scholarly journals Pulmonary artery banding alters the expression of Ca2+ transport proteins in the right atrium in rabbits

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (6) ◽  
pp. H1933-H1939 ◽  
Author(s):  
Subash C. Gupta ◽  
Kenneth D. Varian ◽  
Naresh C. Bal ◽  
Jessica L. Abraham ◽  
Muthu Periasamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Contractile Function ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Transport Proteins ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Banding ◽  
Plasmic Reticulum ◽  
The Right

Following pulmonary artery banding (PAB), the contractile function of right ventricle diminishes over time. Subsequently, the right atrium (RA) has to contract against a higher afterload, but it is unknown to what extent ventricular dysfunction has an effect on the atrial contractility. We hypothesized that right ventricular pressure overload may have an affect on atrial contractility and Ca2+ transport protein expression. Therefore, we induced pressure overload of the right ventricle by PAB for 10 wk in rabbits and examined the changes in the expression of Ca2+ transport proteins in the atrium. We demonstrate that PAB significantly decreased the expression of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (Serca) 2a while expression of Na+/Ca2+ exchanger-1 was significantly upregulated in the RA but not in the left atria of rabbit hearts, indicating that pressure is the major trigger. A decrease in Serca2a expression was concomitant with a significant decrease in sarcolipin (SLN), possibly indicating a compensatory role of SLN. The decreased expression of SLN was unable to completely restore sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ uptake function of Serca2a. Functional contractile assessments in isolated trabeculae showed no difference between PAB- and sham-operated rabbits at 1 Hz but displayed an enhanced force development at higher frequencies and in the presence of isoproterenol, while twitch timing was unaffected. Our results indicate that right ventricular mechanical overload due to PAB affects the expression of the Ca2+-handling proteins in the RA in rabbits.

The Hemodynamic Characteristics of Right Ventricle After Gradient Pulmonary Artery Banding in Rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Jiyang ◽  
Wan Nan ◽  
Shen Shutong ◽  
Wei Ying ◽  
Cao Yunshan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Banding ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background: Right ventricular (RV) failure induced by sustained pressure overload is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in several cardiopulmonary disorders. Reliable and reproducible animal models of RV failure are important in order to investigate disease mechanisms and effects of potential therapeutic strategies. To establish a rat model of RV failure perfectly, we observed the right ventricle and carotid artery hemodynamics characteristics in different degrees of pulmonary artery banding of rats of different body weights. Methods: Rats were subjected to 6 groups：control(0%, n=5)(pulmonary arterial banding 0%), PAB(1-30%, n=4)(pulmonary arterial banding1-30%), PAB(31-60%, n=6)(pulmonary arterial banding31-60%),PAB(61-70%, n=5)(pulmonary arterial bandin61-70%), PAB(71-80%,n=4)(pulmonary arterial banding71-80%), PAB(100%, n=3)(pulmonary arterial banding 100%). We measured the right ventricular pressure(RVP) by right heart catheterization when the pulmonary arterial was ligated. Results: The RVP gradually increased with increasing degree of banding, but when occlusion level exceeding 70%, high pressure state can be only maintained for a few minutes or seconds, and then the RVP drops rapidly until it falls below the normal pressure, which in Group F particularly evident.Conclusions: RVP have different reactions when the occlusion level is not the same, and the extent of more than 70% ligation is a successful model of acute right heart failure. These results may have important consequences for therapeutic strategies to prevent acute right heart failure.

scholarly journals Right Atrial and Ventricular Adaptation to Chronic Right Ventricular Pressure Overload

Circulation ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 112 (9_supplement) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney L. Gaynor ◽  
Hersh S. Maniar ◽  
Jeffrey B. Bloch ◽  
Paul Steendijk ◽  
Marc R. Moon
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
The Right ◽  
Conduit Function

Background— Increased mortality in patients with chronic pulmonary hypertension has been associated with elevated right atrial (RA) pressure. However, little is known about the effects of chronic right ventricular (RV) pressure overload on RA and RV dynamics or the adaptive response of the right atrium to maintain RV filling. Methods and Results— In 7 dogs, RA and RV pressure and volume (conductance catheter) were recorded at baseline and after 3 months of progressive pulmonary artery banding. RA and RV elastance (contractility) and diastolic stiffness were calculated, and RA reservoir and conduit function were quantified as RA inflow with the tricuspid valve closed versus open, respectively. With chronic pulmonary artery banding, systolic RV pressure increased from 34±7 to 70±17 mm Hg ( P <0.001), but cardiac output did not change ( P >0.78). RV elastance and stiffness both increased ( P <0.05), suggesting preserved systolic function but impaired diastolic function. In response, RA contractility improved (elastance increased from 0.28±0.12 to 0.44±0.13 mm Hg/mL; P <0.04), and the atrium became more distensible, as evidenced by increased reservoir function (49±14% versus 72±8%) and decreased conduit function (51±14% versus 28±8%; P <0.002). Conclusions— With chronic RV pressure overload, RV systolic function was preserved, but diastolic function was impaired. To compensate, RA contractility increased, and the atrium became more distensible to maintain filling of the stiffened ventricle. This compensatory response of the right atrium likely plays an important role in preventing clinical failure in chronic pulmonary hypertension.

