scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF MUSCLE STRENGTH EFFECTS ON EXERCISE PERFORMANCE USING DYNAMIC STABILIZATION EXERCISE DEVICE

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (09) ◽  
pp. 2040004
Author(s):  
KAP-SOO HAN ◽  
SEUNG-ROK KANG ◽  
TAE-KYU KWON
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Body Tilt ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Stabilization Exercise ◽  
Spine Stabilization ◽  
Exercise Effect ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis

Muscle strength may vary depending on the pathological issues and static life habits. These conditions lead to abnormal spinal loads and change muscle strength as well as activation patterns, thereby causing spinal disorders. In this study, the effects of muscle strength on the spine stabilization exercise were analyzed using a whole-body tilt device. Musculoskeletal modeling was performed and the results were validated through a comparison with the electromyography (EMG) analysis results. Based on the validated basic model, modeling was performed for the whole-body tilt device. To examine the exercise effect and muscle activation while the maximum muscle force capacity (MFC) was varied from 30[Formula: see text]N/cm2 to 60[Formula: see text]N/cm2 and 90[Formula: see text]N/cm2, the muscle force was predicted through inverse dynamics analysis. When MFC was 30[Formula: see text]N/cm2, the posterior direction of the tilt could not be analyzed (no solution found). When MFC was 60[Formula: see text]N/cm2, it could be analyzed, but the muscle force was predicted to be higher compared to when MFC was 90[Formula: see text]N/cm2. It was confirmed that muscle strength is a very important element for maintaining postural activities and performing exercise. Therefore, for rehabilitation patients and elderly people with weak muscle strength, hard or extreme exercise may cause musculoskeletal injuries.

ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTS OF SPINE STABILIZATION EXERCISES USING A WHOLE BODY TILT DEVICE ON MUSCLE FORCES IN THE SPINE

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (06) ◽  
pp. 1440003
Author(s):  
KAP-SOO HAN ◽  
CHANG HO YU ◽  
MYOUNG-HWAN KO ◽  
TAE KYU KWON
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Body Tilt ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Muscle Forces ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Muscle Strengthening ◽  
Spine Stabilization ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis ◽  
The Right

The objective of the study was to investigate the effects of 3D stabilization exercises using a whole body tilt device on forces in the trunk, such as individual muscle forces and activation patterns, maximum muscle activities and spine loads. For this sake, a musculoskeletal (MS) model of the whole body was developed, and an inverse dynamics analysis was performed to predict the forces on the spine. An EMG measurement experiment was conducted to validate the muscle forces and activation patterns. The MS model was rotated and tilted in eight different directions: anterior (A), posterior (P), anterior right (AR), posterior right (PR), anterior left (AL), posterior left (PL), right (R) and left (L), replicating the directions of the 3D spine balance exercise device, as performed in the experiment. The anterior directions of the tilt primarily induced the activation of long and superficial back muscles and the posterior directions activated the front muscles. However, deep muscles, such as short muscles and multifidi, were activated in all directions of the tilt. The resultant joint forces in the right and left directions of the tilt were the least among the directions, but higher muscle activations and more diverse muscle recruitments than other positions were observed. Therefore, these directions of tilt may be suitable for the elderly and rehabilitation patients who require muscle strengthening with less spinal loads. In the present investigation, it was shown that 3D stabilization exercises could provide considerable muscle exercise effects with a minimum perturbation of structure. The results of this study can be used to provide safety guidelines for muscle exercises using this type of tilting device. Therefore, the proposed direction of tilt can be used to strengthen targeted muscles, depending on the patients' muscular condition.

Effects of human stature and muscle strength on the standing strategies: A computational biomechanical study

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (7) ◽  
pp. 674-685
Author(s):  
Mohammed N Ashtiani ◽  
Mahmood-Reza Azghani ◽  
Mohamad Parnianpour ◽  
Kinda Khalaf
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Biomechanical Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Tall Stature ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Hamstring Muscles

It has been hypothesized that the muscular efforts exerted during standing may be altered by changes in personal factors, such as the body stature and muscular strength. The goal of this work was to assess the contribution of leg muscles using a biomechanical model in different physical conditions and various initial postures. An optimized inverse dynamics model was employed to find the maximum muscular effort in 23,040 postures. The simulation results showed that mid-range knee flexion could help the healthy and strong individuals maintain balance, but those with weaker muscle strength required more knee flexion. Individuals of weak muscular constitution as well as those with tall stature are at the highest risk of imbalance/falling. The number of imbalanced postures due to deficits in the calf and hamstring muscles was reduced by 7.5 times by strengthening the whole body musculature. The calf and the hamstring muscles play a key role in balance regardless of stature.

