Cenozoic volcanism along Dahongliutan fault in the West Kunlun Mountains, China: Implication from distribution of volcanic rocks, volcanic geology, and geochemistry

2021 ◽  
pp. SP510-2020-132
Author(s):  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Feixiang Wei ◽  
Wenjian Yang ◽  
Jiandong Xu ◽  
Xiaoge Cui
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Magma Source ◽  
Geophysical Research ◽  
The West ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
Volcanic Fields ◽  
Supplementary Material ◽  
West Kunlun ◽  
Volcanic Activities

AbstractIn the West Kunlun Mountains, four volcanic fields (i.e., Kangxiwa, Dahongliutan, Qitaidaban, and Quanshuigou) are distributed along the Dahongliutan fault, which is approximately 180 km long. Based on field investigations, chronological measurements, and geochemical analysis of some volcanic fields, the results of geological, geochemical, and geophysical research by the predecessors in the corresponding study areas are summarised. The volcanic activities in these areas were mainly effusive eruptions, explosive eruptions, and phreatomagmatic eruptions. In this study, we discovered the Qitaiyanhu volcanic field for the first time and determined that the 14C age of the lacustrine strata underlying the Qitaiyanhu lava flows are 13110 ± 40 a B.P., indicating that there may still have been volcanic activities in the late Pleistocene and even the Holocene in the Dahongliutan fault area. The base surge deposits, which are the products of the interaction between magma and water, were found in the Kangxiwa volcanic field. The four shoshonitic rock fields of Kangxiwa, Dahongliutan, Qitaidaban, and Quanshuigou are likely to be products of different evolution stages from the same magma source area. The magmatic origin of these volcanic fields may be related to the upwelling of the asthenosphere, triggered by the collision between the Indian and Tarim plates.Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5353446

Volcanic geology and petrochemistry of Ashikule volcanic field in western Kunlun mountains of Tibetan plateau

2020 ◽  
pp. SP510-2020-133
Author(s):  
Jiandong Xu ◽  
Bo Zhao ◽  
Hongmei Yu ◽  
Feixiang Wei ◽  
Zhengquan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
Northern Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Western Kunlun ◽  
Geologic Map ◽  
Supplementary Material

AbstractAshikule volcanic field, developed in the western Kunlun mountain of north Tibet, is composed with about 10 volcanoes, and covers a total area of about 200km2 at the average altitude around 5,000m, one of the highest volcanic field in the world. In this study, we conducted detailed field investigation of geological and geomorphological features of volcanic rocks and volcanic edifices in Ashikule basin, and compiled large-scaled geologic map of the study area for the first time. We also collected series of samples to conduct petrochemistry analysis, as well as high-precision 40Ar/39Ar geochronology study of selected lavas from Ashikule volcanic field. Finally, we refined the eruption history for the volcanic activity in the basin, which provides some new volcanological evidence for the study of tectonic evolution of the Northern Tibetan Plateau.Supplementary material at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5227665

scholarly journals Glacier Changes in the West Kunlun Mountains Revealed by Landsat Data from 1994 to 2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 012002
Author(s):  
J Zhang ◽  
B H Fu ◽  
L M Wang ◽  
A Maimaiti ◽  
Y X Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Landsat Data ◽  
The West ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
Glacier Changes ◽  
West Kunlun

Accretion and Collision Orogeneses in the West Kunlun Mountains, China

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 843-844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Zong-Qi ◽  
Chun-Fa Jiang ◽  
Quan-Ren Yan ◽  
Zhen Yan
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
West Kunlun

scholarly journals Structural controls on the location, geometry and longevity of an intraplate volcanic system: the Tuatara Volcanic Field, Great South Basin, New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 (5) ◽  
pp. 1039-1056
Author(s):  
Thomas B. Phillips ◽  
Craig Magee
Keyword(s):  
Volcanic Field ◽  
Auckland Volcanic Field ◽  
Seismic Section ◽  
Volcanic System ◽  
Seismic Reflection Data ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Reflection Data ◽  
3D Geometry ◽  
Plumbing Systems ◽  
Supplementary Material

Intraplate volcanism is widely distributed across the continents, but the controls on the 3D geometry and longevity of individual volcanic systems remain poorly understood. Geophysical data provide insights into magma plumbing systems, but, as a result of the relatively low resolution of these techniques, it is difficult to evaluate how magma transits highly heterogeneous continental interiors. We use borehole-constrained 2D seismic reflection data to characterize the 3D geometry of the Tuatara Volcanic Field located offshore New Zealand's South Island and investigate its relationship with the pre-existing structure. This c. 270 km2 field is dominated by a dome-shaped lava edifice, surrounded and overlain by c. 69 volcanoes and >70 sills emplaced over 40 myr from the Late Cretaceous to Early Eocene (c. 85–45 Ma). The Tuatara Volcanic Field is located above a basement terrane boundary represented by the Livingstone Fault; the recently active Auckland Volcanic Field is similarly located along-strike on North Island. We suggest that the Livingstone Fault controlled the location of the Tuatara Volcanic Field by producing relief at the base of the lithosphere, thereby focussing lithospheric detachment over c. 40 myr, and provided a pathway that facilitated the ascent of magma. We highlight how observations from ancient intraplate volcanic systems may inform our understanding of active intraplate volcanic systems, including the Auckland Volcanic Field.Supplementary material: Interpreted seismic section showing well control on stratigraphic interpretation is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.c.5004464

scholarly journals Energy and mass balance characteristics of the Guliya ice cap in the West Kunlun Mountains, Tibetan Plateau

