Relation to the Central Nervous System of Neural Pathways Mediating Histamine Flare and Nicotine Sweating

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph R. Sonnenschein ◽  
Maurice Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Resection of a cystic brainstem hemangioblastoma via a retrosigmoid approach

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (v1supplement) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Lee ◽  
Yvette D. Marquez ◽  
Steven L. Giannotta
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Technical Challenge ◽  
Cystic Component ◽  
Complete Surgical Resection ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Vascular Structures

Lesions of the brainstem pose a technical challenge due to their close proximity to critical vascular structures, neural pathways, and nuclei. Hemangioblastomas are rare lesions of the central nervous system and can cause significant neurological dysfunction, primarily due to enlargement of the cystic component. This is especially relevant when hemangioblastomas occur in eloquent brainstem regions. However, the outcomes after hemangioblastoma resection are good if complete surgical resection of the tumor of the mural nodule, can be achieved. This video demonstrates the excision of a brainstem hemangioblastoma via a left retrosigmoid craniotomy under Stealth guidance.The video can be found here: http://youtu.be/bCkuaPwMV20.

Neural pathways mediating salivary fluid secretion in the ixodid tick Amblyomma hebraeum

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 1976-1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. R. Kaufman ◽  
R. A. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Ixodid Tick ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Sensory Receptor ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Amblyomma Hebraeum ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Cholinomimetic Drugs

In ixodid ticks, the salivary glands are innervated by at least two nerves: one arising from the so called lateral plexus (SGNlp) and one arising as a branch of the palpal nerve (SGNpn). The injection of cholinomimetic drugs or large volumes of isosmotic saline into the haemocoel is known to stimulate salivary fluid secretion. The object of this study was to determine which nerves mediate the latter responses. We challenged ticks with either carbachol or isosmotic saline after cutting various nerves bilaterally. Cutting the SGNlp attenuated both carbachol-induced and saline-induced secretion. Cutting the opisthosomal nerves attenuated only saline-induced secretion. Cutting the SGNpn appeared to inhibit salivation in a nonspecific manner. The data indicate that saline-induced salivation is mediated by a sensory receptor located in the opisthosoma, whereas carbachol exerts its effect either in the central nervous system or via a sensory receptor located in the cephalothorax.

scholarly journals Conduction properties of identified neural pathways in the central nervous system of mice in vivo

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisataka Tanaka ◽  
Katsuhiko Ono ◽  
Hiroshi Shibasaki ◽  
Tadashi Isa ◽  
Kazuhiro Ikenaka
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Conduction Properties

Effects of Hyperoxia on Lung Utrastructure

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 26-27
Author(s):  
Gladys Harrison
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Oxygen Effects ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Space Age ◽  
Alveolar Septa ◽  
Extensive Damage

With the advent of the space age and the need to determine the requirements for a space cabin atmosphere, oxygen effects came into increased importance, even though these effects have been the subject of continuous research for many years. In fact, Priestly initiated oxygen research when in 1775 he published his results of isolating oxygen and described the effects of breathing it on himself and two mice, the only creatures to have had the “privilege” of breathing this “pure air”.Early studies had demonstrated the central nervous system effects at pressures above one atmosphere. Light microscopy revealed extensive damage to the lungs at one atmosphere. These changes which included perivascular and peribronchial edema, focal hemorrhage, rupture of the alveolar septa, and widespread edema, resulted in death of the animal in less than one week. The severity of the symptoms differed between species and was age dependent, with young animals being more resistant.

Emigration of neutrophils in the central nervous system

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 788-789
Author(s):  
John L.Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller ◽  
Jane Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Arterial Perfusion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Intracisternal Injection ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Interendothelial Junctions

Studies using mesenteric and ear chamber preparations have shown that interendothelial junctions provide the route for neutrophil emigration during inflammation. The term emigration refers to the passage of white blood cells across the endothelium from the vascular lumen. Although the precise pathway of transendo- thelial emigration in the central nervous system (CNS) has not been resolved, the presence of different physiological and morphological (tight junctions) properties of CNS endothelium may dictate alternate emigration pathways.To study neutrophil emigration in the CNS, we induced meningitis in guinea pigs by intracisternal injection of E. coli bacteria.In this model, leptomeningeal inflammation is well developed by 3 hr. After 3 1/2 hr, animals were sacrificed by arterial perfusion with 3% phosphate buffered glutaraldehyde. Tissues from brain and spinal cord were post-fixed in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated in alcohols and propylene oxide, and embedded in Epon. Thin serial sections were cut with diamond knives and examined in a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Mammalian Bone Marrow Acetylcholinesterase

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 44-45
Author(s):  
Ezzatollah Keyhani
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Extracellular Medium ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mammalian Bone

Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7) (ACHE) has been localized at cholinergic junctions both in the central nervous system and at the periphery and it functions in neurotransmission. ACHE was also found in other tissues without involvement in neurotransmission, but exhibiting the common property of transporting water and ions. This communication describes intracellular ACHE in mammalian bone marrow and its secretion into the extracellular medium.

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