TRANSLATIONAL ENTANGLEMENT BY COLLISIONS AND HALF-COLLISIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (11n13) ◽  
pp. 1648-1660
Author(s):  
LIOR FISCH ◽  
ASSAF TAL ◽  
GERSHON KURIZKI
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Resonance Width ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cold Molecule ◽  
Conceptual Difficulties

Here we aim at setting the principles of and quantifying translational entanglement by collisions and half-collisions. In collisions, the resonance width s and the initial phase-space distributions are shown to determine the degree of post-collisional momentum entanglement. Half-collisions (dissociation) are shown to yield different types of approximate EPR states. We analyse a feasible realization of translational EPR entanglement and teleportation via cold-molecule Raman dissociation and subsequent collisions, resolving both practical and conceptual difficulties it has faced so far.

TRANSLATIONAL ENTANGLEMENT AND TELEPORTATION OF MATTER WAVEPACKETS BY COLLISIONS AND HALF-COLLISIONS

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (26) ◽  
pp. 3897-3921
Author(s):  
L. FISCH ◽  
A. TAL ◽  
G. KURIZKI
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Sufficient Accuracy ◽  
Matter Wave ◽  
Entangled State ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Epr Pair ◽  
Cold Molecule ◽  
Epr State ◽  
Conceptual Difficulties

To date, the translationally-entangled state originally proposed by Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) in 1935 has not been experimentally realized for massive particles. Opatrný and Kurizki [Phys. Rev. Lett.86, 3180 (2000)] have suggested the creation of a position- and momentum-correlated, i.e., translationally-entangled, pair of particles approximating the EPR state by dissociation of cold diatomic molecules, and further manipulation of the EPR pair effecting matter-wave teleportation. Here we aim at setting the principles of and quantifying translational entanglement by collisions and half-collisions. In collisions, the resonance width s and the initial phase-space distributions are shown to determine the degree of post-collisional momentum entanglement. Half-collisions (dissociation) are shown to yield different types of approximate EPR states. We analyse a feasible realization of translational EPR entanglement and teleportation via cold-molecule Raman dissociation and subsequent collisions, resolving both practical and conceptual difficulties it has faced so far: How to avoid entanglement loss due to the wavepacket spreading of the dissociation fragments? How to measure both position and momentum correlations of the dissociation fragments with sufficient accuracy to verify their EPR correlations? How to reliably perform two-particle (Bell) position and momentum measurements on one of the fragments and the wavepacket to be teleported?

A model to determine the initial phase space of a clinical electron beam from measured beam data

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
J J Janssen ◽  
E W Korevaar ◽  
L J van Battum ◽  
P R M Storchi ◽  
H Huizenga
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Initial Phase

scholarly journals Chaotic ray propagation in corrugated layers

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1003-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bottiglieri ◽  
S. De Martino ◽  
M. Falanga ◽  
C. Godano
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Chaotic Behaviour ◽  
Kam Theorem ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Corrugated Wall

Abstract. The aim of this paper is to study the effects of a corrugated wall on the behaviour of propagating rays. Different types of corrugation are considered, using different distributions of the corrugation heights: white Gaussian, power law, self-affine perturbation. In phase space, a prevalent chaotic behaviour of rays, and the presence of a lot of caustics, are observed. These results entail that the KAM theorem is not fulfilled.

WEAK DISSIPATION IN A HAMILTONIAN MAP

1994 ◽  
Vol 04 (04) ◽  
pp. 921-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAÚL J. MONDRAGÓN C. ◽  
PETER H. RICHTER
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Hamiltonian System ◽  
Periodic Orbits ◽  
Adiabatic Invariance ◽  
Bifurcation Tree ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Weak Dissipation ◽  
Hamiltonian Map

The dynamics of a bouncing ball reflected off a harmonic spring is investigated, with weak dissipation of three different types. The phase space is found to be organized into a system of tubes that wind around the branches of the bifurcation tree of periodic orbits of the Hamiltonian system. Instead of attraction towards special periodic orbits we observe a kind of piecewise adiabatic invariance of the tubes, with jumps occurring when the branches penetrate each other.

scholarly journals -BOUNDS FOR PSEUDO-DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS ON COMPACT LIE GROUPS

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio Delgado ◽  
Michael Ruzhansky
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Vector Fields ◽  
Differential Operators ◽  
Compact Lie Group ◽  
Compact Lie Groups ◽  
Pseudo Differential Operators ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Unitary Dual ◽  
Laplacian Operators ◽  
Noncommutative Analogue

Given a compact Lie group$G$, in this paper we establish$L^{p}$-bounds for pseudo-differential operators in$L^{p}(G)$. The criteria here are given in terms of the concept of matrix symbols defined on the noncommutative analogue of the phase space$G\times \widehat{G}$, where$\widehat{G}$is the unitary dual of$G$. We obtain two different types of$L^{p}$bounds: first for finite regularity symbols and second for smooth symbols. The conditions for smooth symbols are formulated using$\mathscr{S}_{\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C},\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}}^{m}(G)$classes which are a suitable extension of the well-known$(\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C},\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF})$ones on the Euclidean space. The results herein extend classical$L^{p}$bounds established by C. Fefferman on$\mathbb{R}^{n}$. While Fefferman’s results have immediate consequences on general manifolds for$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}>\max \{\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF},1-\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}\}$, our results do not require the condition$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}>1-\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$. Moreover, one of our results also does not require$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}>\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$. Examples are given for the case of$\text{SU}(2)\cong \mathbb{S}^{3}$and vector fields/sub-Laplacian operators when operators in the classes$\mathscr{S}_{0,0}^{m}$and$\mathscr{S}_{\frac{1}{2},0}^{m}$naturally appear, and where conditions$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}>\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$and$\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}>1-\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}$fail, respectively.

