scholarly journals Sensing microwave photons with a Bose–Einstein condensate

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Orsolya Kálmán ◽  
Peter Domokos
Keyword(s):  
Single Photon ◽  
Coplanar Waveguide ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Detection Scheme ◽  
Rubidium Atoms ◽  
Hyperfine Transitions ◽  
Magnetically Trapped ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
The Magnetic Field

AbstractWe consider the interaction of a magnetically trapped Bose–Einstein condensate of Rubidium atoms with the stationary microwave radiation field sustained by a coplanar waveguide resonator. This coupling allows for the measurement of the magnetic field of the resonator by means of counting the atoms that fall out of the condensate due to hyperfine transitions to non-trapped states. We determine the quantum efficiency of this detection scheme and show that weak microwave fields at the single-photon level can be sensed.

Cavity Cooling Below the Recoil Limit

Science ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 337 (6090) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Wolke ◽  
Julian Klinner ◽  
Hans Keßler ◽  
Andreas Hemmerich
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cooling ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Purcell Factor ◽  
Optical Cavities ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Cavity System ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Cavity Cooling ◽  
Conventional Laser

Conventional laser cooling relies on repeated electronic excitations by near-resonant light, which constrains its area of application to a selected number of atomic species prepared at moderate particle densities. Optical cavities with sufficiently large Purcell factors allow for laser cooling schemes, avoiding these limitations. Here, we report on an atom-cavity system, combining a Purcell factor above 40 with a cavity bandwidth below the recoil frequency associated with the kinetic energy transfer in a single photon scattering event. This lets us access a yet-unexplored regime of atom-cavity interactions, in which the atomic motion can be manipulated by targeted dissipation with sub-recoil resolution. We demonstrate cavity-induced heating of a Bose-Einstein condensate and subsequent cooling at particle densities and temperatures incompatible with conventional laser cooling.

scholarly journals Shell potentials for microgravity Bose–Einstein condensates

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Lundblad ◽  
R. A. Carollo ◽  
C. Lannert ◽  
M. J. Gold ◽  
X. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Space Station ◽  
Cold Atom ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Quantum Gas ◽  
Ellipsoidal Shell ◽  
Magnetically Trapped ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
Shell Geometry ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractExtending the understanding of Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) physics to new geometries and topologies has a long and varied history in ultracold atomic physics. One such new geometry is that of a bubble, where a condensate would be confined to the surface of an ellipsoidal shell. Study of this geometry would give insight into new collective modes, self-interference effects, topology-dependent vortex behavior, dimensionality crossovers from thick to thin shells, and the properties of condensates pushed into the ultradilute limit. Here we propose to implement a realistic experimental framework for generating shell-geometry BEC using radiofrequency dressing of magnetically trapped samples. Such a tantalizing state of matter is inaccessible terrestrially due to the distorting effect of gravity on experimentally feasible shell potentials. The debut of an orbital BEC machine (NASA Cold Atom Laboratory, aboard the International Space Station) has enabled the operation of quantum-gas experiments in a regime of perpetual freefall, and thus has permitted the planning of microgravity shell-geometry BEC experiments. We discuss specific experimental configurations, applicable inhomogeneities and other experimental challenges, and outline potential experiments.

scholarly journals (Self-)Magnetized Bose–Einstein condensate stars

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1950135 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Quintero Angulo ◽  
A. Pérez Martínez ◽  
H. Pérez Rojas ◽  
D. Manreza Paret
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Thermodynamic Description ◽  
Compact Object ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Compact Objects ◽  
Magnetic Field Effects ◽  
Axially Symmetric ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
The Magnetic Field

We study magnetic field effects on the Equations-of-State (EoS) and the structure of Bose–Einstein Condensate (BEC) stars, i.e. a compact object composed by a gas of interacting spin-one bosons formed up by the pairing of two neutrons. To include the magnetic field in the thermodynamic description, we assume that particle–magnetic field and particle–particle interactions are independent. We consider two configurations for the magnetic field: one where it is constant and externally fixed, and another where it is produced by the bosons through self-magnetization. Stable configurations of self-magnetized and magnetized nonspherical BEC stars are studied using structure equations that describe axially symmetric objects. In general, the magnetized BEC stars are spheroidal, less massive and smaller than the nonmagnetic ones, being these effects more relevant at low densities. Nevertheless, star masses around two solar masses are obtained by increasing the strength of the boson–boson interaction. The inner magnetic field profiles of the self-magnetized BEC stars can be computed as a function of the equatorial radii. The values obtained for the core and surface magnetic fields are in agreement with those typically found in compact objects.

COLLAPSING NEUTRON STARS DRIVEN BY CRITICAL MAGNETIC FIELDS AND EXPLODING BOSE–EINSTEIN CONDENSATES

2005 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 1855-1860 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. PÉREZ ROJAS ◽  
A. PÉREZ MARTÍNEZ ◽  
HERMAN J. MOSQUERA CUESTA
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Neutron Stars ◽  
Vector Boson ◽  
Einstein Condensate ◽  
Relativistic Limit ◽  
Bose Einstein Condensate ◽  
Critical Magnetic Fields ◽  
Neutral Vector ◽  
Bose Einstein ◽  
The Magnetic Field

A Bose–Einstein condensate of a neutral vector boson bearing an anomalous magnetic moment is suggested as a model for ferromagnetic origin of magnetic fields in neutron stars. The vector particles are assumed to arise from parallel spin-paired neutrons. A negative pressure perpendicular to the external field B is acting on this condensate, which for large densities, compress the system, and may produce a collapse. An upper bound of the magnetic fields observable in neutron stars is given. In the the non-relativistic limit, the analogy with the behavior of exploding Bose–Einstein condensates (BECs) for critical values of the magnetic field is briefly discussed.

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