Effects of gastric distension and feeding on cardiovascular variables in the shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius)

2009 ◽  
Vol 296 (1) ◽  
pp. R171-R177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Seth ◽  
Michael Axelsson
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Gastric Distension ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure ◽  
Myoxocephalus Scorpius

We have previously shown in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) that gastric distension induces an instantaneous α-adrenoceptor-mediated increase in the dorsal aortic blood pressure (Pda), with no change in cardiac output (CO), gut blood flow (Qcma), or heart rate. To investigate if feeding habits affect these patterns and to compare the differences between gastric distension alone and feeding in the same experimental setting, we used the short-horn sculpin ( Myoxocephalus scorpius), an inactive ambush predator with a capacity to eat large meals. An inflatable balloon was placed in the stomach of one group while another group was fed fish meat. When distending the stomach with a volume corresponding to a meal of 8–10% body weight, there is a profound and long-lasting increase in systemic (123 ± 27%) and gastrointestinal (Rcma; 82 ± 24%) vascular resistance, leading to an increase in Pda (19%) without any change in CO or Qcma. After force-feeding, there is a rapid transient increase in Rcma (24 ± 4%) and an even larger Pda response (53%). There is also a subsequent increase in both CO (28 ± 8%) and Qcma (27 ± 9%) after 30 min. By 15 h, CO and Qcma increase further (41 ± 11 and 63 ± 14%, respectively), and this increase persists for up to 60 h. The increase in Qcma is mediated via both an increase in CO and a shunting of blood from the systemic circulation via a decrease in Rcma (34 ± 7%). In conclusion, the response to mechanical distension of the stomach is similar to what we have described in rainbow trout, and the postprandial gastrointestinal hyperemia is most likely chemically induced.

Cholecystokinin as a regulator of cardiac function and postprandial gastrointestinal blood flow in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

2010 ◽  
Vol 298 (5) ◽  
pp. R1240-R1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Seth ◽  
Albin Gräns ◽  
Michael Axelsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Physiological Concentration ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Gastrointestinal Blood Flow

We have studied the potential role of CCK as a regulator/modulator of the postprandial increase in gastrointestinal blood flow. Rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) were instrumented with pulsed Doppler flow probes to measure the effects of CCK on cardiac output and gastrointestinal blood flow. Furthermore, vascular preparations were used to study the direct effects of CCK on the vessels. In addition, we used in situ perfused hearts to further study the effects of CCK on the cardiovascular system. When the sulfated form of CCK-8 was injected at a physiological concentration (0.19 pmol/kg) in vivo, there was a significant increase in the gastrointestinal blood flow (18 ± 4%). This increase in gastrointestinal blood flow was followed by a subsequent increase in cardiac output (30 ± 6%). When the dose was increased to 0.76 pmol/kg, there was only a 14 ± 6% increase in gastrointestinal blood flow; possibly due to a dose-dependent increase in the gill vascular resistance as previously reported or a direct effect on the heart. Nevertheless, CCK did not affect the isolated vessel preparations, and thus, it seems unlikely that CCK has a direct effect on the blood vessels of the second or third order. CCK did, however, have profound effects on the dynamics of the heart, and without a change in cardiac output, there was a significant increase in the amplitude (59 ± 4%) and rate (dQ/d t: 55 ± 4%; -dQ/d t: 208 ± 49%) of the phasic flow profile. If and how this might be coupled to a postprandial gastrointestinal hyperemia remains to be determined. We conclude that CCK has the potential as a regulator of the postprandial gastrointestinal blood flow in fish and most likely has its effect by inducing a gastrointestinal hyperemia. The mechanism by which CCK acts is at present unknown.

