The effects of electron and hole transport layer with the electrode work function on perovskite solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (27) ◽  
pp. 1650341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quanrong Deng ◽  
Yiqi Li ◽  
Lian Chen ◽  
Shenggao Wang ◽  
Geming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Work Function ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Interface Defects

The effects of electron and hole transport layer with the electrode work function on perovskite solar cells with the interface defects were simulated by using analysis of microelectronic and photonic structures-one-dimensional (AMPS-1D) software. The simulation results suggest that TiO2 electron transport layer provides best device performance with conversion efficiency of 25.9% compared with ZnO and CdS. The threshold value of back electrode work function for Spiro-OMeTAD, NiO, CuI and Cu2O hole transport layer are calculated to be 4.9, 4.8, 4.7 and 4.9 eV, respectively, to reach the highest conversion efficiency. The mechanisms of device physics with various electron and hole transport materials are discussed in details. The device performance deteriorates gradually as the increased density of interface defects located at ETM/absorber or absorber/HTM. This research results can provide helpful guidance for materials and metal electrode choice for perovskite solar cells.

Interface engineering using a perovskite derivative phase for efficient and stable CsPbBr3 solar cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (29) ◽  
pp. 14255-14261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Li ◽  
Guoqing Tong ◽  
Taotao Chen ◽  
Hanwen Zhu ◽  
Guopeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Energy Barrier ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Interface Engineering ◽  
Interface Defects

A derivative-phase CsPb2Br5 is introduced into inorganic perovskite solar cells, which will effectively eliminate interface defects, lower the energy barrier of electron transport layer and suppress the recombination at the interface of hole transport layer in the devices.

scholarly journals Solid-State Solar Cells Based on TiO2 Nanowires and CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 404
Author(s):  
Abdul Sami ◽  
Arsalan Ansari ◽  
Muhammad Dawood Idrees ◽  
Muhammad Musharraf Alam ◽  
Junaid Imtiaz
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Light Trapping ◽  
Active Material ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Tio2 Nanowires

Perovskite inorganic-organic solar cells are fabricated as a sandwich structure of mesostructured TiO2 as electron transport layer (ETL), CH3NH3PbI3 as active material layer (AML), and Spiro-OMeTAD as hole transport layer (HTL). The crystallinity, structural morphology, and thickness of TiO2 layer play a crucial role to improve the overall device performance. The randomly distributed one dimensional (1D) TiO2 nanowires (TNWs) provide excellent light trapping with open voids for active filling of visible light absorber compared to bulk TiO2. Solid-state photovoltaic devices based on randomly distributed TNWs and CH3NH3PbI3 are fabricated with high open circuit voltage Voc of 0.91 V, with conversion efficiency (CE) of 7.4%. Mott-Schottky analysis leads to very high built-in potential (Vbi) ranging from 0.89 to 0.96 V which indicate that there is no depletion layer voltage modulation in the perovskite solar cells fabricated with TNWs of different lengths. Moreover, finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis revealed larger fraction of photo-generated charges due to light trapping and distribution due to field convergence via guided modes, and improved light trapping capability at the interface of TNWs/CH3NH3PbI3 compared to bulk TiO2.

scholarly journals Application of MXenes in Perovskite Solar Cells: A Short Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2151
Author(s):  
Syed Shah ◽  
Muhammad Sayyad ◽  
Karim Khan ◽  
Jinghua Sun ◽  
Zhongyi Guo
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Carrier Mobility ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties

Application of MXene materials in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has attracted considerable attention owing to their supreme electrical conductivity, excellent carrier mobility, adjustable surface functional groups, excellent transparency and superior mechanical properties. This article reviews the progress made so far in using Ti3C2Tx MXene materials in the building blocks of perovskite solar cells such as electrodes, hole transport layer (HTL), electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite photoactive layer. Moreover, we provide an outlook on the exciting opportunities this recently developed field offers, and the challenges faced in effectively incorporating MXene materials in the building blocks of PSCs for better operational stability and enhanced performance.

scholarly journals Simulation studies on the electron transport layer based perovskite solar cell to achieve high photovoltaic efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (2) ◽  
pp. 022011
Author(s):  
Rui Huang ◽  
Jiyu Tang
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Cupric Oxide ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Photo Voltaic

Abstract Perovskite solar cells have attracted the attention of the researchers in the last couple of years as a potential photovoltaic device. However, the use of expensive hole transport materials (HTM) in these devices often restricts their commercial adaptability. Thus exploring cost-effective, efficient HTL and ETL materials remain an important challenge to the researchers. In this work, simulation studies are carried out considering cupric oxide (CuO), a relatively inexpensive material as hole transport materials for planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells. The photo-voltaic performance of CuO based hole transport layer (HTL) has been estimated in combination with several electron transport materials (ETM) that include TiO2,SnO2,ZnO, CdS, ZnSe,PCBM and Cd1-xZnxS. Studies predict that among these materials, the Cd1-xZnxS electron transport layer (ETL) could be the most promising to result high photo-voltaic efficiency in combination to CuO based HTL. Also, the thickness and optical band gap of perovskite absorber are optimized in order to achieve maximum photo-voltaic efficiency. The cell efficiency of FTO / Cd1-xZnxS/CH3NH3PbI3/CuO/carbon structure is predicted 25.24% under optimized operational conditions with Voc, Jsc and Fill Factor of 1.1eV,26.32mA/cm2 and 87.14% respectively.

