SDIFF(2) KP HIERARCHY

An analogue of the KP hierarchy, the SDiff(2) KP hierarchy, related to the group of area-preserving diffeomorphisms on a cylinder is proposed. An improved Lax formalism of the KP hierarchy is shown to give a prototype of this new hierarchy. Two important potentials, S and τ, are introduced. The latter is a counterpart of the tau function of the ordinary KP hierarchy. A Riemann-Hilbert problem relative to the group of area-diffeomorphisms gives a twistor theoretical description (nonlinear gravition construction) of general solutions. A special family of solutions related to topological minimal models are identified in the framework of the Riemann-Hilbert problem. Further, infinitesimal symmetries of the hierarchy are constructed. At the level of the tau function, these symmetries obey anomalous commutation relations, hence leads to a central extension of the algebra of infinitesimal area-preserving diffeomorphisms (or of the associated Poisson algebra).

Download Full-text

On the Modular Operator of Mutli-component Regions in Chiral CFT

Communications in Mathematical Physics ◽

10.1007/s00220-021-04054-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Stefan Hollands

Keyword(s):

Field Theory ◽

Integral Equation ◽

Hilbert Problem ◽

Matrix Elements ◽

New Approach ◽

Conformal Field ◽

The Matrix ◽

Kms Condition ◽

Modular Operator ◽

Riemann Hilbert Problem

AbstractWe introduce a new approach to find the Tomita–Takesaki modular flow for multi-component regions in general chiral conformal field theory. Our method is based on locality and analyticity of primary fields as well as the so-called Kubo–Martin–Schwinger (KMS) condition. These features can be used to transform the problem to a Riemann–Hilbert problem on a covering of the complex plane cut along the regions, which is equivalent to an integral equation for the matrix elements of the modular Hamiltonian. Examples are considered.

Download Full-text

Padé approximants on Riemann surfaces and KP tau functions

Analysis and Mathematical Physics ◽

10.1007/s13324-021-00585-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Marco Bertola

Keyword(s):

Riemann Surface ◽

Riemann Surfaces ◽

Hilbert Problem ◽

Line Bundles ◽

Fixed Degree ◽

Tau Function ◽

Tau Functions ◽

Deformation Parameters ◽

Higher Genus ◽

Geometric Solutions

AbstractThe paper has two relatively distinct but connected goals; the first is to define the notion of Padé approximation of Weyl–Stiltjes transforms on an arbitrary compact Riemann surface of higher genus. The data consists of a contour in the Riemann surface and a measure on it, together with the additional datum of a local coordinate near a point and a divisor of degree g. The denominators of the resulting Padé-like approximation also satisfy an orthogonality relation and are sections of appropriate line bundles. A Riemann–Hilbert problem for a square matrix of rank two is shown to characterize these orthogonal sections, in a similar fashion to the ordinary orthogonal polynomial case. The second part extends this idea to explore its connection to integrable systems. The same data can be used to define a pairing between two sequences of line bundles. The locus in the deformation space where the pairing becomes degenerate for fixed degree coincides with the zeros of a “tau” function. We show how this tau function satisfies the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili hierarchy with respect to either deformation parameters, and a certain modification of the 2-Toda hierarchy when considering the whole sequence of tau functions. We also show how this construction is related to the Krichever construction of algebro-geometric solutions.

Download Full-text

Intertwining operator and integrable hierarchies from topological strings

Journal of High Energy Physics ◽

10.1007/jhep05(2021)216 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Jean-Emile Bourgine

Keyword(s):

Topological Strings ◽

Vertex Operator ◽

Integrable Hierarchies ◽

Kp Hierarchy ◽

Tau Function ◽

Time Deformation ◽

Toroidal Algebra ◽

Crystal Model ◽

Melting Crystal ◽

Definition Of

Abstract In [1], Nakatsu and Takasaki have shown that the melting crystal model behind the topological strings vertex provides a tau-function of the KP hierarchy after an appropriate time deformation. We revisit their derivation with a focus on the underlying quantum W1+∞ symmetry. Specifically, we point out the role played by automorphisms and the connection with the intertwiner — or vertex operator — of the algebra. This algebraic perspective allows us to extend part of their derivation to the refined melting crystal model, lifting the algebra to the quantum toroidal algebra of $$ \mathfrak{gl} $$ gl (1) (also called Ding-Iohara-Miki algebra). In this way, we take a first step toward the definition of deformed hierarchies associated to A-model refined topological strings.

Download Full-text