Effects of swimming and environmental hypoxia on coronary blood flow in rainbow trout

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (5) ◽  
pp. R1258-R1266 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Gamperl ◽  
M. Axelsson ◽  
A. P. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Coronary Blood Flow ◽  
Swimming Speed ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Cardiac Performance ◽  
Coronary Perfusion ◽  
Cardiac Power ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

Previous studies have suggested that trout cardiac performance is highly dependent on coronary blood flow during periods of increased activity or hypoxia. To examine the relationship between coronary perfusion and cardiac performance in swimming trout, cardiac output (Q), coronary blood flow (qcor), and dorsal aortic blood pressure were measured in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during normoxia and hypoxia (PO2 approximately 9 kPa). In normoxic trout, stepwise changes in cardiovascular variables were observed as the swimming speed was incrementally increased from 0.15 body lengths (bl)/s to 1.0 bl/s. At 1.0 bl/s, qcor and cardiac power output had both increased by approximately 110%, and coronary artery resistance (Rcor) had decreased by 40%. During hypoxia, resting qcor was 35% higher, and Rcor was 20% lower, compared with normoxic values. In hypoxic swimming trout, the maximum changes in qcor (155% increase) and Rcor (50% decrease) were recorded at 0.75 bl/s. In contrast, cardiac power output and Q increased by an additional 40 and 20%, respectively, as swimming speed was increased from 0.75 to 1.0 bl/s. The results indicate that 1) increases in qcor parallel changes in cardiac power output; 2) during hypoxia there are compensatory increases in cardiac performance and coronary perfusion; and 3) the scope for increasing qcor in swimming trout is approximately 150%. In addition, results from preliminary experiments suggest that beta-adrenergic, but not cholinergic, mechanisms are involved in the regulation of coronary blood flow during exercise.

scholarly journals Meat Quality of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus Mykiss) from the Bistrișorii Valley Trout Farm, Alba County

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Andrada IHUŢ ◽  
Camelia RĂDUCU ◽  
Daniel COCAN ◽  
Călin LAȚIU ◽  
Paul UIUIU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Classical System ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
As Species ◽  
Soxhlet Method ◽  
Kjeldahl Method

Fish meat represents a great energy source in human nutrition, due to its content in high biological value protein, lipids which contain omega acids and minerals. The chemical composition of fish meat can be influenced by several factors such as: species, administered feed, environment, age and spawning period. The aim of this research was to analyse the chemical composition of the rainbow trout meat reared in the fishery Valea Bistrişorii, in a classical system. The determination of water (W %), minerals (M %) and dry matter (DM %) content was performed by calcination. The crude fat (CF %) was determined by Soxhlet method and crude protein (CP %) by the Kjeldahl method. Analysing the chemical composition of the rainbow trout meat, the following values were obtained: W = 73.60 ± 0.23%; DM = 26.40 ± 0.14%; CP = 18.21 ± 0.14%; CF = 6.87%; M = 1.32%.The obtained data offers useful information of meat chemical composition for selection of future breeders and improving the rainbow troutraised in the Bistrişorii Valley.

A major allergen in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): complete sequences of parvalbumin by MALDI tandem mass spectrometry

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2373-2382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Aiello ◽  
Stefano Materazzi ◽  
Roberta Risoluti ◽  
Hariprasad Thangavel ◽  
Leonardo Di Donna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Major Allergen ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Complete Sequences

Fish parvalbumin (PRVB) is an abundant and stable protein in fish meat.

Cardiovascular responses in vivo to angiotensin II and the peptide antagonist saralasin in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.

1998 ◽  
Vol 201 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Fuentes ◽  
F B Eddy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Hypotensive Effect ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Aortic Blood Pressure