Pulmonary artery banding is a relevant model to study the right ventricular remodeling and dysfunction that occurs in pulmonary arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Akazawa ◽  
Kenichi Okumura ◽  
Ryo Ishii ◽  
Cameron Slorach ◽  
Wei Hui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Remodeling ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Banding ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Right

Although animal models of pulmonary arterial hypertension and pressure loading are important to study right ventricular (RV) pathophysiology, pulmonary arterial hypertension models cannot interrogate RV responses independent of pulmonary vascular effects. Comparing three commonly used rat models under similar elevated RV pressure, we found that all models resulted in comparable maladaptive RV remodeling and dysfunction. Thus, these findings suggest that the pulmonary artery banding model can be used to investigate mechanisms of RV dysfunction in RV pressure overload and the effect of potential therapies.

scholarly journals P686 Right atrial, right ventricular and pulmonary cement embolism: a rare complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Akhunova ◽  
R Khayrullin ◽  
N Stekolshchikova ◽  
M Samigullin ◽  
V Padiryakov
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Atrium ◽  
Percutaneous Vertebroplasty ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Cement Embolism ◽  
The Right

Abstract A 68-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with complaints of pain in the lumbar spine. He had L5 disc herniation, Spinal stenosis of the L5 root canal - S1 on the right in the past medical history. Percutaneous vertebroplasty at the level of L3 and Th8 vertebral bodies was performed six months ago due to painful vertebral hemangioma. The man is suffering from arterial hypertension, receives antihypertensive therapy. During routine transthoracic echocardiography, a hyperechoic structure with a size of 9.5 x 0.9 cm was found in the right atrium and right ventricle. Chest computed tomography with contrast enhancement revealed signs of bone cement in the right atrium and right ventricle, in the right upper lobe artery, in the branches of the upper lobe artery, in the paravertebral venous plexuses. Considering the duration of the disease, the stable condition, the absence of clinical manifestations and disorders of intracardiac hemodynamics, it was decided to refrain from surgical treatment. Antiplatelet therapy and dynamic observation were recommended. Conclusion Percutaneous vertebroplasty is a modern minimally invasive surgical procedure for the treatment of degenerative-dystrophic diseases of the spine. However, the cement can penetrate into the paravertebral veins and migrate to the right chambers of the heart and the pulmonary artery. This clinical case demonstrates asymptomatic cement embolism of the right chambers of the heart and pulmonary artery after percutaneous vertebroplasty, detected incidentally during routine echocardiography. Abstract P686 Figure.

scholarly journals Metastatic adenocarcinoma involving the right ventricle and pulmonary artery leading to right heart failure: case report

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgut Karabag ◽  
Caner Arslan ◽  
Turab Yakisan ◽  
Aziz Vatan ◽  
Duygu Sak
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Right Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT CONTEXT: Obstruction of the right ventricular outflow tract due to metastatic disease is rare. Clinical recognition of cardiac metastatic tumors is rare and continues to present a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a patient who had severe respiratory insufficiency and whose clinical examinations revealed a giant tumor mass extending from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. We discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic options. CONCLUSION: In patients presenting with acute right heart failure, right ventricular masses should be kept in mind. Transthoracic echocardiography appears to be the most easily available, noninvasive, cost-effective and useful technique in making the differential diagnosis.

P3527Echocardiographic assessment of the right ventricle in chronic heart failure with focus on patients with atrial fibrillation

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Majos ◽  
A Kraska ◽  
I Kowalik ◽  
E Smolis-Bak ◽  
H Szwed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Rv Pacing ◽  
The Right ◽  
Rv Function

