scholarly journals Intestinal microbiota and immune function in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (8) ◽  
pp. G529-G541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehuda Ringel ◽  
Nitsan Maharshak
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Immune Function ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Plausible Model ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Brain

The pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is believed to involve alterations in the brain-gut axis; however, the etiological triggers and mechanisms by which these changes lead to symptoms of IBS remain poorly understood. Although IBS is often considered a condition without an identified “organic” etiology, emerging evidence suggests that alterations in the gastrointestinal microbiota and altered immune function may play a role in the pathogenesis of the disorder. These recent data suggest a plausible model in which changes in the intestinal microbiota and activation of the enteric immune system may impinge upon the brain-gut axis, causing the alterations in gastrointestinal function and the clinical symptoms observed in patients with IBS. This review summarizes the current evidence for altered intestinal microbiota and immune function in IBS. It discusses the potential etiological role of these factors, suggests an updated conceptual model for the pathogenesis of the disorder, and identifies areas for future research.

scholarly journals Research Progress in Fecal Microbiota Transplantation as Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yao Wang ◽  
Fengling Zheng ◽  
Shan Liu ◽  
Huanhuan Luo
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Fecal Microbiota ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intestinal Microbes ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional disorder characterized by abdominal pain or discomfort associated with altered bowel habits. Due to the uncertainty of the pathogenesis of IBS and the diversity of its clinical manifestations, IBS cannot be completely cured. Increasing evidence suggests the key role of altered intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of IBS. Therefore, attention is being shifted to adjusting the changes in intestinal microbiota to control IBS symptoms. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), antibiotics, probiotics, and synbiotics are currently often employed as treatment for IBS. And FMT is the most significant therapeutic efficacy with the least number of side effects. FMT provides a creative way to restore the abnormal gut microbiome in patients with IBS. But although current clinical studies confirm the effectiveness of FMT in the treatment of IBS, they are short-term studies of small samples, and there is still a lack of large-scale long-term studies. In this paper, we review the intestinal microbiota changes of IBS, the common methods of treating IBS with intestinal microbes, and the research status of FMT for the treatment of IBS. Finally, we put forward some opinions on the future research direction of FMT treatment of IBS.

scholarly journals How to improve effectiveness of treatment of patients with irritable bowel syndrome?

2021 ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
E. V. Golovanova
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Irritable Bowel

This article discusses ways to improve the effectiveness of treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), one of the most common functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID). The significance of this issue is caused by high frequency of pathology detection among the young employable population and the difficulties in choosing an effective treatment that relieves not only the symptom severity, but also the frequency of relapses. Inadequate therapy reduces patients’ compliance with treatment and significantly worsens their quality of life. The choice of a drug that fails to provide a positive effect on all factors that form the pain syndrome is the most common reason for ineffective treatment. In addition, the measures aimed at managing such pathogenic factors as intestinal microbiota dysbiosis are often not taken. Meanwhile, numerous studies have shown that the intestinal microbiota imbalance is accompanied by increased intestinal permeability, which leads to the penetration of aggressive agents through extended intercellular spaces. This is accompanied by the occurrence of subclinical inflammation in the submucosal layer, which results in impaired motor function and increased visceral sensitivity. Thus, the intestinal microflora imbalance is one of the most important factors that form clinical symptoms of IBS. The article substantiates the advantages of using trimebutin, a gastrointestinal tract motility regulator, in functional gastrointestinal diseases from the standpoint of evidence-based medicine. The modern scientific knowledge on the  effectiveness of  microbiota  adjustment in  alleviating IBS symptoms is presented. In  particular, the  double-blind, placebo-controlled study has shown the efficacy of a multi-strain probiotic complex in relieving clinical symptom severity of IBS. The optimal treatment regimen for a patient with IBS should include a drug regulating the gastrointestinal motility and reducing visceral hypersensitivity and a probiotic complex containing bacterial strains that have proved their efficacy in this group of patients. 

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome: present state and perspectives

Microbiology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 156 (11) ◽  
pp. 3205-3215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Salonen ◽  
Willem M. de Vos ◽  
Airi Palva
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Gastrointestinal Microbiota ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Microbial Biomarkers ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Microbial Groups

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that has been associated with aberrant microbiota. This review focuses on the recent molecular insights generated by analysing the intestinal microbiota in subjects suffering from IBS. Special emphasis is given to studies that compare and contrast the microbiota of healthy subjects with that of IBS patients classified into different subgroups based on their predominant bowel pattern as defined by the Rome criteria. The current data available from a limited number of patients do not reveal pronounced and reproducible IBS-related deviations of entire phylogenetic or functional microbial groups, but rather support the concept that IBS patients have alterations in the proportions of commensals with interrelated changes in the metabolic output and overall microbial ecology. The lack of apparent similarities in the taxonomy of microbiota in IBS patients may partially arise from the fact that the applied molecular methods, the nature and location of IBS subjects, and the statistical power of the studies have varied considerably. Most recent advances, especially the finding that several uncharacterized phylotypes show non-random segregation between healthy and IBS subjects, indicate the possibility of discovering bacteria specific for IBS. Moreover, tools are being developed for the functional analysis of the relationship between the intestinal microbiota and IBS. These approaches may be instrumental in the evaluation of the ecological dysbiosis hypothesis in the gut ecosystem. Finally, we discuss the future outlook for research avenues and candidate microbial biomarkers that may eventually be used in IBS diagnosis.

