Finding Method and Analysis of Hidden Chaotic Attractors for Plasma Chaotic System From Physical and Mechanistic Perspectives
A method for finding hidden chaotic attractors in the plasma system is presented. Using the Routh–Hurwitz criterion, the stability distribution associated with two parameters is identified to find the region around the equilibrium points of the stable nodes, stable focus-nodes, saddles and saddle-foci for the purpose of investigating hidden chaos. A physical interpretation is provided of the stability distribution for each type of equilibrium point. The basin of attraction and parameter region of hidden chaos are identified by excluding the self-excited chaotic attractors of all equilibrium points. Homotopy and numerical continuation are also employed to check whether the basin of chaotic attraction intersects with the neighborhood of a saddle equilibrium. Bifurcation analysis, phase portrait analysis, and basins of different dynamical attraction are used as tools to distinguish visually the self-excited chaotic attractor and hidden chaotic attractor. The Casimir power reflects the error power between the dissipative energy and the energy supplied by the whistler field. It explains physically, analytically, and numerically the conditions that generate the different dynamics, such as sinks, periodic orbits, and chaos.