How do body and paired-fin positions affect the ability of three teleost fishes to maneuver around bends?

Deep-bodied fishes with an acanthopterygian fin distribution are traditionally considered more maneuverable than fishes with a fusiform body and less derived fin positions. One measure of fish maneuverability is the ability to make yawing turns. Goldfish (Carassius auratus), silver dollars (Metynnis hypsauchen), and angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) were induced to swim through narrow tubes bent at angles of 0°, 45°, 90°, 135°, and 180°. These three species represent a range of body form and fin position from goldfish (fusiform body and less derived ventral placement of the paired fins) through silver dollar (deep body and the same fin positions as goldfish) to the acanthopterygian angelfish (deep body and lateral pectoral fins). The minimum width of tubes through which the fish could pass a bend increased with angle for all species and among species in the order goldfish < silver dollar < angelfish. Goldfish were consistently faster than angelfish, reflecting the routine use of body and caudal fin swimming, while angelfish routinely used median- and paired-fin swimming. Greater body depth and anterolateral pectoral fin positions were not associated with greater maneuverability. Goldfish were most adept at making yawing turns in confined spaces and in such circumstances were most maneuverable.

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Performance and maneuverability of three species of teleostean fishes

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z01-146 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 79 (10) ◽

pp. 1866-1877 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Paul W Webb ◽

Antonia Gardiner Fairchild

Keyword(s):

Surface Area ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Body Depth ◽

Small Surface ◽

Pectoral Fins ◽

Functional Capabilities ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

And Performance ◽

Median Fins ◽

Pterophyllum Scalare

Whole-animal behavior and performance are assembled from functional capabilities that are dependent on morphology, such as body form and fin-distribution patterns. We compared hovering, median and paired fin (MPF), body and caudal fin (BCF), and burst-and-coast gaits and maneuvers permitted within these gaits, turning, backward swimming, and braking for three species: goldfish, Carassius auratus, silver dollar, Metynnis hypsauchen, and angelfish, Pterophyllum scalare. Goldfish have a fusiform body with a relatively small surface area and depth. Silver dollars and angelfish had larger areas and depths. The smaller surface area was expected to be associated with greater use and higher speeds in BCF swimming behaviors for goldfish but little support was found. Larger body depth was expected to be associated with higher turning rates and maneuverability of silver dollars versus goldfish, but data were again equivocal. Body depth may be more important in defense than in locomotion. Goldfish and silver dollars have ventral paired fins. Angelfish have more derived lateral pectoral fins, anterior pelvic fins, and larger median fins. This fin pattern was expected to be associated with greater use of MPF behaviors at higher speeds, and with greater maneuverability. Support for this expectation was found, but there were sufficient exceptions to indicate that other factors were important.

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Isolation of Tetrahymena pyriformis From Several Infected Pet Fish Species And a Regime For Its Treatment

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v29i1.880 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 190-195

Author(s):

Omar Bassim Ahmed Al- Tayyar

Keyword(s):

Methylene Blue ◽

Water Temperature ◽

Carassius Auratus ◽

Poecilia Reticulata ◽

Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽

Infected Fish ◽

Mucus Hypersecretion ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Poecilia Sphenops ◽

Pterophyllum Scalare

Tetrahymena pyriformis has been firstly isolated from brood Goldfish(Carassius auratus) Common, Fantail, Ryukin, Veiltail and Moor, Black molly(Poecilia sphenops), Gourami (Trichogaster trichopterus), red Swordtail(Xiphophorus helleri), Guppy (Poecilia reticulata), deep Angelfish(Pterophyllum scalare) and brood Algae eater (Hypostomus plecostomus) inIraq. The infected fish suffered from mucus hypersecretion large hyperemicareas on the skin, and slight shedding of the scales. The incidence percentage ofinfection was 100 %. Rising water temperature was up to 29 – 30cْ for one timeand methylene blue was at a concentration of 5 ppm for 24 hours. Sodiumchloride at a concentration of 2 % for one minute and two minutes has noobvious effect on Tetrahymena pyriformis. Treatment with NaCl at theconcentration of 1% for 20 minutes for three consecutive days achieved the bestresults.

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SEM of Hepatocytes and Biliary Passages in Goldfish Liver

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100080213 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 35 ◽

pp. 556-557

Author(s):

Waykin Nopanitaya ◽

Joe W. Grisham ◽

Johnny L. Carson

Keyword(s):

Carassius Auratus ◽

Cell Layer ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Cell Types ◽

Biliary System ◽

Fish Food ◽

Commercial Fish ◽

Goldfish Carassius Auratus ◽

Commercial Fish Food

An interesting feature of the goldfish liver is the morphology of the hepatic plate, which is always formed by a two-cell layer of hepatocytes. Hepatic plates of the goldfish liver contain an infrequently seen second type of cell, in the centers of plates between two hepatocytes. A TEH study by Yamamoto (1) demonstrated ultrastructural differences between hepatocytes and centrally located cells in hepatic plates; the latter were classified as ductule cells of the biliary system. None of the previous studies clearly showed a three-dimensional organization of the two cell types described. In the present investigation we utilize SEM to elucidate the arrangement of hepatocytes and bile ductular cells in intralobular plates of goldfish liver.Livers from young goldfish (Carassius auratus), about 6-10 cm, fed commercial fish food were used for this study. Hepatic samples were fixed in 4% buffered paraformaldehyde, cut into pieces, fractured, osmicated, CPD, mounted Au-Pd coated, and viewed by SEM at 17-20 kV. Our observations were confined to the ultrastructure of biliary passages within intralobular plates, ductule cells, and hepatocytes.

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