2019 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 71-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghai Li ◽  
Tandong Yao ◽  
Wusheng Yu ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Meilin Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Mass Balance ◽  
The West ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
West Kunlun

scholarly journals Snow-Cover Area and Runoff Variation under Climate Change in the West Kunlun Mountains

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ma ◽  
Yan ◽  
Zhao ◽  
Kundzewicz
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
River Basin ◽  
River Flow ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Runoff Generation ◽  
The West ◽  
Snow Cover Area ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
West Kunlun

In recent years, the climate in the arid region of Northwest China has become warmer and wetter; however, glaciers in the north slope of the West Kunlun Mountains (NSWKM) show no obvious recession, and river flow is decreasing or stable. This contrasts with the prevalent response of glaciers to climate change, which is recession and initial increase in glacier discharge followed by decline as retreat continues. We comparatively analyzed multi-timescale variation in temperature–precipitation–snow cover-runoff in the Yarkant River Basin (YRK), Karakax River Basin (KRK), Yurungkax River Basin (YUK), and Keriya River Basin (KRY) in the NSWKM. The Mann–Kendall trend and the mutation–detection method were applied to data obtained from an observation station over the last 60 years (1957–2017) and MODIS snow data (2001–2016). NSWKM temperature and precipitation have continued to increase for nearly 60 years at a mean rate of 0.26 °C/decade and 5.50 mm/decade, respectively, with the most obvious trend (R2 > 0.82) attributed to the KRK and YUK. Regarding changes in the average snow-cover fraction (SCF): YUK (SCF = 44.14%) > YRK (SCF = 38.73%) > KRY (SCF = 33.42%) > KRK (SCF = 33.40%). Between them, the YRK and YUK had decreasing SCA values (slope < −15.39), while the KRK and KRY had increasing SCA values (slope > 1.87). In seasonal variation, the SCF of the three of the basins reaches the maximum value in spring, with the most significant performance in YUK (SCF = 26.4%), except for YRK where SCF in spring was lower than that in winter (−2.6%). The runoff depth of all river basins presented an increasing trend, with the greatest value appearing in the YRK (5.78 mm/decade), and the least value in the YUK (1.58 mm/decade). With the runoff response to climate change, temperature was the main influencing factor of annual and monthly (summer) runoff variations in the YRK, which is consistent with the runoff-generation rule of rivers in arid areas, which mainly rely on ice and snow melt for water supply. However, this rule was not consistent for the YUK and KRK, as it was disturbed by other factors (e.g., slope and slope direction) during runoff generation, resulting in disruptions of their relationship with runoff. This research promotes the study of the response of cold and arid alpine regions to global change and thus better serve regional water resources management.

scholarly journals Glacial and lake fluctuations in the area of the west Kunlun mountains during the last 45 000 years

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Chaohai ◽  
Li Shijie ◽  
Shi Yafeng
Keyword(s):  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
The West ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
West Kunlun ◽  
High Lake Levels ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

There appear to have been several important glacial advances on the southern slope of the west Kunlun mountains, Tibetan Plateau, since 45 000 a BP. Based on the record of alternating till and lacustrine sediments and 14C determinations, these advances are dated to 23 000–16 000, 8500–8000, and 4000–2500 a BP, and to the 16th–19th century AD, with regional variations occurring during each of the advances. The glaciation of 23 000–16 000 a BP is equivalent to the last glacial maximum (LGM) and its scope and scale were much larger than any of the others. Lake changes are a response to both tectonic uplift of the plateau and global climatic change. With regard to the latter, both changes in precipitation and changes in the extent of glaciation can affect lake levels. High lake levels occurred during interstadial conditions between 40 000 and 30 000 a BP, when the area experienced a relatively warm and humid climate, and during the LGM, between 21 000 and 15 000 a BP. During the Holocene, lakes have been shrinking gradually, coincident with the dry climate of this period of time.

scholarly journals Glacial and lake fluctuations in the area of the west Kunlun mountains during the last 45 000 years

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 79-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Chaohai ◽  
Li Shijie ◽  
Shi Yafeng
Keyword(s):  
Lacustrine Sediments ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Lake Levels ◽  
Humid Climate ◽  
The West ◽  
Kunlun Mountains ◽  
West Kunlun ◽  
High Lake Levels ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

There appear to have been several important glacial advances on the southern slope of the west Kunlun mountains, Tibetan Plateau, since 45 000 a BP. Based on the record of alternating till and lacustrine sediments and 14C determinations, these advances are dated to 23 000–16 000, 8500–8000, and 4000–2500 a BP, and to the 16th–19th century AD, with regional variations occurring during each of the advances. The glaciation of 23 000–16 000 a BP is equivalent to the last glacial maximum (LGM) and its scope and scale were much larger than any of the others.Lake changes are a response to both tectonic uplift of the plateau and global climatic change. With regard to the latter, both changes in precipitation and changes in the extent of glaciation can affect lake levels. High lake levels occurred during interstadial conditions between 40 000 and 30 000 a BP, when the area experienced a relatively warm and humid climate, and during the LGM, between 21 000 and 15 000 a BP. During the Holocene, lakes have been shrinking gradually, coincident with the dry climate of this period of time.

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