ON SMALL UNIVERSAL SPLICING SYSTEMS

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (07) ◽  
pp. 1423-1438 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTIOM ALHAZOV ◽  
YURII ROGOZHIN ◽  
SERGEY VERLAN
Keyword(s):  
Test Tube ◽  
P System ◽  
Tube System ◽  
Descriptional Complexity ◽  
Splicing Systems

In this paper we consider universal systems based on splicing. As in previous works, we take the number of rules as the parameter for the descriptional complexity. We present three results: universal double splicing extended H system with 5 rules, universal splicing test tube system with 8 rules and a universal splicing P system with 5 rules.

SMALL UNIVERSAL TVDH AND TEST TUBE SYSTEMS

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
ARTIOM ALHAZOV ◽  
MARIAN KOGLER ◽  
MAURICE MARGENSTERN ◽  
YURII ROGOZHIN ◽  
SERGEY VERLAN
Keyword(s):  
Test Tube ◽  
Universal Time ◽  
Complexity Measure ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Descriptional Complexity

We consider the problem of construction of small universal devices based on splicing. Our descriptional complexity measure will be the number of rules present in the system. We present two universal time-varying distributed H systems: of degree 2 with 15 rules and of degree 1 with 17 rules, and also three universal splicing test tube systems with 3 or 2 test tubes and 10 rules.

scholarly journals Survival of Listeria monocytogenes in a Simulated Recirculating Brine Chiller System

2003 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 1840-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. K. GAILEY ◽  
J. S. DICKSON ◽  
W. DORSA
Keyword(s):  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Dilution Effect ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Tube System ◽  
Processed Meats ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Initial Drop ◽  
Salt Brine ◽  
Food Safety Risk

Contamination by Listeria monocytogenes of processed meats after cooking presents a significant food safety risk. The purpose of this study was to determine the survival of L. monocytogenes in a simulated recirculating brine chiller system using pH values of 5, 6, and 7 with free chlorine concentrations of 0, 3, 5, and 10 ppm in 20% salt brine at −12°C. At pH values of 5, 6, and 7 with chlorine concentrations of 2 and 3 ppm, using 108 CFU in a test tube system, an immediate drop of 0.28 log CFU/ml with no significance between treatments (P > 0.05), followed by a steady survival phase with a slope close to 0, was observed. In brine at a pH of 5 with 5 and 10 ppm of chlorine, an initial drop of 0.8 log CFU/ml was observed, which was followed by a steady survival phase with a destruction slope close to zero. At an inoculation concentration of 102 CFU in a test tube system (pH values of 5 and 7 with 0 and 10 ppm of chlorine), the average initial drop for all treatments was 0.1 log CFU/ml, which was followed by a steady survival phase. In a recirculating system, very few cells were destroyed during the brine chilling process, but only low numbers of L. monocytogenes were recovered from the brine and uninoculated hot dogs. Although little destruction of L. monocytogenes was noted, the dilution effect observed during the study indicates that environmental contamination of a brine chiller system poses little danger of postcooking contamination for processed meats if the system is regularly cleaned and sanitized.

scholarly journals Descriptional Complexity of Semi-Simple Splicing Systems

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Lila Kari ◽  
Timothy Ng
Keyword(s):  
Regular Language ◽  
Biological Process ◽  
Finite Automata ◽  
Dna Recombination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Binary String ◽  
Deterministic Finite Automata ◽  
Descriptional Complexity ◽  
Generative Mechanisms ◽  
Splicing Systems

Splicing systems are generative mechanisms introduced by Tom Head in 1987 to model the biological process of DNA recombination. The computational engine of a splicing system is the “splicing operation”, a cut-and-paste binary string operation defined by a set of “splicing rules”, quadruples [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] are words over an alphabet [Formula: see text]. For two strings [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], applying the splicing rule [Formula: see text] produces the string [Formula: see text]. In this paper we focus on a particular type of splicing systems, called [Formula: see text] semi-simple splicing systems, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], wherein all splicing rules [Formula: see text] have the property that the two strings in positions [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] are singleton letters, while the other two strings are empty. The language generated by such a system consists of the set of words that are obtained starting from an initial set called “axiom set”, by iteratively applying the splicing rules to strings in the axiom set as well as to intermediately produced strings. We consider semi-simple splicing systems where the axiom set is a regular language, and investigate the descriptional complexity of such systems in terms of the size of the minimal deterministic finite automata that recognize the languages they generate.

