Sexually dimorphic effects of maternal alcohol intake and adrenalectomy on left ventricular hypertrophy in rat offspring

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (1) ◽  
pp. E31-E39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Slone Wilcoxon ◽  
Jeff Schwartz ◽  
Fraser Aird ◽  
Eva E. Redei
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Mrna Levels

In humans, low birth weight and increased placental weight can be associated with cardiovascular disease in adulthood. Low birth weight and increased placental size are known to occur after fetal alcohol exposure or prenatal glucocorticoid administration. Thus the effects of removing the alcohol-induced increase in maternal corticosterone by maternal adrenalectomy on predictors of cardiovascular disease in adulthood were examined in rats. Alcohol exposure of dams during the last 2 wk of gestation resulted in significantly decreased fetal weight and increased placental weight on gestational day 21. Adult female, but not male, offspring of alcohol-consuming mothers exhibited left ventricular hypertrophy. Placental 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-2 (11β-HSD-2) mRNA levels, measured by Northern blot, were decreased in females but not males. Adrenalectomy of alcohol-consuming dams reversed the increase in placental weight and the decrease in female placental 11β-HSD-2 expression and eliminated the left ventricular hypertrophy of adult female offspring. These data suggest that alcohol-induced changes in placental 11β-HSD-2 mRNA levels and left ventricular weight are coupled in female offspring only and depend on maternal adrenal status.

scholarly journals Alteration of cardiac glucose metabolism in association to low birth weight: Experimental evidence in lambs with left ventricular hypertrophy

Metabolism ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 1662-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimberley C.W. Wang ◽  
Chin H. Lim ◽  
I. Caroline McMillen ◽  
Jaime A. Duffield ◽  
Doug A. Brooks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Experimental Evidence ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular

Abstract P175: Can Pediatric Hypertension Criteria be Simplified? A Prediction Analysis of Subclinical Cardiovascular Outcomes From the Bogalusa Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xi ◽  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Shengxu Li ◽  
Wei Shen ◽  
Emily Harville ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Pediatric Hypertension ◽  
Bogalusa Heart Study ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease

Background: Pre-hypertension and hypertension in childhood are defined by sex-, age- and height-specific 90th (or ≥120/80 mmHg) and 95th percentiles of blood pressure (BP), respectively, by the 2004 Fourth Report. However, these cut-offs are complex and cumbersome for use. This study assessed the performance of a simplified BP definition to predict adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease. Methods: The longitudinal cohort consisted of 1,225 adults (530 males, aged 26.3–47.7 years) from the Bogalusa Heart Study, with 27.1 years follow-up since childhood. We used 110/70 and 120/80 mmHg for children (age 6-11 years), and 120/80 and 130/85 mmHg for adolescents (age 12-17 years) as the simplified definitions of childhood pre-hypertension and hypertension, respectively, to compare with the complex definitions. Adult carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV), and left ventricular mass were measured using digital ultrasound instruments. High CIMT was defined as being above the age-, gender- and race-specific 80th percentile, high PWV as being above the age-, gender-, race- and heart rate-specific 80th percentile and left ventricular hypertrophy as >46.7 g/m 2.7 in women and >49.2 g/m 2.7 in men. Results: Compared to normal BP, childhood hypertensives diagnosed by the simplified definition (4.1%, 50/1,225) and the complex definition (4.8%, 59/1,225) were both at higher risk of adult hypertension with hazard ratio=3.1 (95% confidence interval=1.8-5.3) by the simplified definition and 3.2 (2.0-5.0) by the complex definition, high PWV with 3.5 (1.7-7.1) and 2.2 (1.2-4.1), high CIMT with 3.1 (1.7-5.6) and 2.0 (1.2-3.6), and left ventricular hypertrophy with 3.4 (1.7-6.8) and 3.0 (1.6-5.6). The prediction using the two childhood BP definitions for adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease was also assessed by reclassification or receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. Conclusions: The simplified childhood BP definition predicts the risk of adult hypertension and subclinical cardiovascular disease equally as the complex definition does. The simplified pediatric BP cut-offs could be easier to use for screening children at high risk and for targeting early life interventions to reduce the risk of developing cardiovascular disease in later life.

