scholarly journals ADDITIONAL SYMMETRIES OF KP, GRASSMANNIAN, AND THE STRING EQUATION II

1993 ◽  
Vol 08 (14) ◽  
pp. 1357-1377 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. DICKEY
Keyword(s):  
String Equation ◽  
Additional Symmetries

Additional symmetries of the dispersionless extended noncommutative Gelfand–Dickey hierarchy

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150145
Author(s):  
Meiyan Hu ◽  
Chuanzhong Li
Keyword(s):  
Algebraic Structure ◽  
String Equation ◽  
Additional Symmetry ◽  
Quantum Torus ◽  
Additional Symmetries

This paper aims at additional symmetries of the unextended and extended, commutative and noncommutative dispersionless Gelfand–Dickey (dGD) hierarchies. Being similar to the Lax formalism of the Gelfand–Dickey (GD) hierarchy, we construct the function [Formula: see text] and Orlov–Schulman function [Formula: see text] of the hierarchies. Meanwhile, the additional symmetry will be studied with the infinite flows of [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] function of the dGD hierarchy and one can find that only a part of additional flows can survive under the GD constraints with the corresponding string equation. Furthermore, we pay attention to the additional symmetries of the dispersionless extended Gelfand–Dickey (dEGD) hierarchy which has a quantum torus algebraic structure and show the flows in detail. The additional symmetry of dispersionless noncommutative Gelfand–Dickey (dNCGD) hierarchy and dispersionless extended noncommutative Gelfand–Dickey (dENCGD) hierarchy are studied.

scholarly journals Additional Symmetries and String Equation of the CKP Hierarchy

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsong He ◽  
Kelei Tian ◽  
Angela Foerster ◽  
Wen-Xiu Ma
Keyword(s):  
String Equation ◽  
Additional Symmetries ◽  
Ckp Hierarchy

scholarly journals ON p – q DUALITY AND EXPLICIT SOLUTIONS IN c ≤ 1 2D GRAVITY MODELS

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (08) ◽  
pp. 1219-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. KHARCHEV ◽  
A. MARSHAKOV
Keyword(s):  
String Theory ◽  
Exact Solutions ◽  
2D Gravity ◽  
Integral Formula ◽  
Integral Representations ◽  
Gravity Models ◽  
Explicit Solutions ◽  
String Equation ◽  
Duality Transformation

We study the role of integral representations in the description of nonperturbative solutions to c ≤ 1 string theory. A generic solution is determined by two functions, W(x) and Q(x), which behave at infinity like xp and xq respectively. The integral formula for arbitrary (p, q) models is derived, which explicitly realizes a duality transformation between (p, q) and (q, p) 2D gravity solutions. We also discuss the exact solutions to the string equation and reduction condition and present several explicit examples.

scholarly journals Solving puzzles in deformed JT gravity: phase transitions and non-perturbative effects

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford V. Johnson ◽  
Felipe Rosso
Keyword(s):  
Phase Structure ◽  
Scalar Potential ◽  
String Equation ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Leading Order ◽  
Classical Analysis ◽  
First Order ◽  
First Order Phase Transition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
First Order Phase

Abstract Recent work has shown that certain deformations of the scalar potential in Jackiw-Teitelboim gravity can be written as double-scaled matrix models. However, some of the deformations exhibit an apparent breakdown of unitarity in the form of a negative spectral density at disc order. We show here that the source of the problem is the presence of a multi-valued solution of the leading order matrix model string equation. While for a class of deformations we fix the problem by identifying a first order phase transition, for others we show that the theory is both perturbatively and non-perturbatively inconsistent. Aspects of the phase structure of the deformations are mapped out, using methods known to supply a non-perturbative definition of undeformed JT gravity. Some features are in qualitative agreement with a semi-classical analysis of the phase structure of two-dimensional black holes in these deformed theories.

The generalized additional symmetries of the two-Toda lattice hierarchy

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 023513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jipeng Cheng ◽  
Ye Tian ◽  
Zhaowen Yan ◽  
Jingsong He
Keyword(s):  
Toda Lattice ◽  
Additional Symmetries ◽  
Toda Lattice Hierarchy

POISSON–LIE GROUPS AND CLASSICAL W-ALGEBRAS

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (05) ◽  
pp. 853-876 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. FATEEV ◽  
S. L. LUKYANOV
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Conformal Field Theory ◽  
Quantum Group ◽  
Lie Groups ◽  
Group Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Poisson Structures ◽  
Additional Symmetries ◽  
Conformal Field ◽  
Poisson Lie Groups

This is the first part of a paper studying the quantum group structure of two-dimensional conformal field theory with additional symmetries. We discuss the properties of the Poisson structures possessing classical W-invariance. The Darboux variables for these Poisson structures are constructed.

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