scholarly journals Looking for quark saturation in proton and nuclei

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhu ◽  
Rong Wang ◽  
Jianhong Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Dglap Equation ◽  
Numeric Solution ◽  
Dynamical Balance

The quark saturation behavior at low [Formula: see text] is shown in a numeric solution of the DGLAP equation with parton recombination corrections, which resembles the widely discussed JIMWLK saturation of gluons. Our calculation suggests that the partonic saturation can be interpreted as a dynamical balance between the splitting and the fusion processes of partons, without any other condensation mechanisms added. The nuclear shadowing saturation at small [Formula: see text] resulted from the proposed quark saturation is also discussed.

Influence of Partial Blocking of the Electrode Surface on the Transfer Coefficients

1993 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 496-505
Author(s):  
Ondřej Wein
Keyword(s):  
Surface Activity ◽  
Elliptic Problem ◽  
Electrode Surface ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Transfer Coefficients ◽  
Constant Potential ◽  
Numeric Solution ◽  
Active Zones ◽  
Partial Blocking

Partial blocking of the transport surface under the stagnant (nerst) layer is simulated by periodically alternating bands of perfectly insulating zones and active zones with a constant potential of driving force. The numeric solution of the corresponding two-dimensional elliptic problem is represented by a simple empirical correlation for the transfer coefficients. The result is interpreted in terms of a simple electrochemical problem about limiting diffusion currents at electrodes with non-uniform surface activity.

The Dynamical Balance of Flow in the Menai Strait

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Campbell ◽  
J.H. Simpson ◽  
G.L. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical Balance

scholarly journals Detection of a climatological short break in the Polar Night Jet in early winter and its relation to cooling over Siberia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuta Ando ◽  
Koji Yamazaki ◽  
Yoshihiro Tachibana ◽  
Masayo Ogi ◽  
Jinro Ukita
Keyword(s):  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Heat Capacities ◽  
Planetary Waves ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Polar Night ◽  
Dynamical Balance

Abstract. The Polar Night Jet (PNJ) is a strong stratospheric westerly circumpolar wind at around 65° N in winter, and the strength of the climatological PNJ is widely recognized to increase monotonically from October through late December. Remarkably, the climatological PNJ temporarily stops increasing during late November. We examined this short break in terms of the atmospheric dynamical balance and found that it results from an increase in the upward propagation of climatological planetary waves from the troposphere to the stratosphere in late November, which coincides with a maximum of the climatological Eliassen–Palm flux convergence in the lower stratosphere. The upward propagation of planetary waves at 100 hPa, which is strongest over Siberia, is related to the climatological strengthening of the tropospheric trough over Siberia. We suggest that longitudinally asymmetric forcing by land–sea heating contrasts caused by their different heat capacities can account for the strengthening of the trough.

scholarly journals Cost and benefits of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats spacer acquisition

2019 ◽  
Vol 374 (1772) ◽  
pp. 20180095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Bradde ◽  
Thierry Mora ◽  
Aleksandra M. Walczak
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Strategies ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Acquisition Rate ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Immune Systems ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Dynamical Balance ◽  
Adaptive Immune Systems

Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas-mediated immunity in bacteria allows bacterial populations to protect themselves against pathogens. However, it also exposes them to the dangers of auto-immunity by developing protection that targets its own genome. Using a simple model of the coupled dynamics of phage and bacterial populations, we explore how acquisition rates affect the probability of the bacterial colony going extinct. We find that the optimal strategy depends on the initial population sizes of both viruses and bacteria. Additionally, certain combinations of acquisition and dynamical rates and initial population sizes guarantee protection, owing to a dynamical balance between the evolving population sizes, without relying on acquisition of viral spacers. Outside this regime, the high cost of auto-immunity limits the acquisition rate. We discuss these optimal strategies that minimize the probability of the colony going extinct in terms of recent experiments. This article is part of a discussion meeting issue ‘The ecology and evolution of prokaryotic CRISPR-Cas adaptive immune systems’.

Breaking waves and the equilibrium range of wind-wave spectra

1997 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 377-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. BELCHER ◽  
J. C. VASSILICOS
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Wind Wave ◽  
Breaking Waves ◽  
Breaking Wave ◽  
Wave Spectra ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
Self Similar ◽  
Dynamical Properties ◽  
Dynamical Balance ◽  
Equilibrium Range

When scaled properly, the high-wavenumber and high-frequency parts of wind-wave spectra collapse onto universal curves. This collapse has been attributed to a dynamical balance and so these parts of the spectra have been called the equilibrium range. We develop a model for this equilibrium range based on kinematical and dynamical properties of breaking waves. Data suggest that breaking waves have high curvature at their crests, and they are modelled here as waves with discontinuous slope at their crests. Spectra are then dominated by these singularities in slope. The equilibrium range is assumed to be scale invariant, meaning that there is no privileged lengthscale. This assumption implies that: (i) the sharp-crested breaking waves have self-similar shapes, so that large breaking waves are magnified copies of the smaller breaking waves; and (ii) statistical properties of breaking waves, such as the average total length of breaking-wave fronts of a given scale, vary with the scale of the breaking waves as a power law, parameterized here with exponent D.

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