Abstract Background Assessment of the right ventricle (RV) in heart failure (HF) is challenging and requires applicable methods and parameters. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common and clinically significant arrhythmia in 30–50% of HF patients. Assessment of the RV function in patients with AF is problematic. Still little is known about RV function in HF and AF patients. The aim of the study was to assess RV function in HF with focus on AF patients. Methods Patients with HF of ischemic etiology, NYHA II-III, LVEF ≤40%, with AF and sinus rhythm (SR), underwent two- and three- dimensional echocardiography (2DE and 3DE) for assessment of the RV with use of multiple parameters. The RV was examined for: linear dimensions, end-diastolic and end-systolic areas adjusted to body surface area (RV EDA and RV ESA/BSA) and end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes adjusted to lean body mass (RV EDV and RV ESV/LBM) to reflect volume overload and in terms of right ventricular pressure (RVSP) as an index of pressure overload. RV systolic function was assessed with 2DE: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), right ventricular fractional area change (RV FAC), tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (s') and 3DE parameters: right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) and free wall right ventricular longitudinal strain (FW RVLS). Also, TAPSE/RVSP parameter was included. Results The study included 126 patients: 94 with AF and 32 with SR. Within the AF group 28 patients were treated medically, 41 had RV pacing (pacemaker or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, ICD) and 25 had cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT). In comparison with SR group AF patients had: larger RV inflow tract dimension (4.49±0.85 vs. 3.95±0.72 cm; p=0.0017), RV EDA/BSA (12.7±3.9 vs. 11.1±3.0 cm2/m2; p=0.0358) and RV ESA/BSA (8.0±3.0 vs. 6.7±2.4 cm2/m2; p=0.0226). Similarly, patients with AF had greater RV volumes in 3DE than patients with SR: RV EDV/LBM (1.82±0.60 vs. 1.61±0.38ml/kg, p=0.0267) and RV ESV/LBM (1.11±0.40 ml/kg vs. 0.81±0.28, p<0,0001). Also, in patients with AF right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) was higher (40.8±10.2 vs. 34.0±8.1 mmHg, p=0,0010). No differences in TAPSE and RVFAC were found but the relation TAPSE/RVSP was higher in AF than in SR group (0.51±0.21 vs. 0.65±0.24 cm/mmHg; p=0.0046). Also, in AF patients in comparison to SR group some parameters had worse values: s' (9.7±2.31 vs. 12.1±3.83, p=0.014), RVEF (37.2±7.3 vs. 48.2±7.5, p<0.0001 and FW RVLS (−18.3±4.6 vs. −23.9±4.23%, p<0,0001). Within the AF group no significant differences in studied variables depending on RV pacing or CRT were found. Conclusions Larger volumes and higher pressure overload of the RV were observed in patients with AF in comparison to SR. Systolic function of the RV seems to be more depressed in AF compared to SR patients with systolic heart failure. Further research in larger groups is required to identify the most applicable and valuable methods of RV evaluation.

Pressure segment length analysis of right ventricular function: influence of loading conditions

1991 ◽  
Vol 260 (4) ◽  
pp. H1087-H1097
Author(s):  
J. E. Calvin
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Function ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Segment Length ◽  
Stroke Work ◽  
Volume Changes ◽  
The Right

The purpose of this study was to determine whether segment lengths measured from the right ventricular inflow and outflow tract regions of the right ventricle would accurately reflect true volume changes of the right ventricle and to determine the response of the right ventricle to afterload increases induced by both constricting the pulmonary artery (PAC) and embolizing the pulmonary circulation with glass beads (GBE). Three excised hearts were instrumented with segment-length crystals attached to the inflow and outflow tract regions, and saline was instilled into a balloon implanted inside the right ventricular cavity. The experiments showed a high correlation (r greater than or equal to 0.90 in all cases) between static segment lengths and volume instilled. In open chest, open pericardial canine experiments, vena caval occlusion reduced end-diastolic segments lengths and right ventricular systolic pressure consistent with a reduction in right ventricular end-diastolic volume. In a separate group of animals, volume loading with dextran increased inflow and outflow end-diastolic segment lengths and increased cardiac output. In two further groups of animals, one of which was pretreated intravenously with propranolol (Inderal), both forms of pressure overload increased end-diastolic lengths in both regions. However, GBE increased right ventricular stroke work compared with PAC. We conclude that end-diastolic segment lengths reflect true volume changes of the right ventricle. Furthermore, during acute pressure overload, the right ventricle dilates to compensate for the afterload change. However, ventricular function is better maintained after GBE.

Effect of right ventricular hypertrophy on infundibular pressure gradients in dogs

1965 ◽  
Vol 209 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-518
Author(s):  
Peter E. Blundell ◽  
John R. Tobin ◽  
H. J. C. Swan
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Arteriovenous Fistula ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Pulmonary Artery Banding ◽  
Pressure Gradients

Right ventricular hypertrophy was produced in normal dogs: in six by means of pressure overload (pulmonary artery banding) and in six by means of volume overload (systemic arteriovenous fistula). A greater degree of hypertrophy resulted from the latter procedure. Right ventricular hypertrophy due to chronic pressure overload causes a greater degree of infundibular constriction and much higher pressure gradient than in normal animals or in animals with volume overload. Infundibular pressure gradients associated with severe hypertrophy due to volume overload are not significantly greater than those observed in normal dogs. Infundibular gradients are dominantly related to narrowing of the outflow tract.

scholarly journals Epigenetics, inflammation and metabolism in right heart failure associated with pulmonary hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 572-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolwenn Samson ◽  
Roxane Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricle ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Right Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Failure ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Ventricle Hypertrophy ◽  
The Right

Right ventricular failure (RVF) is the most important prognostic factor for both morbidity and mortality in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), but also occurs in numerous other common diseases and conditions, including left ventricle dysfunction. RVF remains understudied compared with left ventricular failure (LVF). However, right and left ventricles have many differences at the morphological level or the embryologic origin, and respond differently to pressure overload. Therefore, knowledge from the left ventricle cannot be extrapolated to the right ventricle. Few studies have focused on the right ventricle and have permitted to increase our knowledge on the right ventricular-specific mechanisms driving decompensation. Here we review basic principles such as mechanisms accounting for right ventricle hypertrophy, dysfunction, and transition toward failure, with a focus on epigenetics, inflammatory, and metabolic processes.

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