scholarly journals The Way to Pursue Truly High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu ◽  
Thakur ◽  
Chiang ◽  
Chandel ◽  
Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Photovoltaic Performance ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hot Electrons ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Hot Carriers ◽  
Potential Loss

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single-junction solar cells was theoretically predicted to be limited by the Shockley–Queisser limit due to the intrinsic potential loss of the photo-excited electrons in the light absorbing materials. Up to now, the optimized GaAs solar cell has the highest PCE of 29.1%, which is close to the theoretical limit of ~33%. To pursue the perfect photovoltaic performance, it is necessary to extend the lifetimes of the photo-excited carriers (hot electrons and hot holes) and to collect the hot carriers without potential loss. Thanks to the long-lived hot carriers in perovskite crystal materials, it is possible to completely convert the photon energy to electrical power when the hot electrons and hot holes can freely transport in the quantized energy levels of the electron transport layer and hole transport layer, respectively. In order to achieve the ideal PCE, the interactions between photo-excited carriers and phonons in perovskite solar cells has to be completely understood.

scholarly journals Modification of NiOx hole transport layer for acceleration of charge extraction in inverted perovskite solar cells

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 12289-12296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zezhu Jin ◽  
Yanru Guo ◽  
Shuai Yuan ◽  
Jia-Shang Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Min Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Charge Transport ◽  
Surface Property ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Charge Extraction

The NiOx layer modified with NiOx nanoparticles obtains surface property optimization and energy level modulation, thus improving charge transport and device performance.

Effect of NiO Precursor Solution Ageing on the Perovskite Film Formation and Their Integration as Hole Transport Material for Perovskite Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 3710-3717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arjun Singh ◽  
Rahul Ranjan ◽  
Sudhir Ranjan ◽  
Anand Singh ◽  
Ashish Garg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Device Performance ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Nio Films

Exceptional progress in the performance of perovskite solar cells in a very short time has made it a potential photovoltaic technology for future deployment. The compositional engineering in perovskite materials and other buffer layers makes it a feasible candidate for commercial applications in the near future. However, there are certain challenges associated with these devices which need to be addressed such as device stability, process dependent device efficiency, hole transport layer (HTL) etc. The device performance is highly dependent on the processing parameters of the precursors. Understanding the origin of this challenge is very crucial for reproducible device performance. In this work, we have focused on utilizing NiO as a HTL in planar perovskite solar cells and studied the ageing effect of NiO precursor solution on the perovskite film quality in terms of crystallinity, grain growth, surface morphology, and overall device performance. It is observed that the ageing of NiO precursor promotes the formation of NiO films with increased roughness which improves the perovskite film quality. Structural and morphological studies revealed that the perovskite films formed on aged NiO films were highly crystalline in nature, uniform and with larger grain size. Current– voltage characteristics under illumination show that the films casted from NiO aged solution are better for perovskite solar cell applications and result in reduced parasitic resistances and enhanced charge transport.

scholarly journals Fabrication of Organolead Iodide Perovskite Solar Cells with Niobium-doped Titanium Dioxide as Compact Layer

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Nguyen Tran Thuat ◽  
Bui Bao Thoa ◽  
Nguyen Bao Tran ◽  
Nguyen Minh Tu ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Minh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Power Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Power Conversion ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Electron Transport Layer ◽  
Niobium Doped

Organometal halide perovskite materials have shown high potential as light absorbers for photovoltaic applications. In this work, perovskite planar solar cells were fabricated on corning substrates with the structure as follows: the first layer made of tantalum-doped tin oxide as transparent contact material, followed by sputtering niobium-doped titanium oxide as the compact electron transport layer; covered with perovskite CH3NH3PbI3 as the light harvester by combination between spin-coating and dipping methods; CuSCN was evaporated as the hole transport layer; the final thin Al/Ag electrodes were deposited. This configuration is shortly described as Al/TTO/NTO/CH3NH3PbI3/CuSCN/Ag. Such heterojunctions are expected to be suitable for the development of efficient hybrid solar cells. The fabricated cells were measured under the air mass 1.5 illumination condition, showed the rectification effect and exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 0.007%, with a open circuit voltage of 53.2 mV, a short circuit current of 0.36 mA/cm2, and a form factor of 37%. The power conversion efficiency will be further optimized in near future.

scholarly journals A Brief Review of the Role of 2D Mxene Nanosheets toward Solar Cells Efficiency Improvement

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 2732
Author(s):  
T. F. Alhamada ◽  
M. A. Azmah Hanim ◽  
D. W. Jung ◽  
A. A. Nuraini ◽  
W. Z. Wan Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Perovskite Solar Cells ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Hole Transport ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Hole Transport Layer ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Quality Cost ◽  
Research Issues

This article discusses the application of two-dimensional metal MXenes in solar cells (SCs), which has attracted a lot of interest due to their outstanding transparency, metallic electrical conductivity, and mechanical characteristics. In addition, some application examples of MXenes as an electrode, additive, and electron/hole transport layer in perovskite solar cells are described individually, with essential research issues highlighted. Firstly, it is imperative to comprehend the conversion efficiency of solar cells and the difficulties of effectively incorporating metal MXenes into the building blocks of solar cells to improve stability and operational performance. Based on the analysis of new articles, several ideas have been generated to advance the exploration of the potential of MXene in SCs. In addition, research into other relevant MXene suitable in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is required to enhance the relevant work. Therefore, we identify new perspectives to achieve solar cell power conversion efficiency with an excellent quality–cost ratio.

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