THE PRECAUTIONARY PRINCIPLE REVISITED: ITS INTERPRETATIONS AND THEIR CONSERVATION CONSEQUENCES

The precautionary principle was included in 1992 in the Rio Declaration and is part of important international agreements such as the Convention on Biological Diversity. Yet, it is not a straight-forward guide for environmental policy because many interpretations are possible as shown in this paper. Its different economic versions can result in conflicting policy recommendations about resource conservation. The principle does not always favor (natural) resource conservation (e.g., biodiversity conservation) although it has been adopted politically on the assumption it does. The principle's consequences are explored for biodiversity conservation when the introduction of new genotypes is possible.

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The Precautionary Principle in Biodiversity Conservation and Natural Resource Management. An Issues Paper for Policy-makers, Researchers and Practitioners by Rosie Cooney (2004), xi + 51 pp., IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. ISBN 2 8317 0810 9, £7.50.

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605305250482 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 230-230

Keyword(s):

Resource Management ◽

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Natural Resource Management ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Precautionary Principle ◽

Policy Makers ◽

The Precautionary Principle

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Application of the ‘Precautionary Principle’ in the 2000 Biosafety Protocol to the 1992 Convention on Biological Diversity

Journal of International Biotechnology Law ◽

10.1515/jibl.2005.2.3.112 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Simon Brown ◽

Daud Hassan

Keyword(s):

Precautionary Principle ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Genetic Manipulation ◽

Environmental Law ◽

Convention On Biological Diversity ◽

Environmental Harm ◽

International Environmental Law ◽

World Hunger ◽

The Precautionary Principle ◽

National Boundaries

IntroductionThe development of genetic manipulation in recent years has caused both angst and excitement. The technology has the potential to solve world hunger and create cures for many of humanities ailments. However many have also expressed concern that our understanding of the potential of the technology to cause significant environmental harm is limited. The possibility that this harm could extend beyond national boundaries has led to the technology being discussed in the international environmental law arena. The

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A SYSTEM DESIGN OPTIMIZATION MODEL FOR INTEGRATED NATURAL RESOURCE CONSERVATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN AN AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY

Proceedings of the Design Society ◽

10.1017/pds.2021.28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 273-282

Author(s):

Thomas Barlow ◽

Mandappa Biddanda ◽

Samarth Mendke ◽

Emmanuel Miyingo ◽

Anabel Sicko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Resource ◽

Systems Approach ◽

System Optimization ◽

Resource Conservation ◽

System Level ◽

Conservation And Development ◽

Natural Resource Conservation ◽

Agricultural Community ◽

System Design Optimization ◽

System Configurations

AbstractIntegrated Natural Resource Conservation and Development (INRCD) Projects are efforts at worldwide locations to promote economic development of local communities consistent with conservation of natural resources. This umbrella term includes Integration Conservation and Development Projects (ICDPs) introduced by the World Wide Fund to combine social development and conservation s through the use of socio-economic investments, and the Integrated Natural Resource Management (INRM) research and development efforts that have employed a systems approach for quantitative modeling and optimization. In the spirit of the INRCD framework, we describe the development of a system-level agriculture and energy model comprising engineering and economic models for crop, irrigation, and energy subsystem designs for a community in Central Uganda. The model architecture is modular allowing modifications for different system configurations and project locations. We include some initial results and discuss next steps for system optimization, refining model assumptions, and modeling community social benefits as drivers of such projects.

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Toward a More Expansive Discourse in a Changing World: An Analysis of Political Leaders’ Speeches on Biodiversity

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13052899 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 2899

Author(s):

Sang Hun Lee ◽

Yi Hyun Kang ◽

Rong Dai

Keyword(s):

Biodiversity Conservation ◽

Policy Process ◽

Biological Diversity ◽

Convention On Biological Diversity ◽

Decision Making Process ◽

Political Leaders ◽

Host Countries ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The Subject ◽

High Level

Speeches delivered in the Conference of the Parties (COPs) to the Convention on Biological Diversity represent leading discourses about biodiversity conservation. The discourse shared by high-level politicians is especially influential in the financing and decision-making process of global biodiversity governance. However, the speeches given in the COPs have not been the subject of systematic analyses until now. This study analyzes the host countries’ speeches given at the six most recent COPs and investigates which discourses have been expressed in the speeches. The regulatory discourse that views nature as a resource was found to be the dominant discourse, while other discourses that view nature as a scientific object or a spiritual entity were represented only marginally. As the need for a transformational policy for biodiversity conservation is growing amid a global pandemic, it is essential to deepen our understanding of the dynamics and complexity of nature and reflect it in the policy process. This study suggests that more balanced discourse on biodiversity may earn broader audiences’ consensus on biodiversity conservation.

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Natural Resources, Sustainability, and Intergenerational Ethics

The Oxford Handbook of Intergenerational Ethics ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190881931.013.24 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chris Armstrong

Keyword(s):

Natural Resources ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Global Justice ◽

Resource Conservation ◽

Natural Resource Conservation ◽

The Future ◽

Intergenerational Ethics

This chapter examines a variety of views about the nature of society’s putative duty to conserve natural resources for the future, with a focus on the contested idea of sustainability. This chapter examines competing conceptions of sustainability and their implications for natural resource conservation across generations. Sustainability is a very popular concept, but there are many different positions on what might be called the “sustainability of what?” question. The chapter examines a number of competing views and shows how controversy here has informed the debate between so-called weak and strong conceptions of sustainability. It concludes with an examination of the politics of sustainability, and in particular the connections and possible tensions between goals of natural resource conservation and of global justice.

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The Regulation of Combination

State Politics & Policy Quarterly ◽

10.1177/1532440016674235 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 105-124 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

JoyAnna S. Hopper

Keyword(s):

Environmental Protection ◽

Natural Resource ◽

Resource Conservation ◽

Economic Consequences ◽

Natural Resource Conservation ◽

Design Choice ◽

Control Regulation ◽

And Control ◽

Agency Design ◽

Environmental Agency

In 15 American states, environmental protection agencies perform both pollution-control and natural resource conservation functions. In this study, I examine how this combination of functions affects the regulatory style embraced by these agencies. I find, through interviews with environmental agency workers and empirical analyses using enforcement data from 2010 to 2014, that the cooperation and flexibility with industry inherent to natural resource conservation efforts is a fundamental part of the regulatory process within these combined agencies. Great efforts are made to garner voluntary or negotiated compliance without the possible economic consequences of punitive actions. Enforcements are less frequent and less severe. The effect of this agency design choice is powerful, maintaining its effect even when controlling for political, ideological, and economical pressures. In a time where environmental protection agencies are increasingly interested in incorporating management-based regulation and voluntary compliance to supplement command and control regulation, it is more important than ever to understand the regulation that emerges from this combination.

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