Initial population generation strategy for evolution of planar hybrid manipulators

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sameer Gupta ◽  
Ekta Singla
Keyword(s):  
Initial Population

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Root-Lesion Nematodes (Pratylenchus thornei) and Crown Rot (Fusarium pseudograminearum) on Diverse Cereal Cultivars in a Conservation Farming System

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 867
Author(s):  
John P. Thompson ◽  
Timothy G. Clewett
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Conservation Farming ◽  
Pratylenchus Thornei ◽  
Fourth Experiment ◽  
The Impact

In two experiments on a farm practicing conservation agriculture, the grain yield of a range of wheat cultivars was significantly (p < 0.001) negatively related to the post-harvest population densities of Pratylenchus thornei in the soil profile to 45 cm depth. In a third and fourth experiment with different rotations, methyl bromide fumigation significantly (p < 0.05) decreased (a) a low initial population density of P. thornei in the soil profile to 90 cm depth and (b) a high initial population of P. thornei to 45 cm depth, and a medium level of the crown rot fungus, Fusarium pseudograminearum, at 0–15 cm depth to a low level. For a range of wheat and durum cultivars, grain yield and response to fumigation were highly significantly (p < 0.001) related to (a) the P. thornei tolerance index of the cultivars in the third experiment, and (b) to both the P. thornei tolerance index and the crown rot resistance index in the fourth experiment. In the latter, grain yield was significantly (p < 0.001) positively related to biomass at anthesis and negatively related to percentage whiteheads at grain fill growth stage. One barley cultivar was more tolerant to both diseases than the wheat and durum cultivars. Crop rotation, utilizing crop cultivars resistant and tolerant to both P. thornei and F. pseudograminearum, is key to success for conservation farming in this region.

scholarly journals A Hybrid Whale Optimization Algorithm for Global Optimization

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (13) ◽  
pp. 1477
Author(s):  
Chun-Yao Lee ◽  
Guang-Lin Zhuo
Keyword(s):  
Global Optimization ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Problems ◽  
Whale Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Test Functions ◽  
Benchmark Test ◽  
Thermal Exchange ◽  
Whale Optimization ◽  
Benchmark Test Functions

This paper proposes a hybrid whale optimization algorithm (WOA) that is derived from the genetic and thermal exchange optimization-based whale optimization algorithm (GWOA-TEO) to enhance global optimization capability. First, the high-quality initial population is generated to improve the performance of GWOA-TEO. Then, thermal exchange optimization (TEO) is applied to improve exploitation performance. Next, a memory is considered that can store historical best-so-far solutions, achieving higher performance without adding additional computational costs. Finally, a crossover operator based on the memory and a position update mechanism of the leading solution based on the memory are proposed to improve the exploration performance. The GWOA-TEO algorithm is then compared with five state-of-the-art optimization algorithms on CEC 2017 benchmark test functions and 8 UCI repository datasets. The statistical results of the CEC 2017 benchmark test functions show that the GWOA-TEO algorithm has good accuracy for global optimization. The classification results of 8 UCI repository datasets also show that the GWOA-TEO algorithm has competitive results with regard to comparison algorithms in recognition rate. Thus, the proposed algorithm is proven to execute excellent performance in solving optimization problems.

scholarly journals Agglomeration economies, congestion diseconomies, and fertility dynamics in a two-region economy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madoka Muroishi ◽  
Akira Yakita
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Stability Condition ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Interregional Migration ◽  
Stable Path ◽  
Regional Population ◽  
Initial Population Size

AbstractUsing a small, open, two-region economy model populated by two-period-lived overlapping generations, we analyze long-term agglomeration economy and congestion diseconomy effects of young worker concentration on migration and the overall fertility rate. When the migration-stability condition is satisfied, the distribution of young workers between regions is obtainable in each period for a predetermined population size. Results show that migration stability does not guarantee dynamic stability of the economy. The stationary population size stability depends on the model parameters and the initial population size. On a stable trajectory converging to the stationary equilibrium, the overall fertility rate might change non-monotonically with the population size of the economy because of interregional migration. In each period, interregional migration mitigates regional population changes caused by fertility differences on the stable path. Results show that the inter-regional migration-stability condition does not guarantee stability of the population dynamics of the economy.

scholarly journals Optimization on Vehicle Routing Problem Based on Immune Clonal Selection Algorithm