scholarly journals British Society of Gastroenterology guidelines on the management of irritable bowel syndrome

Gut ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. gutjnl-2021-324598
Author(s):  
Dipesh H Vasant ◽  
Peter A Paine ◽  
Christopher J Black ◽  
Lesley A Houghton ◽  
Hazel A Everitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
British Society ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Novel Treatments ◽  
Psychological Therapies ◽  
Irritable Bowel

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) remains one of the most common gastrointestinal disorders seen by clinicians in both primary and secondary care. Since publication of the last British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) guideline in 2007, substantial advances have been made in understanding its complex pathophysiology, resulting in its re-classification as a disorder of gut-brain interaction, rather than a functional gastrointestinal disorder. Moreover, there has been a considerable amount of new evidence published concerning the diagnosis, investigation and management of IBS. The primary aim of this guideline, commissioned by the BSG, is to review and summarise the current evidence to inform and guide clinical practice, by providing a practical framework for evidence-based management of patients. One of the strengths of this guideline is that the recommendations for treatment are based on evidence derived from a comprehensive search of the medical literature, which was used to inform an update of a series of trial-based and network meta-analyses assessing the efficacy of dietary, pharmacological and psychological therapies in treating IBS. Specific recommendations have been made according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, summarising both the strength of the recommendations and the overall quality of evidence. Finally, this guideline identifies novel treatments that are in development, as well as highlighting areas of unmet need for future research.

scholarly journals Relationship between food allergies and composition of intestinal microbiota at irritable bowel syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
M. S. Turchina ◽  
L. Yu. Korolyova ◽  
M. V. Bukreeva ◽  
E. A. Erofeeva ◽  
D. V. Borzova
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
The Brain

Currently, there is an increase in the number of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, to date, there is no single concept of the etiopathogenesis of functional disorders of the digestive tract. Initially, great attention was paid to disorders of motility and impaired regulatory interactions of the brain‑intestine as causes of irritable bowel syndrome, but in recent years the focus has shifted to subclinical inflammation in the colon mucosa and the development of visceral hypersensitivity. The reasons contributing to the formation of immune inflammation in the intestinal wall, include a violation of the composition of the intestinal microbiota, as well as food allergies and food intolerance. This article discusses the qualitative and quantitative changes in the intestinal microbiota in patients with irritable bowel syndrome if they have food allergies, as well as the effect of the composition of the intestinal microbiota on the clinical variant of irritable bowel syndrome. The study included 257 patients with IBS. At the first stage, an assessment was made of the history of food allergies, such as IBS, in accordance with the Bristol scale, as well as a microbiological study of feces. At the second stage, the evaluation of intestinal microbiota correction schemes was carried out in patients who had food allergies. The patients were divided into two equal groups, the first group received intestinal antiseptic in combination with multi‑component probiotic, the second — intestinal antiseptic in combination with Saccharomyces boulardii. When analyzing the obtained results, it was noted that approximately half of patients with IBS in the anamnesis had manifestations of food allergy. In most cases, food allergy was associated with the development of patients with IBS variant with diarrhea and excessive growth of conditionally pathogenic microflora with a decrease in the number of lactic and bifidobacteria. When comparing schemes for the correction of disorders of the intestinal microbiota, the greatest efficacy was observed with the combination of intestinal antiseptic and Saccharomyces boulardii.

The intestinal microbiota changes paradigms in irritable bowel syndrome

Infectio ro ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (50) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela-Loredana Popa ◽  
Silvana-Adelina Gheorghe ◽  
Mădălina Preda
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Irritable Bowel

The role of intestinal microbiota in the development of urolithiasis in patients with an irritable bowel syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
I. A. Derkach ◽  
A. E. Dorofeyev ◽  
M. M. Rudenko ◽  
G. A. Dorofeyeva ◽  
Yu. Z. Dynia
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Diarrhea Predominant-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1506
Author(s):  
Annamaria Altomare ◽  
Claudia Di Rosa ◽  
Elena Imperia ◽  
Sara Emerenziani ◽  
Michele Cicala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorder ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Nutritional Advice ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Gi Symptoms ◽  
Mutualistic Relationship ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Fodmap Diet

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Gut microbiota, which acts as a real organ with well-defined functions, is in a mutualistic relationship with the host, harvesting additional energy and nutrients from the diet and protecting the host from pathogens; specific alterations in its composition seem to play a crucial role in IBS pathophysiology. It is well known that diet can significantly modulate the intestinal microbiota profile but it is less known how different nutritional approach effective in IBS patients, such as the low-FODMAP diet, could be responsible of intestinal microbiota changes, thus influencing the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this review was to explore the effects of different nutritional protocols (e.g., traditional nutritional advice, low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, etc.) on IBS-D symptoms and on intestinal microbiota variations in both IBS-D patients and healthy subjects. To date, an ideal nutritional protocol does not exist for IBS-D patients but it seems crucial to consider the effect of the different nutritional approaches on the intestinal microbiota composition to better define an efficient strategy to manage this functional disorder.

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