scholarly journals Phase-Space Correlations among Systems of Satellite Galaxies

Galaxies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Marcel S. Pawlowski
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Local Group ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Satellite Galaxy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Motion Measurements ◽  
Satellite Galaxies ◽  
Observational Knowledge

Driven by the increasingly complete observational knowledge of systems of satellite galaxies, mutual spatial alignments and relations in velocities among satellites belonging to a common host have become a productive field of research. Numerous studies have investigated different types of such phase-space correlations and were met with varying degrees of attention by the community. The Planes of Satellite Galaxies issue is maybe the best-known example, with a rich field of research literature and an ongoing, controversial debate on how much of a challenge it poses to the ΛCDM model of cosmology. Another type of correlation, the apparent excess of close pairs of dwarf galaxies, has received considerably less attention despite its reported tension with ΛCDM expectations. With the fast expansion of proper motion measurements in recent years, largely driven by the Gaia mission, other peculiar phase-space correlations have been uncovered among the satellites of the Milky Way. Examples are the apparent tangential velocity excess of satellites compared to cosmological expectations, and the unexpected preference of satellites to be close to their pericenters. At the same time, other kinds of correlations have been found to be more in line with cosmological expectations—specifically, lopsided satellite galaxy systems and the accretion of groups of satellite galaxies. The latter has mostly been studied in cosmological simulations thus far, but it offers the potential to address some of the other issues by providing a way to produce correlations among the orbits of a group’s satellite galaxy members. This review is the first to provide an introduction to the highly active field of phase-space correlations among satellite galaxy systems. The emphasis is on summarizing existing, recent research and highlighting interdependencies between the different, currently almost exclusively individually considered types of correlations. Future prospects in light of upcoming observational facilities and our ever-expanding knowledge of satellite galaxy systems beyond the Local Group are also briefly discussed.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL DIFFICULTIES PRE-SERVICE PRIMARY TEACHERS HAVE WITH STATIC ELECTRICITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-313
Author(s):  
Constantina G. Stefanidou ◽  
Konstantina D. Tsalapati ◽  
Anastasia M. Ferentinou ◽  
Constantine D. Skordoulis
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Primary Teachers ◽  
Static Electricity ◽  
Considerable Difficulty ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Microscopic Models ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Conceptual Difficulties

Static electricity is the introductory chapter to electricity in all high school and university Physics textbooks. The interpretations of static electricity phenomena are not obvious, even in higher education. This research was conducted to identify the major difficulties which pre-service primary teachers encounter in explaining static electricity. They conducted electrostatic experiments focused on different types of electricity, in the context of an Introductory Physics Laboratory Course. The data were collected through the reports they wrote at the end of the course. The qualitative content analysis method was used in order to analyze the data. The sample, which was a convenient one, consisted of 200 pre-service primary teachers, 170 females and 30 males. The analysis showed that pre-service primary teachers have considerable difficulty conceptualizing the microscopic processes – more specifically, charging by induction – that explain these phenomena. The different roles electrons play in conductors and insulators seemed to pose difficulties for pre-service primary teachers. The findings implied an emphasis on microscopic models during macroscopic experimental processes. This could help pre-service primary teachers to understand the role of electrons in conductors and insulators and the different mechanisms involved in different types of charging. Keywords: conceptual difficulties, content analysis, static electricity.

TH-E-220-02: Spatial Resolution of Proton Tomography: Methods, Initial Phase Space and Object Thickness

2011 ◽  
Vol 38 (6Part36) ◽  
pp. 3878-3879
Author(s):  
U Schneider ◽  
E Pedroni ◽  
M Hartmann ◽  
T Lomax
Keyword(s):  
Phase Space ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Initial Phase

RESONANCES IN SYSTEMS WITH TWO DIFFERENT TYPES OF HEAT TRANSFER

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (23) ◽  
pp. 1230015 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. NEMCHENKO ◽  
S. ROGOVA
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Thermodynamic Parameters ◽  
Heat Wave ◽  
Double Layer ◽  
Superfluid Helium ◽  
Resonance Width ◽  
Layer System ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Double Layer System ◽  
Analytical Expressions

Heat transfer in double-layer systems with superfluid helium as one of the layers is studied in this paper. Double-layer systems like heater-helium and helium-detector were considered. The limiting cases of the relation of the non-helium layer length and the length of the heat wave in it were investigated. The unusual resonances were found in the double-layer system helium-detector. Analytical expressions for width and amplitudes of these resonances were obtained. At the same time it was found that the resonance width in helium can be determined not by the dissipative properties of helium, but by the thermodynamic parameters of the detector.

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