Independence of brain and tympanic temperatures in an unanesthetized human

Temperature within the brain and the esophagus and at the tympanum were obtained in a 12-yr-old male in a series of experiments that began 8 days after surgery for implantation of a drainage catheter. Fanning the face did reduce tympanic temperature but not temperature in the brain; brain temperatures followed esophageal temperatures. In long-term monitoring, temperature in the lateral ventricle was 0.5 degree C above esophageal temperature and 0.2 degree C below that in white matter 1 cm above, with the offsets fixed throughout the overnight cycle. All temperatures went through similar excursions when the face was excluded from fanning applied to the body. These observations highlight the fact that in humans the defense against hyperthermia takes advantage of cooling distributed over the entire skin surface.

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Combined Modality of the Brain Code Approach for Early Detection and Long-term Monitoring of Neurodegenerative Processes

Frontiers in Neuroinformatics ◽

10.3389/conf.fninf.2013.10.00043 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Howard Newton ◽

Bergmann Jeroen ◽

Stein John

Keyword(s):

Early Detection ◽

Combined Modality ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

The Brain ◽

Term Monitoring

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Long-term monitoring of mammals in the face of biotic and abiotic influences at a semiarid site in north-central Chile

Ecology ◽

10.1890/12-1811.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 94 (4) ◽

pp. 977-977 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

D. A. Kelt ◽

P. L. Meserve ◽

J. R. Gutiérrez ◽

W. Bryan Milstead ◽

M. A. Previtali

Keyword(s):

North Central ◽

Central Chile ◽

The Face ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

Abiotic Influences ◽

Term Monitoring

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First description of epizoic ciliates (Sessilida Stein, 1933) on Bathyporeia Lindström, 1855 (Peracarida, Amphipoda) and infestation patterns in brackish and marine waters

Crustaceana ◽

10.1163/15685403-00003741 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 133-152

Author(s):

Sander Wijnhoven ◽

Karin L. Zwiep ◽

Herman Hummel

Keyword(s):

Ecological Niche ◽

Ventral Side ◽

The Body ◽

Body Parts ◽

Front Part ◽

Water Currents ◽

Food Items ◽

Long Term Monitoring ◽

Term Monitoring

During a re-examination of macrozoobenthic samples from a long-term monitoring programme in the Dutch Oosterschelde and Westerschelde, the abundant presence of peritrich ciliates on specimens ofBathyporeiaLindström, 1855, was discovered. Out of the more than 3500Bathyporeiaspecimens investigated, 44% contained ciliates. AlthoughBathyporeia sarsiWatkin, 1938 was significantly more often infested thanBathyporeia pilosaLindström, 1855, these differences in infestation rates were largely due to differences between water bodies with higher infestation rates in the polyhaline than in the mesohaline reach. Observation of additionally collected living specimens and freshly preserved material showed that at least two, and likely three, species of ciliates are present of which two might be undescribed so far. One of the observed species matchesZoothamnium nanumKahl, 1933. A second species belongs to the genusEpistylisEhrenberg, 1830, but does not seem to match a so far known species. This also accounts for a possible third species belonging to the genusZoothamniumBory de St. Vincent, 1826, deviating fromZ. nanumamongst others in the habitus of the stalk. The front part ofBathyporeiaspp. and the antennae in particular, significantly more often harboured ciliates than the remainder of the body, where additional ciliates were only found on the ventral side. This shows that the peritrich ciliates benefit from the water currents induced by the basibiont, providing food items, but might also indicate thatBathyporeiaspp. benefits from the presence of the epibionts as they are most prevalent on the body parts that are easiest to clean. Analyses of densities and distributions of epibiont and basibiont species gave first indications of the ecological niche of the peritrich ciliate communities.

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