Elastic ankle exoskeletons reduce soleus muscle force but not work in human hopping

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (5) ◽  
pp. 579-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic James Farris ◽  
Benjamin D. Robertson ◽  
Gregory S. Sawicki
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Plantar Flexion ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Metabolic Power ◽  
Force Peak ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis

Inspired by elastic energy storage and return in tendons of human leg muscle-tendon units (MTU), exoskeletons often place a spring in parallel with an MTU to assist the MTU. However, this might perturb the normally efficient MTU mechanics and actually increase active muscle mechanical work. This study tested the effects of elastic parallel assistance on MTU mechanics. Participants hopped with and without spring-loaded ankle exoskeletons that assisted plantar flexion. An inverse dynamics analysis, combined with in vivo ultrasound imaging of soleus fascicles and surface electromyography, was used to determine muscle-tendon mechanics and activations. Whole body net metabolic power was obtained from indirect calorimetry. When hopping with spring-loaded exoskeletons, soleus activation was reduced (30–70%) and so was the magnitude of soleus force (peak force reduced by 30%) and the average rate of soleus force generation (by 50%). Although forces were lower, average positive fascicle power remained unchanged, owing to increased fascicle excursion (+4–5 mm). Net metabolic power was reduced with exoskeleton assistance (19%). These findings highlighted that parallel assistance to a muscle with appreciable series elasticity may have some negative consequences, and that the metabolic cost associated with generating force may be more pronounced than the cost of doing work for these muscles.

Gait Analysis Using Multibody Simulation Tools and Inverse Dynamics Procedures

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Silva ◽  
Jorge Ambro´sio
Keyword(s):  
Gait Analysis ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Natural Coordinates ◽  
Kinematic Constraints ◽  
Biomechanical Models ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis

The use of inverse dynamics methodologies for the evaluation of intersegmental reaction forces and the moments-of-force at the anatomical joints, in the framework of gait analysis, not only requires that appropriate biomechanical models are used but also that kinematic and kinetic data sets are available. This paper discusses the quality of the results of the inverse dynamics analysis with respect to the filtering procedures used and the kinematic consistency of the position, velocity and acceleration data. A three-dimensional whole body response biomechanical model based on a multibody formulation with natural coordinates is used. The model has 16 anatomical segments that are described using 33 rigid bodies in a total of 44 degrees-of-freedom. In biomechanical applications, one of the advantages of the current formulation is that the set of anatomical points used to reconstruct the spatial motion of the subject is also used to construct the set of natural coordinates that describe the biomechanical model itself. Based on the images collected by four synchronized video cameras, the three-dimensional trajectories of the anatomical points are reconstructed using standard photogrammetry techniques and Direct Linear Transformations. The trajectories obtained are then filtered in order to reduce the noise levels introduced during the reconstruction procedure using 2nd order Butterworth low-pass filters with properly chosen cut-off frequencies. The filtered data is used in the inverse dynamics analysis either directly or after being modified in order to ensure its consistency with the biomechanical model’s kinematic constraints. It is also shown that the use of velocities and accelerations consistent with the kinematic constraints or those obtained through the time derivatives of the spline interpolation curves of the reconstructed trajectories lead to similar results.

scholarly journals BoB – biomechanics in MATLAB

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Shippen ◽  
Barbara May
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Data ◽  
Muscle Force ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Biomechanical Analysis ◽  
Force Distribution ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Analysis Package ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis

Biomechanics is a maturing discipline with numeric analysis of kinematic and kinetic data becoming widespread within academic research institutions and commercial organisations. Many engineers and scientists engaged in biomechanical analysis already routinely use MATLAB as it provides an environment that is productive for a broad range of analysis, facilitates rapid code development and provides sophisticated graphical output. Therefore, a biomechanical package which is based within the MATLAB environment will be familiar to many analysts and will inherit much of the analysis capabilities of MATLAB. This paper describes BoB (Biomechanics of Bodies) which is a biomechanical analysis package written in MATLAB M-code, capable of performing inverse dynamics analysis, using optimization methods to solve for muscle force distribution and produces sophisticated graphical image and video output.

PREDICTIVE MODELS FOR ESTIMATION OF THE HUMAN STANCE EQUILIBRIUM PARAMETERS USING INVERSE DYNAMICS AND RESPONSE SURFACE METHOD

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed N. Ashtiani ◽  
Mahmood-Reza Azghani
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Inverse Dynamics ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Force ◽  
Surface Method ◽  
Inverse Dynamics Analysis

Activation of the muscles and reaction forces of the joints rely on the body posture. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the relationship between the kinematics of static postures and muscle activation and joint forces by means of predictive regression models. To cover a reasonable number of postures and muscle recruitment patterns in forward inclinations, 4096 postures were analyzed. The response surface method was used to estimate the results of optimization-based inverse dynamics analysis. Two sorts of input variables (three angular positions of the lower limb joints and optimized muscular activation levels) and two model responses (muscle activation and joint force) were designed. The predictive models showed adequate goodness-of-fit in average ([Formula: see text]). The predictive models that applied on the feasible balanced postures revealed considerable reliance of the biomechanical efforts on the postural angles. The ankle force was majorly supported by activation of the calf muscles as [Formula: see text] (kN). The knee and the hip joint were dominantly influenced by the hamstring activation. Quantitative assessment of biomechanical parameters in the balanced standing postures may help researchers in finding standing information by knowing one type of experimental data such as the kinematic angles or the muscle electromyography.

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