Left and right ventricular dimensions during ventricular fibrillation in the dog

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (2) ◽  
pp. H231-H236 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Mashiro ◽  
J. N. Cohn ◽  
R. Heckel ◽  
R. R. Nelson ◽  
J. A. Franciosa
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Diameter ◽  
Coronary Embolization ◽  
Calcium Infusion ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Ventricular Dimensions

Ventricular dimensions by surface echocardiography and intraventricular pressures were monitored in 27 dogs before and during ventricular fibrillation (VF) induced by coronary embolization (nine dogs), potassium infusion (nine dogs) and calcium infusion (nine dogs). Left ventricular diameter (LVD) fell by an average of 10.3 mm during the first 30 s after the onset of VF induced by ischemia or potassium and remained smaller than the prefibrillation end-diastolic LVD during the ensuing 10 min. LVD fell during calcium infusion, and after the onset of VF it remained only slightly larger than the preinfusion end-systolic LVD. Right ventricular (RV) diameter increased progressively for the first 2 min during VF an average of 15.9 mm. The failure of LV size to increase during VF was explained by a pressure gradient inhibiting LV filling during the early phase of VF. Despite progressive RV filling, pressure in the more compliant RV remained lower than in the LV, which exhibited reduced compliance during VF. Therefore, cardiac dilation during VF appears to be confined to the RV, and inhibition to LV filling is an important feature of the syndrome.

Dimensional analysis of right and left ventricles during positive-pressure ventilation in dogs

1982 ◽  
Vol 242 (4) ◽  
pp. H549-H556 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Cassidy ◽  
J. H. Mitchell ◽  
R. L. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Volumes ◽  
Ventricular Volumes ◽  
End Diastolic Volume ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
The Right ◽  
Ventricular Dimensions

Our purpose was to determine the effects of controlled ventilation with positive end-expired pressure (PEEP) on ventricular dimensions and to relate changes in shape to changes in stroke volume and left ventricular volumes. Left and right ventricular dimensions were measured using biplane cinefluorography of dogs with radiopaque markers implanted in their hearts, and left ventricular volumes were derived from left ventricular dimensions by assuming that the left ventricle conformed to the shape of a nonprolate ellipsoid. As PEEP increased from 0 to 5, 10, and 15 cmH2O, stroke volume fell 36%, and all three left ventricular end-diastolic dimensions fell, with apex-base falling 5%, anterior-posterior falling 7%, and septal-lateral falling nearly twice as much, 12%. This resulted in a 11.3 cm3 fall in left ventricular end-diastolic volume. The right ventricular end-diastolic dimensions changed in opposite directions with respect to each other as the level and PEEP was raised to 15 cmH2O; one axis fell 3.2 mm, and the midpoint of the right ventricular free wall moved outward by 1.7 mm. Thus the fall in cardiac output (and stroke volume) during PEEP was associated with a fall in left ventricular end-diastolic volume and a change both left and right ventricular configurations. It is not known whether the left ventricular septal-lateral narrowing is the consequence of lateral wall compression by the lungs or encroachment on the left ventricle by the septum.

Regulation of β myosin heavy chain, c-myc and c-fos proto-oncogenes in thyroid hormone-induced hypertrophy of the rat myocardium

1993 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. K. Green ◽  
M. D. Gammage ◽  
J. A. Franklyn ◽  
A. M. Heagerty ◽  
M. C. Sheppard
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Messenger Rnas ◽  
Hypertrophic Response ◽  
Left And Right

1. In order to investigate the molecular mechanisms determining the hypertrophic response of the ventricular myocardium to thyroid hormone administration, changes in left and right ventricular expression of the c-myc, c-fos and H-ras proto-oncogenes in response to treatment with 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine were defined. 2. Adult female Wistar rats were treated with daily subcutaneous injections of 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine (50 μg) for 1, 3, 7 or 14 days (n = 6 in each treatment group) and the results from 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine-treated animals were compared with those obtained from untreated controls (n = 6). Changes in the weight of the left and right ventricles in response to 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine treatment were measured; changes in expression of the c-myc, c-fos and H-ras proto-oncogenes were determined in parallel by measurement of specific messenger RNAs by Northern and dot hybridization, as well as changes in expression of β myosin heavy chain messenger RNA. 3. Treatment with 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine resulted in increases in both left and right ventricular weights after 3 days, an effect maintained up to 14 days. Despite an increase in left ventricular weight, levels of β myosin heavy chain, c-myc, c-fos and H-ras mRNAs in the left ventricle were unchanged; in contrast, an increase in right ventricular weight was associated with increased expression of β myosin heavy chain, c-myc and c-fos messenger RNAs. 4. These specific ventricular changes in gene expression, in the face of a hypertrophic response of both ventricles to 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine, suggest that the cardiac growth response to thyroid hormones reflects the well-documented secondary haemodynamic influences rather than direct gene regulatory actions of 3,3′,5-tri-iodothyronine at the transcriptional level on the genes studied. Changes in right ventricular proto-oncogene and β myosin heavy chain expression may in turn reflect an increase in right ventricular pressure load.

