scholarly journals Characterizing active and inactive brown adipose tissue in adult humans using PET-CT and MR imaging

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (1) ◽  
pp. E95-E104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliya Gifford ◽  
Theodore F. Towse ◽  
Ronald C. Walker ◽  
Malcolm J. Avison ◽  
E. Brian Welch
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Adult Humans ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
Whole Body Metabolism

Activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays an important role in thermogenesis and whole body metabolism in mammals. Positron emission tomography (PET)-computed tomography (CT) imaging has identified depots of BAT in adult humans, igniting scientific interest. The purpose of this study is to characterize both active and inactive supraclavicular BAT in adults and compare the values to those of subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT). We obtained [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) PET-CT and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of 25 healthy adults. Unlike [18F]FDG PET, which can detect only active BAT, MRI is capable of detecting both active and inactive BAT. The MRI-derived fat signal fraction (FSF) of active BAT was significantly lower than that of inactive BAT (means ± SD; 60.2 ± 7.6 vs. 62.4 ± 6.8%, respectively). This change in tissue morphology was also reflected as a significant increase in Hounsfield units (HU; −69.4 ± 11.5 vs. −74.5 ± 9.7 HU, respectively). Additionally, the CT HU, MRI FSF, and MRI R2* values are significantly different between BAT and WAT, regardless of the activation status of BAT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to quantify PET-CT and MRI FSF measurements and utilize a semiautomated algorithm to identify inactive and active BAT in the same adult subjects. Our findings support the use of these metrics to characterize and distinguish between BAT and WAT and lay the foundation for future MRI analysis with the hope that some day MRI-based delineation of BAT can stand on its own.

scholarly journals Whole Body and Regional Quantification of Active Human Brown Adipose Tissue Using 18F-FDG PET/CT

10.3791/58469 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Kim ◽  
Shan Huang ◽  
Laura A. Fletcher ◽  
Alana E. O'Mara ◽  
Ilan Tal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

scholarly journals Assessment of the Aging of the Brown Adipose Tissue by 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging in the Progeria Mouse Model Lmna−/−

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengjie Wang ◽  
Xiaolong Xu ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Yongheng Gao ◽  
Fei Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an important energy metabolic organ that is highly implicated in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and atherosclerosis. Aging is one of the most important determinants of BAT activity. In this study, we used 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging to assess BAT aging in Lmna−/− mice. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVMax) of the BAT was measured, and the target/nontarget (T/NT) values of BAT were calculated. The transcription and the protein expression levels of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), beta3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR), and the PR domain-containing 16 (PRDM16) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting or immunohistochemical analysis. Apoptosis and cell senescence rates in the BAT of WT and Lmna−/− mice were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and by CDKN2A/p16INK4a immunohistochemical staining, respectively. At 14 weeks of age, the BAT SUVMax and the expression levels of UCP1, β3-AR, and PRDM16 in Lmna−/− mice were significantly reduced relative to WT mice. At the same time, the number of p16INK4a and TUNEL positively stained cells (%) increased in Lmna−/− mice. Collectively, our results indicate that the aging characteristics and the aging regulatory mechanism in the BAT of Lmna−/− mice can mimic the normal BAT aging process.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Brown Adipose Tissue Activity and Neoplastic Status: an 18F-FDG PET/CT Study in the Tropics

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Cheng Huang ◽  
Tai-Been Chen ◽  
Chien-Chin Hsu ◽  
Shau-Hsuan Li ◽  
Pei-Wen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue Activity ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Relationship

Rapid changes in metabolic cold defense and GDP binding to brown adipose tissue mitochondria of rat pups

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. R1017-R1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kortner ◽  
K. Schildhauer ◽  
O. Petrova ◽  
I. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Whole Body Metabolism

To determine developmental changes of brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenic activity at defined circadian and thermal states, we evaluated the time course of cold-induced increases of in vitro guanosine 5'-diphosphate (GDP) binding in parallel with whole body metabolism (oxygen consumption, VO2) and core temperature (Tc) in 1- to 11-day-old rat pups. During the maximum phase of the juvenile diurnal cycle, Tc of littermates was recorded continuously and VO2 alternately until 2 min before animals were killed for removal of interscapular BAT. GDP binding after 1.5 h at thermoneutrality and its increase during physiologically comparable cold loads were significantly lower in 1-day-old pups than in 5- and 11-day-old pups. Cold defense was activated more rapidly in the older pups, but GDP binding in even the 1-day-old pups was significantly increased during the second 10-min period of cold exposure. We conclude that rapid changes in thermogenic activity, in connection with the known developmental changes in the dependence of the suckling rat's metabolic cold defense on maternal and sibling contact and circadian phase, will distort longitudinal studies of any fast-changing BAT parameter when the conditions immediately before tissue removal are not thoroughly controlled.

scholarly journals Brown Adipose Tissue Volume and Fat Content are Positively Associated with Whole-Body Adiposity in Young Men, Not in Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Sanchez-Delgado ◽  
Borja Martinez-Tellez ◽  
Francisco M. Acosta ◽  
Samuel Virtue ◽  
Antonio Vidal-Puig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Body Adiposity ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Visceral Adipose

<a>Human brown adipose tissue (BAT) volume has been consistently claimed as inversely associated with whole-body adiposity. However, recent advances in the assessment of human BAT suggest that previously reported associations may have been biased. The present cross-sectional study investigates the association of BAT volume, mean radiodensity, and <sup>18</sup>F-fluordeoxyglucose (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG) uptake (assessed via a static positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET-CT) scan after a 2-hour personalized cold exposure) with whole-body adiposity (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) in 126 young adults (42 men / 84 women; 25±5 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). BAT volume, but not <sup>18</sup>F-FDG uptake, was positively associated with body mass index (BMI), fat mass, and visceral adipose tissue mass in men, but not in women. These associations were independent of the date when the PET-CT was performed, insulin sensitivity and body surface area. BAT mean radiodensity, an inverse proxy of BAT fat content, was negatively associated </a>was with BMI, waist circumference, fat mass and visceral adipose tissue mas in men and with percentage fat mass in women. These results refute the widely held belief that human BAT volume is reduced in obese persons, at least in young adults, and suggest that it might even be the opposite in young men.

18F-FDG PET/CT of Brown Adipose Tissue Hyperactivation Associated With Pregnancy and Paraganglioma

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 950-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Margherita Maffione ◽  
Lucia Rampin ◽  
Sotirios Chondrogiannis ◽  
Maria Cristina Marzola ◽  
Patrick M. Colletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Brown Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct
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