Natriuretic peptide gene expression in DOCA-salt hypertension after blockade of type B endothelin receptor

2002 ◽  
Vol 282 (3) ◽  
pp. H1127-H1134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliana G. Bianciotti ◽  
Adolfo J. de Bold
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Left Atrial ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Collagen Iii ◽  
Salt Hypertension ◽  
Np Gene

We investigated the effect of long-term in vivo blockade of the ET-1 receptor subtype B (ETB) with A-192621, a selective ETBantagonist, on atrial and ventricular natriuretic peptide (NP) gene expression in deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension. In this model, stimulation of the cardiac natriuretic peptide (NP) and the endothelin system and suppression of the renin-angiotensin system is observed. DOCA-salt induced significant hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and increased NP plasma and left atrial and right and left ventricular NP gene expression. ETB blockade per se produced hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy but induced little change on the levels of ventricular NP and only increased left atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) mRNA levels. Combined ETBblockade/DOCA-salt treatment worsened hypertension, increased left ventricular hypertrophy and induced right ventricular hypertrophy. All animals so treated had increased ventricular NP gene expression. Collagen III and β-myosin heavy chain gene expression were enhanced in both the right and the left ventricle of DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. The results of this study suggest that the ETBreceptor does not participate directly in the modulation of atrial or ventricular NP gene expression and that this receptor mediates a protective cardiovascular function. ETB blockade can induce significant ventricular hypertrophy without an increase in ANF or brain NP gene expression.

Downregulation of sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase during progression of left ventricular hypertrophy

1997 ◽  
Vol 272 (5) ◽  
pp. H2416-H2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Qi ◽  
T. R. Shannon ◽  
D. E. Euler ◽  
D. M. Bers ◽  
A. M. Samarel
Keyword(s):  
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Fibrillar Collagen ◽  
Myocardial Relaxation

To determine whether reduced sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (ATPase) (SERCA2) activity contributes to delayed myocardial relaxation during chronic left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) progression, LVH was produced in rats by abdominal aortic coarctation. Systolic and diastolic functions were assessed in vivo 8 and 16 wk after surgery, and compositional alterations in LV myocardium [SERCA2 concentration, myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoenzymes, and tissue collagen] were correlated with the development of prolonged isovolumic relaxation and impaired cardiac performance over time. Myocardial relaxation was prolonged in 8-wk banded rats, despite normal isovolumic systolic function and LV end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP). No significant alterations in SERCA2 protein, beta-MHC, or fibrillar collagen levels were observed at this early time point. In contrast, LV SERCA2, beta-MHC, and fibrillar collagen concentrations were all significantly altered in 16-wk banded rats. These late compositional changes were associated with reduced cardiac performance, as manifested by a significant elevation in LVEDP (14 +/- 2 mmHg). The 34% decrease in SERCA2 protein was associated with reduced SR Ca2+ uptake and an even greater reduction (76%) in SERCA2 mRNA. SERCA2 mRNA levels were also significantly reduced to 43 +/- 10% of sham-operated rats 8 wk after banding, despite unchanged SERCA2 protein levels and normal SR Ca2+ uptake. These results argue against a significant contribution of SERCA2 downregulation to the subtle alterations in myocardial relaxation observed in compensated LVH. However, the early reduction in SERCA2 mRNA levels may serve as a molecular marker for impaired cardiac performance during the transition from compensated LVH to heart failure.

scholarly journals Association Between Renal Function and Cardiovascular Disease in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy. VIIDA Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 303-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Fácila ◽  
Vicente Bertomeu ◽  
Vicente Bertomeu-González ◽  
Pedro Morillas ◽  
Pilar Mazón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular

Blood pressure, left ventricular hypertrophy and cardiovascular disease

Heart ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 96 (13) ◽  
pp. 1081-1081
Author(s):  
H. J. Simpson ◽  
S. J. Gandy ◽  
J. G. Houston ◽  
A. D. Struthers
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular

scholarly journals Levels of Serum sST2, MMP-3, and Gal-3 in Patients with Essential Hypertension and Their Correlation with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Xueling Wang ◽  
Wei Han ◽  
Lin Han ◽  
Jiyuan Yang ◽  
Kehui Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 ◽  
Insidious Onset ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Increased Pressure

Essential hypertension (EH) is a clinically frequent cardiovascular disease, with insidious onset, causing increased pressure load and neuroregulation disorders in patients. Long-term EH can cause left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), which can lead to arrhythmia and even death. The soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and galectin-3 (Gal-3) in serum plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. In our study, we divided EH patients into 3 levels and groups with or without LVH, according to their condition. The levels of sST2, MMP-3, and Gal-3 in the serum were measured in different groups of patients. Our results showed that the levels of sST2, MMP-3, and Gal-3 in the serum increased progressively with the level in different EH groups. The levels of sST2, MMP-3, and Gal-3 in the serum of the LVH group were higher than those of the NLVH group, and it is positively correlated with LVH-related indexes. The risk of developing and progressing to LVH in patients with EH can be determined by the method of measuring three indicators.

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