Reduced Intrathoracic Blood Volume and Left and Right Ventricular Dimensions in Patients With Severe Emphysema

CHEST Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 131 (4) ◽  
pp. 1050-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten Jörgensen ◽  
Markus F. Müller ◽  
Jacqueline Nel ◽  
Richard N. Upton ◽  
Erik Houltz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Intrathoracic Blood Volume ◽  
Severe Emphysema ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Ventricular Dimensions

scholarly journals Ventricular fibrillation waveform characteristics of the surface ECG: Impact of the left ventricular diameter and mass

Resuscitation ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 82-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith L. Bonnes ◽  
Jos Thannhauser ◽  
Joris Nas ◽  
Sjoerd W. Westra ◽  
Rutger M.G. Jansen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Fibrillation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Diameter ◽  
Surface Ecg

Malignant Hyperthermia Phenotype

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (6) ◽  
pp. 1777-1788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Sigg ◽  
Paul A. Iaizzo
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Hyperthermia ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Ventricular Pressure ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Induced Hypotension ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Left And Right

Background Succinylcholine causes immediate and severe arterial hypotension in swine with the malignant hyperthermia phenotype. The underlying mechanisms are unknown. Methods Malignant hyperthermia-susceptible (MHS; n = 10) and normal swine (n = 5) were anesthetized with thiopental. The following were monitored: electrocardiogram; arterial blood pressure; pulmonary artery, central venous, and left and right ventricular pressure; cardiac output; end-tidal carbon dioxide; core temperature; peripheral-blood flows; and arterial blood gases. After a control period, 2 mg/kg succinylcholine was given intravenously. Three MHS animals received 1 mg/kg vecuronium and two MHS animals received 2.5 mg/kg dantrolene intravenously. The effects of succinylcholine on left and right ventricular pressure and contractility were analyzed in isolated hearts. The effects of 0.06 mm succinylcholine on isometric tension development were recorded in isolated femoral artery rings. Results Succinylcholine caused an early, severe decrease in blood pressure, cardiac output, left ventricular pressure, and left ventricular contractility in MHS swine but not in normal swine; no significant differences were found in heart rate, right ventricular parameters, systemic vascular resistance, and preload (pulmonary diastolic pressure, central venous pressure). The succinylcholine-induced hypotension and associated effects were not prevented by dantrolene. However, pretreatment with high-dose vecuronium prevented not only the cardiovascular depression, but also MH. In addition, no phenotypic differences of succinylcholine on contractility or left ventricular pressure were observed in the isolated working hearts. Similary, succinylcholine did not cause a significantly different relaxation in rings in either phenotype. Conclusion Succinylcholine-induced hypotension occurred before muscle hypermetabolism in MHS swine. Succinylcholine had no differential physiologic effects on either the isolated heart or on isolated arteries. This hypotension could not be prevented by dantrolene but was prevented by pretreatment with high-dose vecuronium. Thus, an indirect mechanism such as the release of a cardiac depressant from skeletal muscle may have caused this hypotensive response.

scholarly journals Influence of Right Ventricular Filling Pressure on Left Ventricular Pressure and Dimension

1974 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 498-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLES E. BEMIS ◽  
JUAN R. SERUR ◽  
DAVID BORKENHAGEN ◽  
EDMUND H. SONNENBLICK ◽  
CHARLES W. URSCHEL
Keyword(s):  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Filling Pressure ◽  
Ventricular Pressure ◽  
Ventricular Filling Pressure ◽  
Right Ventricular Filling ◽  
Ventricular Filling
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