Citrate complexing sol–gel process of lead-free (K,Na)NbO3 ferroelectric films
2016 ◽
Vol 30
(13)
◽
pp. 1650157
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Keyword(s):
Sol Gel
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The citrate complexing sol–gel process to fabricate lead-free (K,[Formula: see text]Na)NbO3 ferroelectric thin films was studied. Soluble niobium source of niobium–citric acid (Nb–CA) solution was utilized as a raw material to synthesize (K,[Formula: see text]Na)NbO3 thin films, by pyrolyzing at 450–550[Formula: see text]C and annealing at 650[Formula: see text]C. The film pyrolyzed at 450[Formula: see text]C shows poor crystallization with porous morphology, whereas the film pyrolyzed at 550[Formula: see text]C appear to be well-crystallized and denser, and the ferroelectricity was also proved by the [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] hysteresis loop measurement.