2012 ◽  
Vol 6-7 ◽  
pp. 256-260
Author(s):  
Hai Hua Li ◽  
Zong Yan Xu ◽  
Fei Fei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Routing ◽  
Vehicle Routing Problem ◽  
Clonal Selection ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Local Optimum ◽  
Clonal Selection Algorithm ◽  
Routing Problem ◽  
Optimum Solution

Vehicle routing problem is a typical NP-hard problem and is difficult to get an optimum solution. Aiming at the shortages of the existing methods, this paper proposed an algorithm based on immune clonal selection to solve vehicle routing problem. In the algorithm, expressed antibody with matrix, generated the initial population of antibodies randomly, and employed the operations such as clonal selection, genetic mutation iteratively to search optimum solution in solution space. The experimental results show that the algorithm presented here can converge to the global optimum solution rapidly, overcoming such disadvantages of the genetic algorithm as slower convergent velocity and the convergence to a local optimum solution.

scholarly journals Stochasticity in Colonial Growth Dynamics of Individual Bacterial Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 2294-2301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos P. Koutsoumanis ◽  
Alexandra Lianou
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Stochastic Growth ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTConventional bacterial growth studies rely on large bacterial populations without considering the individual cells. Individual cells, however, can exhibit marked behavioral heterogeneity. Here, we present experimental observations on the colonial growth of 220 individual cells ofSalmonella entericaserotype Typhimurium using time-lapse microscopy videos. We found a highly heterogeneous behavior. Some cells did not grow, showing filamentation or lysis before division. Cells that were able to grow and form microcolonies showed highly diverse growth dynamics. The quality of the videos allowed for counting the cells over time and estimating the kinetic parameters lag time (λ) and maximum specific growth rate (μmax) for each microcolony originating from a single cell. To interpret the observations, the variability of the kinetic parameters was characterized using appropriate probability distributions and introduced to a stochastic model that allows for taking into account heterogeneity using Monte Carlo simulation. The model provides stochastic growth curves demonstrating that growth of single cells or small microbial populations is a pool of events each one of which has its own probability to occur. Simulations of the model illustrated how the apparent variability in population growth gradually decreases with increasing initial population size (N0). For bacterial populations withN0of >100 cells, the variability is almost eliminated and the system seems to behave deterministically, even though the underlying law is stochastic. We also used the model to demonstrate the effect of the presence and extent of a nongrowing population fraction on the stochastic growth of bacterial populations.

Outgrowth of Salmonellae and the Physical Property of Albumen and Vitelline Membrane as Influenced by Egg Storage Conditions

2005 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2553-2558 ◽  
Author(s):  
JINRU CHEN ◽  
HILARY SHALLO THESMAR ◽  
WILLIAM L. KERR
Keyword(s):  
Salmonella Enteritidis ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Vitelline Membrane ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Fiber Optic Probe ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Egg Storage ◽  
Egg Albumen

This study was undertaken to determine the influence of storage time and temperature on the volume, weight, and pH of egg albumen, the physical strength of vitelline membrane, and the fate of Salmonella Enteritidis artificially inoculated into egg albumen. A fiber-optic probe was used for inoculation with Salmonella Enteritidis at 102, 104, or 106 cells per egg. Both fresh and inoculated eggs were stored at 4, 10, and 22°C for 6 weeks. Five fresh uninoculated eggs from each storage group were collected each week, and the weight, volume, and pH of the egg albumen were measured. The forces, energies, and degrees of membrane deformation required to rupture the vitelline membranes also were determined from either albumen-free yolks or yolks surrounded by albumen. In separate experiments, five inoculated eggs were evaluated each week for populations of Salmonella Enteritidis. When the eggs were stored at 4°C, the albumen retained significantly more volume and weight and had a relatively lower pH. The vitelline membranes from eggs stored at 4 and 10°C required more force and energy for rupture. Salmonellae flourished at 22°C, even in the albumen with the lowest initial population, 102 cells per egg. Storage at 4 and 10°C inhibited the growth of salmonellae in the albumen of eggs with initial populations of 102, 104, or 106 cells per egg. In eggs with initial Salmonella populations of 106 cells per egg that were stored at 22°C, the populations of reached as high as 1010 cells per egg after 4 weeks of storage. Storage at 4 and perhaps 10°C postponed the aging process of chicken eggs, preserved the antimicrobial agents of the albumen, and maintained the integrity of vitelline membrane. Low-temperature storage therefore had a significant impact on the safety and overall quality of the eggs.

Effect of initial population density ofPratylenchus brachyuruson maize

2006 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Chindo ◽  
A. M. Emechebe ◽  
P. S. Marley
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Initial Population Density
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document