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Salmonid Fishes ◽  
Structural Genes ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Nad Oxidoreductase ◽  
Microcomplement Fixation ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenases

Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) that show polymorphism at the ldhHα locus for liver lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (L-lactate: NAD oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.27) have been examined electrophoretically and immunologically. These results show that the ldhHα locus is active in two possible allelic forms, ldhHαA and ldhHαB, in many tissues such as heart, liver, kidney, eye, red blood cell, brain, and pyloric caeca. Quantitative microcomplement fixation tests support the contention that HαA and HαB subunits are allelic variants. These results, combined with electrophoretic studies on brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) polymorphic at the ldhHβ locus, lead us to conclude that all isozymes for LDH in salmonid fishes can be accounted for by the activity of four, and possibly five structural loci: ldhHα, ldhHβ, ldhC, ldhMα, and possibly ldhMβ. These results are in contrast to previous suggestions that the multiple lactate dehydrogenases of trout are encoded by 8 or 10 structural genes per haploid genome.

Ramellogammarus vancouverensis Bousfield (Amphipoda) as an intermediate host for salmonid parasites in British Columbia

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 1100-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Margolis ◽  
F. Moravec
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
First Record ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Pacific Region ◽  
Salmonid Fishes ◽  
Swim Bladder ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
First Time

Larvae of the nematode Salvelinema walkeri (Ekbaum, 1935) and metacercariae of the trematode Crepidostomum metoecus (Braun, 1900) are recorded for the first time from the amphipod Ramellogammarus vancouverensis Bousfield, 1979 (Amphipoda: Gammaridae).The infected amphipods were collected from De Mamiel Creek, southwestern Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Brief descriptions are given of both parasites, which as adults live in salmonid fishes. This report provides the first record of an intermediate host for S. walkeri, a swim-bladder parasite of salmonids of the Pacific region of North America, and of an intermediate host of a Crepidostomum species in the Pacific region of Canada.

Do brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) from insular Newfoundland have different parasites than their mainland counterparts?

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Marcogliese ◽  
David K. Cone
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Salmonid Fishes ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Brook Charr ◽  
Northeastern North America ◽  
Metazoan Parasite ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Brook Char

Based on the published literature, comparison of the metazoan parasite faunas of brook char (Salvelinus fontinalis) from freshwater localities in northeastern North America reveals that hosts in insular Newfoundland have fewer parasite species recorded from them. Of 45 parasite species or taxa, only 20 are common to the island and the mainland. Twenty-three parasite species have been reported from the mainland but not from the island, with most of the taxa being types common to non-salmonid fishes. Two species, the copepod Ergasilus luciopercarum and the digenean Tetracotyle, have been reported from charr on the island but not from the northeastern mainland. It is suggested that the primary reason for the difference in the structure of the assemblages is the lack of contact brook charr in Newfoundland have with percid, cyprinid, centrarchid, esocid, and catostomid fishes and their parasites.

Canada, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the Other British Provinces in North America

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Silk Buckingham
Keyword(s):  
Nova Scotia ◽  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
The Other

Identity of the oribatid mite Oribata curva and transfer to Trichogalumna (Acari, Oribatida, Galumnidae), with discussion of nomenclatural and biogeographical issues in the ‘curva’ species-group

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4272 (4) ◽  
pp. 551
Author(s):  
ROY A. NORTON ◽  
SERGEY G. ERMILOV
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
History Of ◽  
Molecular Assessment

Based on the study of type material, other historical specimens, and new collections, the adult of the thelytokous oribatid mite Oribata curva Ewing, 1907 (Galumnidae) is redescribed and the name is recombined to Trichogalumna curva (Ewing, 1907) comb. nov. A confusing history of synonymies and misidentifications is traced in detail, and their effect on published statements about biogeography is assessed. Reliable records of T. curva are only those from North America. The tropical mite Pergalumna ventralis (Willmann, 1932) is not a subspecies of T. curva. The widely-reported Trichogalumna nipponica (Aoki, 1966) and other similar species form a complex with T. curva that needs further morphological and molecular assessment. 

Physiological Response of Juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Rainbow Trout (Salmo gairdneri) to Handling and Crowding Stress in Intensive Fish Culture

1976 ◽  
Vol 33 (12) ◽  
pp. 2699-2702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary A. Wedemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Fish Distribution ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Crowding Stress ◽  
Normal Feeding ◽  
Intensive Fish Culture

Moving 4–5-in. coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) held in soft (20 ppm CaCO3) water from the relatively light loading density of 0.5 lb/ft3 to 1, 2, or 4 lb/ft3 (density index, DI = 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8) caused significant stress as indicated by loss of feeding behavior, but only minimal physiological disturbances, as indicated by lack of hyperglycemia or hypochloremia. However, moving them to 6 or 12 lb/ft3 (DI = 1.2, 2.4) caused significant physiological stress which required at least a week for recovery. Smolting coho salmon were physiologically stressed by population densities of 1 lb/ft3 or more and a subclinical corynebacterial kidney infection was activated. Rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) (4–5 in.) were physiologically stressed when moved and held at 1 lb/ft3 or more but retained normal feeding behavior. This indicates that handling and crowding stress will be minimized in softwater areas if densities in fish distribution trucks or in ponds or raceways during disease treatments are held to 0.1–0.5 lb/gal.

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