DESCRIPTIONAL COMPLEXITY OF SPLICING SYSTEMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 813-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
REMCO LOOS ◽  
ANDREAS MALCHER ◽  
DETLEF WOTSCHKE
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Finite Automata ◽  
Regular Languages ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Descriptional Complexity ◽  
Nondeterministic Finite Automata ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Splicing Systems

In this paper, the descriptional complexity of extended finite splicing systems is studied. These systems are known to generate exactly the class of regular languages. Upper and lower bounds are shown relating the size of these splicing systems, defined as the total length of the rules and the initial language of the system, to the size of their equivalent minimal nondeterministic finite automata (NFA). In addition, an accepting model of extended finite splicing systems is studied. Using this variant one can obtain systems which are more than polynomially more succinct than the equivalent NFA or generating extended finite splicing system.

Structural aspects of silicon diffusion in quaternary III-V thin-film semiconductors

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 850-851
Author(s):  
F. A. Ponce ◽  
R. L. Thornton ◽  
G. B. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Semiconductor Lasers ◽  
Wide Bandgap ◽  
Semiconductor Diode ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
P System ◽  
Misfit Dislocations ◽  
Lattice Match ◽  
Semiconductor Diode Laser ◽  
Thin Film Semiconductors ◽  
Silicon Diffusion

The InGaAlP quaternary system allows the production of semiconductor lasers emitting light in the visible range of the spectrum. Recent advances in the visible semiconductor diode laser art have established the viability of diode structures with emission wavelengths comparable to the He-Ne gas laser. There has been much interest in the growth of wide bandgap quaternary thin films on GaAs, a substrate most commonly used in optoelectronic applications. There is particular interest in compositions which are lattice matched to GaAs, thus avoiding misfit dislocations which can be detrimental to the lifetime of these materials. As observed in Figure 1, the (AlxGa1-x)0.5In0.5P system has a very close lattice match to GaAs and is favored for these applications.In this work, we have studied the effect of silicon diffusion in GaAs/InGaAlP structures. Silicon diffusion in III-V semiconductor alloys has been found to have an disordering effect which is associated with removal of fine structures introduced during growth. Due to the variety of species available for interdiffusion, the disordering effect of silicon can have severe consequences on the lattice match at GaAs/InGaAlP interfaces.

In Vitro Studies on the Mechanism of the Antifibrino-lytic Action of E-Aminocaproic Acid (EACA)

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (03/04) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Lukasiewicz ◽  
S Niewiarowski
Keyword(s):  
Aminocaproic Acid ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
In Vitro Studies ◽  
Lytic Action ◽  
Human Plasminogen ◽  
Experimental Findings ◽  
Fibrin Clots

Summary and Conclusion1. It has been found that EACA does not inhibit activation of human plasminogen into plasmin by SK and UK in a concentration of 5 × 10–2 M. The activation of bovine plasminogen by SK and UK is inhibited by this concentration of EACA but not by a lower one.2. EACA in concentrations of 1,5 × 10–1 – 10–4 M does not inhibit casein proteolysis by plasmin. The proteolysis of fibrinogen and fibrin measured by the release of TCA soluble tyrosine is inhibited by EACA in concentrations of 1,5 × 10–1 – 10–2 M.3. The lysis of non-stabilized clots by plasmin measured in a test tube was inhibited by an EACA concentration of 5 × 10–3 – 5 × 10–4 M. The lysis of stabilized clots by plasmin was inhibited by an EACA concentration of 10–5 M.4. On the basis of experimental findings and data given in literature the authors postulate that the mechanism of the antifibrinolytic effects of EACA consists mainly in a modification of plasmin action on fibrin. These effects are dependent on the structure of the fibrin clots.

New Caledonia: Pacific Test Tube

1945 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 355-357
Author(s):  
Lawrence Lader
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Test Tube
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