The effects of [Asn1,Val5]-angiotensin II (AngII) and [Sar1,Val5, Ala8]-angiotensin II (saralasin) on dorsal aortic blood pressure, pulse pressure and heart rate were examined in rainbow trout in vivo. AngII when administered as a single dose of 25 microg kg-1 induced a biphasic response in blood pressure, with a significant hypertensive response during the initial 10 min, followed by a significant hypotension of 70-75 % compared with the initial blood pressure after 50 min and continuing until approximately 80 min post-injection. The co-administration of AngII (25 microg kg-1) and saralasin (50 microg kg-1) resulted in the same hypertensive response during the initial phase, but abolished the hypotensive effect of AngII. Heart rate was significantly increased in response to AngII, but the administration of AngII and saralasin together attenuated the increase by approximately 44 %. Stimulation of the endogenous renin-angiotensin system using a vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside, significantly increased drinking rate in rainbow trout fry, a response inhibited by saralasin, indicating a role for AngII-induced hypotension in drinking. For the first time, a decrease in blood pressure in response to AngII in vivo has been demonstrated in fish, and this is discussed in relation to homeostasis of blood pressure and a possible role in the control of drinking.

scholarly journals Assessment of trout populations inhabiting the Palena River, southern Chile

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-39
Author(s):  
Sandra Bravo ◽  
Ken Whelan ◽  
María Teresa Silva
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Recreational Angling ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta ◽  
Gravid Females

A survey of trout species was carried out to assess the trout stocks' quality inhabiting the Palena River Basin, one of the most important rivers for recreational angling in Chilean Patagonia. Six sampling campaigns were carried out over 16 selected stretches of the river between February 2012 and June 2013. A total of 912 trout were collected, 57% rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), 33.3% brown trout (Salmo trutta), and 9.6% brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Also, one tiger trout (Salmo trutta × Salvelinus fontinalis) (a hybrid between brown and brook trout) was recorded. Results showed that both rainbow trout and brown trout shared the same reaches of the river, with very similar feeding habits, while brook trout inhabited smaller and more enclosed streams. Maturity stages (V-VI) were recorded from the fish sampled over the period spring-summer-autumn in the case of rainbow trout; autumn-winter for brook trout, and summer-autumn for brook trout. One of the study's most notable features was the small size of the mature brook trout, reaching 17.5 cm in length for gravid females and 12.4 cm for mature males at age 2+. The maximum age recorded for rainbow and brown trout was 6+, with a maximum length of 69.8 and 58.5cm, respectively, while for brook trout, the maximum age recorded was 3+ for a female with a length of 29.9 cm length and 2+ for a male of 16.6 cm.

scholarly journals INTRINSIC MECHANISMS CONTROLLING CARDIAC STOMACH VOLUME OF THE RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) FOLLOWING GASTRIC DISTENSION

1992 ◽  
Vol 163 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID J. GROVE ◽  
SUSANNE HOLMGREN
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Gastric Distension ◽  
Maximum Volume ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cardiac Stomach ◽  
Gastric Tone ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Rhythmic Contractions ◽  
Stomach Volume

1. Inflation of the cardiac stomach of the rainbow trout induced reflex muscular contractions. The stomach then slowly relaxed asymptotically towards its maximum volume. Continued distension caused the stomach to become compliant and this was irreversible within the time course of each experiment (8h). Repeated periods of rest and distension revealed a short-term inhibition of reflex contractions which recovered as resting periods were extended. Sectioning the vagosympathetic trunk did not influence the response to distension. Similar responses occurred in isolated, perfused stomachs. 2. Both tetrodotoxin and atropine plus methysergide induced immediate compliance, suggesting that it was caused by the blockade of enteric excitatory neurones. Atropine alone primarily reduced reflex contractions whilst methysergide completed this suppression and induced profound gastric relaxation. 3. Somatostatin reversibly suppressed reflex contractions whilst vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) induced gastric relaxation. 4. A model is proposed in which distension initially causes reflex activity via cholinergic and serotonergic nerves, whilst gastric tone remains high. Somatostatin then suppresses rhythmic contractions, whilst VIP suppresses the tryptaminergic mechanisms that maintain gastric tone. 5. The rainbow trout stomach possesses intrinsic mechanisms that mimic the extrinsic, nerve-controlled ‘receptive relaxation’ or ‘accommodation’ that follows feeding in higher vertebrates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document