THE HIDDEN SECTOR OF PARTICLE THEORY

1999 ◽  
pp. 19-89
Keyword(s):  
Particle Theory ◽  
Hidden Sector

Information theory and dimensions: Enhancing Quantum Mechanics

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 2470-2475
Author(s):  
Bheku Khumalo
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Quantum Tunneling ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Human Mind ◽  
Particle Theory ◽  
Knowledge Theory ◽  
Spatial Dimensions ◽  
Double Slit Experiment ◽  
Slit Experiment ◽  
Double Slit

This paper seeks to discuss why information theory is so important. What is information, knowledge is interaction of human mind and information, but there is a difference between information theory and knowledge theory. Look into information and particle theory and see how information must have its roots in particle theory. This leads to the concept of spatial dimensions, information density, complexity, particle density, can there be particle complexity, and re-looking at the double slit experiment and quantum tunneling. Information functions/ relations are discussed.

The Nature of Light

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank S. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Wave Phenomenon ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Speed Of Light ◽  
Particle Theory ◽  
Christiaan Huygens ◽  
Slit Experiment

Chapter 2 reviews answers to the question of what is light, starting with the ancient Greeks and ending in 1900 with the wave concept of Maxwell’s electrodynamics. For some ancient Greeks, light consisted of atoms emitted from surface of the object, whereas for others it was fire that either entered into or was emitted by eyes, although the latter possibility was effectively eliminated around the year 1000. Competing proposals well after then were that light is either a wave phenomenon or consists of particles, with Isaac Newton’s corpuscular (particle) theory prevailing by the end of the 1600s over the wave concept championed by Christiaan Huygens, who published the first estimate of the speed of light. In the early 1800s, Thomas Young’s two-slit experiment proved that light was a wave, a concept codified and firmly grounded through Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetic waves.

scholarly journals Explicit soft supersymmetry breaking in the heterotic M-theory B − L MSSM

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Ashmore ◽  
Sebastian Dumitru ◽  
Burt A. Ovrut
Keyword(s):  
Line Bundle ◽  
Supersymmetry Breaking ◽  
Moduli Space ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Hidden Sector ◽  
Effective Lagrangian ◽  
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking ◽  
M Theory

Abstract The strongly coupled heterotic M-theory vacuum for both the observable and hidden sectors of the B − L MSSM theory is reviewed, including a discussion of the “bundle” constraints that both the observable sector SU(4) vector bundle and the hidden sector bundle induced from a single line bundle must satisfy. Gaugino condensation is then introduced within this context, and the hidden sector bundles that exhibit gaugino condensation are presented. The condensation scale is computed, singling out one line bundle whose associated condensation scale is low enough to be compatible with the energy scales available at the LHC. The corresponding region of Kähler moduli space where all bundle constraints are satisfied is presented. The generic form of the moduli dependent F-terms due to a gaugino superpotential — which spontaneously break N = 1 supersymmetry in this sector — is presented and then given explicitly for the unique line bundle associated with the low condensation scale. The moduli-dependent coefficients for each of the gaugino and scalar field soft supersymmetry breaking terms are computed leading to a low-energy effective Lagrangian for the observable sector matter fields. We then show that at a large number of points in Kähler moduli space that satisfy all “bundle” constraints, these coefficients are initial conditions for the renormalization group equations which, at low energy, lead to completely realistic physics satisfying all phenomenological constraints. Finally, we show that a substantial number of these initial points also satisfy a final constraint arising from the quadratic Higgs-Higgs conjugate soft supersymmetry breaking term.

scholarly journals Revisiting scalar quark hidden sector in light of 750-GeV diphoton resonance

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Wei Chiang ◽  
Masahiro Ibe ◽  
Tsutomu T. Yanagida
Keyword(s):  
Hidden Sector ◽  
Scalar Quark

scholarly journals Use of scaled-particle theory in the assessment of the Ph4As+/Ph4B− assumption for single ions

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael H. Abraham ◽  
Asadollah Nasehzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Scaled Particle Theory ◽  
Cavity Formation ◽  
Energy Term ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Particle Theory ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Energy Of Interaction ◽  
Solvent Molecules

A novel method for the assessment of the Ph4As+/Ph4B− assumption for free energies of transfer of single ions has recently been suggested by Treiner, and used by him to deduce that the assumption is not valid for transfers between water, propylene carbonate, sulpholane, dimethylsulphoxide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and perhaps also dimethylformamide. The basis of the method is the estimation of the free energy of cavity formation by scaled-particle theory, together with the hypothesis that the free energy of interaction of Ph4As+ (or Ph4B−) with solvent molecules is the same in all solvents, ΔGt0(int) = 0. It is shown in the present paper that (a) whether or not the Ph4As+/Ph4B− assumption applies to transfer to a given solvent depends on which other solvent is taken as the reference solvent in Treiner's method, (b) the calculation of the cavity free energy term by scaled-particle theory and by the theory of Sinanoglu – Reisse – Moura Ramos (SRMR) yields values so different that the method cannot be considered reliable, (c) the calculation of cavity enthalpies and entropies for Ph4As+ or Ph4B− by scaled-particle theory yields results that are chemically not reasonable, (d) the hypothesis that ΔGt0(int) = 0 conflicts with SRMR theory, and (e) the conclusions reached by Treiner are not in accord with recent work that in general supports the Ph4As+/Ph4B− assumption for solvents that are rejected by Treiner.

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