NECESSITY VERSUS OPPORTUNITY MOTIVATION: NASCENT FIRM PERFORMANCE IN CARIBBEAN SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 1950023
Author(s):  
PREEYA S. MOHAN
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Post Entry ◽  
And Control

This paper investigates entry motivation of nascent entrepreneurs and their post-entry performance in Caribbean Small Island Developing States (SIDS). The study estimates the effect of being a nascent opportunity/necessity entrepreneur on three business-performance variables — firm growth, exports and innovation using regression analysis and control for time, country and sector effects. The data come from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Adult Population Survey (APS) for Barbados, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. The results show that opportunity versus necessity entrepreneurial start-up motivation tends to be related to a superior post-entry firm performance. In addition, personal and firm characteristics influence post-entry firm performance including gender, education, household income, number of owners, firm age and number of workers at start-up.

The significance of DOHaD for Small Island Developing States

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tu’akoi ◽  
M. H. Vickers ◽  
K. Tairea ◽  
Y. Y. M. Aung ◽  
N. Tamarua-Herman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
The Impact

AbstractSmall Island Developing States (SIDS) are island nations that experience specific social, economic and environmental vulnerabilities associated with small populations, isolation and limited resources. Globally, SIDS exhibit exceptionally high rates of non-communicable disease (NCD) risk and incidence. Despite this, there is a lack of context-specific research within SIDS focused on life course approaches to NCD prevention, particularly the impact of the early-life environment on later disease risk as defined by the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) framework. Given that globalization has contributed to significant nutritional transitions in these populations, the DOHaD paradigm is highly relevant. SIDS in the Pacific region have the highest rates of NCD risk and incidence globally. Transitions from traditional foods grown locally to reliance on importation of Western-style processed foods high in fat and sugar are common. The Cook Islands is one Pacific SIDS that reports this transition, alongside rising overweight/obesity rates, currently 91%/72%, in the adult population. However, research on early-life NCD prevention within this context, as in many low- and middle-income countries, is scarce. Although traditional research emphasizes the need for large sample sizes, this is rarely possible in the smaller SIDS. In these vulnerable, high priority countries, consideration should be given to utilizing ‘small’ sample sizes that encompass a high proportion of the total population. This may enable contextually relevant research, crucial to inform NCD prevention strategies that can contribute to improving health and well-being for these at-risk communities.

The hidden value of intangibles: do CEO characteristics matter?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1075-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Garcés-Galdeano ◽  
Carmen García-Olaverri
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Global Vision ◽  
The One ◽  
Ceo Characteristics

Purpose A great deal of research has examined the relationship between a single CEO attribute and a single measure of firm performance; no attempts have been made to integrate them to create a more global vision of both. Therefore, trying to answer new calls from Wang et al. (2016) or Liu, Fisher and Chen (2018) about a more global vision of the CEO characteristics, the authors are going to take a step forward to combine different CEO characteristics with different firm performance measure in order to show that a certain managerial profile would have an impact on several variables of firm performance. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Using a sample of 1,236 small firms in high- and medium-high-technology sectors and through the Canonical Correlation Analysis, the authors are able to create different CEO’s profiles that influence on different combinations of firm performance variables. Findings The authors obtain different CEO’s profiles that influence on different combinations of firm performance variables. Each CEO profile will enhance or diminish one kind of performance measure. The authors found that on the one hand, young, well-educated with external experience CEO profile will enhance innovative performance and firm growth, and on the other hand, old and more internal and external experience CEO profile will enhance the exploitation of external knowledge. Originality/value Through this analysis, the authors will be able to provide a more comprehensive analysis of the predictions about the role of CEOs in small firms.

NASCENT ENTREPRENEURS IN CARIBBEAN SMALL ISLAND DEVELOPING STATES: OPPORTUNITY VERSUS NECESSITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850022 ◽  
Author(s):  
PREEYA MOHAN ◽  
PATRICK WATSON ◽  
ERIC STROBL
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Small Island Developing States ◽  
Nascent Entrepreneurship ◽  
Firm Creation ◽  
New Firm ◽  
New Firm Creation ◽  
Necessity Entrepreneurs ◽  
Set Up

Nascent entrepreneurship is important for economic growth and development because it often involves new firm creation and innovation. Besides the perceived ability to become an entrepreneur, determined by one’s human, social and financial capital, individuals must have a willingness to become self-employed as exhibited by their entrepreneurial motivation. A distinction is made between opportunity or “pull” entrepreneurs who set up a business to take advantage of an identified opportunity and necessity or “push” entrepreneurs who are forced to start a business to escape unemployment or poverty. This paper investigates nascent entrepreneurship in a selection of Small Island Developing States of the Caribbean (SIDS), along with differences between nascent opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs. We use the 2012 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) Adult Population Survey (APS) for Barbados, Jamaica and Trinidad and Tobago. Probit regressions are used and comparisons between opportunity and necessity driven entrepreneurs are made. The findings indicate that both socio-economic and perceptual factors affect nascent entrepreneurship and do so differently among opportunity and necessity entrepreneurs with important policy implications for encouraging new firm creation.

The Relationship between Training and Small Business Performance: An Analysis of the Barclays Bank Small Firms Training Loans Scheme

10.1068/c0111 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Fraser ◽  
David Storey ◽  
Julian Frankish ◽  
Richard Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Small Firms ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Small Business Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The authors assess empirically the impact on firm performance of a state-subsidised training-loan scheme for small businesses (the Small Firms Training Loan Scheme). To achieve this assessment, a longitudinal sample of firms that received loans from the leading lender under the scheme, Barclays Bank, and a control sample of otherwise similar nonparticipants with Barclays accounts were studied. The authors present and apply a panel-data methodology for estimating the impact of the scheme on firm growth, which is able to take into account nonrandom selection onto the scheme. The main empirical findings are that participants are both more likely to survive and to grow faster than nonparticipants.

Money Code Space

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jack Parkin
Keyword(s):  
Open Source Software ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
Distributed Ledger ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Challenging Research ◽  
Digital Politics ◽  
Financial Transactions ◽  
And Control

Newly emerging cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology present a challenging research problem in the field of digital politics and economics. Bitcoin—the first widely implemented cryptocurrency and blockchain architecture—seemingly separates itself from the existing territorial boundedness of nation-state money via a process of algorithmic decentralisation. Proponents declare that the utilisation of cryptography to advance financial transactions will disrupt the modern centralised structures by which capitalist economies are currently organised: corporations, governments, commercial banks, and central banks. Allegedly, software can create a more stable and democratic global economy; a world free from hierarchy and control. In Money Code Space, Jack Parkin debunks these utopian claims by approaching distributed ledger technologies as a spatial and social problem where power forms unevenly across their networks. First-hand accounts of online communities, open-source software governance, infrastructural hardware operations, and Silicon Valley start-up culture are used to ground understandings of cryptocurrencies in the “real world.” Consequently, Parkin demonstrates how Bitcoin and other blockchains are produced across a multitude of tessellated spaces from which certain stakeholders exercise considerable amounts of power over their networks. While money, code, and space are certainly transformed by distributed ledgers, algorithmic decentralisation is rendered inherently paradoxical because it is predicated upon centralised actors, practices, and forces.

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