Influence of thyroid hormones and catecholamines on myosin of swim-exercised rats

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 973-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Rupp ◽  
R. Wahl
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
The Body ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Intermittent Access ◽  
Beta Blocking ◽  
Access To Food

To define the physiological signals involved in the redirection of myosin expression in the swim-exercised rat, the relative influence of thyroid hormones and beta-adrenergic blockade was determined. Swimming exercise resulted in an increased proportion of myosin V1 (60.9 +/- 9.7 vs. 38.0 +/- 4.1% of sedentary rats fed ad libitum) but did not increase serum concentrations of total and free thyroxine or triiodothyronine determined either 17-21 h or immediately after swimming. The proportion of V1 increased, although intermittently food-deprived rats with the body weight of swimming rats exhibited a reduced proportion of V1 (23.5 +/- 2.7). When swimming rats had only intermittent access to food, they had reduced concentrations of all thyroid hormones, but the proportion of V1 (51.5 +/- 7.6) was nonetheless increased. Thus the redirection of myosin expression cannot be attributed to an increased secretion of thyroid hormones. The influence of the adrenergic system was assessed by treating swimming rats with the beta-blocking drug atenolol. Because the proportion of V1 was reduced, but thyroid hormones were not affected, beta-adrenergic blockade seems to influence myosin expression independently of thyroid hormones.

Beta-adrenergic blockade alters whole-body leucine metabolism in humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 221-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. Lamont ◽  
D. G. Patel ◽  
S. C. Kalhan
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Beta Blockade ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Leucine Metabolism ◽  
Leucine Oxidation ◽  
Tracer Dilution

This study examined the effects of a nonselective beta-blocking agent on whole-body leucine metabolism in humans. Five normal, healthy subjects (4 male, 1 female) underwent a 6-h primed, constant-rate infusion of L-[1–13C]leucine after 5 days of twice daily oral use of 80 mg propranolol and a placebo. Leucine turnover was determined by tracer dilution and leucine oxidation by 13C enrichment of the expired CO2. Propranolol decreased the total daily energy expenditure from 1,945 +/- 177.5 to 1,619 +/- 92.5 kcal/day (P less than 0.05). A fasting associated decrease in blood glucose and an attenuated rise in free fatty acids and ketones were observed during beta-blockade. Propranolol also increased plasma leucine concentrations (73.1 +/- 8.7 to 103.4 +/- 7.3 mumol/l; P less than 0.05) and leucine oxidation (13.2 +/- 1.2 to 17.1 +/- 1.3 mumol.kg-1.h-1; P less than 0.05), although leucine turnover was not significantly altered (100.5 +/- 7.3 vs. 126.0 +/- 12.3 mumol.kg-1.h-1). In addition, the urinary urea nitrogen-to-creatinine ratio was greater during propranolol administration (0.24 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.34 +/- 0.02 mol/g; P less than 0.05). These data suggest that the beta-adrenergic system plays a role in the modulation of whole-body leucine metabolism in humans. Whether these changes are the result of a direct effect on skeletal muscle or an indirect effect mediated by altering the fuel supply to skeletal muscle cannot be discriminated by the present study.

Beta-adrenergic blockade in ponies with recurrent obstructive pulmonary disease

1988 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 2324-2328 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Scott ◽  
R. V. Broadstone ◽  
F. J. Derksen ◽  
N. E. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Clinical Remission ◽  
Dynamic Compliance ◽  
Airway Responsiveness ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Recurrent Airway Obstruction ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Caliber

Ponies with recurrent airway obstruction have hyperresponsive airways during acute disease exacerbations but not during clinical remission. We examined the effect of beta-adrenergic blockade with propranolol on airway responsiveness to aerosol histamine in six ponies with recurrent airway obstruction and six age- and gender-matched controls. Measurements were made with principal ponies in clinical remission (period A) and during an acute period of airway obstruction (period B). beta-Adrenergic blockade did not change airway responsiveness, dynamic compliance (Cdyn), or pulmonary resistance (RL) in either group of ponies at period A or in the control ponies at period B. In principal ponies at period B, propranolol significantly increased RL but was without effect on Cdyn or airway responsiveness. We conclude that the beta-adrenergic system is involved in the control of central airway caliber in principal ponies at period B but that this system does not seem to be involved in the mechanism of airway hyperresponsiveness to histamine.

Beta-Blocking Drugs and Renin Secretion in the Anaesthetized Dog

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 105s-107s
Author(s):  
J. L. Imbs ◽  
J. Kraetz ◽  
M. Schmidt ◽  
E. Desaulles ◽  
J. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Renal Nerves ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Aortic Constriction ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Beta Blocking ◽  
Anaesthetized Dog ◽  
Stimulation Of

1. The effect of propranolol and sotalol on renin secretion was studied in the anaesthetized dog. 2. Beta-adrenergic blockade did not modify basal renin secretion and did not affect the rise of renin secretion induced by haemorrhage or aortic constriction. 3. Beta-adrenergic blockade diminished the rise in renin secretion induced by stimulation of the renal nerves.

scholarly journals Beta-adrenergic Blockade at Memory Encoding, but Not Retrieval, Decreases the Subjective Sense of Recollection

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 895-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrike Rimmele ◽  
Sandra F. Lackovic ◽  
Russell H. Tobe ◽  
Bennett L. Leventhal ◽  
Elizabeth A. Phelps
Keyword(s):  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Contrast Administration ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Behavioral Evidence ◽  
Emotional Events

Humans remember emotional events not only better but also exhibit a qualitatively distinct recollective experience—that is, emotion intensifies the subjective vividness of the memory, the sense of reliving the event, and confidence in the accuracy of the memory [Phelps, E. A., & Sharot, T. How (and why) emotion enhances the subjective sense of recollection. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 147–152, 2008]. Although it has been demonstrated that activation of the beta-adrenergic system, linked to increases in stress hormone levels and physiological arousal, mediates enhanced emotional memory accuracy, the mechanism underlying the increased subjective sense of recollection is unknown. Behavioral evidence suggests that increased arousal associated with emotional events, either at encoding or retrieval, underlies their increased subjective sense of recollection. Using a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject design, we showed that reducing arousal at encoding through oral intake of 80-mg of the beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol decreases the subjective sense of recollection for both negative and neutral stimuli 24 hr later. In contrast, administration of propranolol before memory retrieval did not alter the subjective sense of recollection. These results suggest that the neurohormonal changes underlying increased arousal at the time of memory formation, rather than the time of memory retrieval, modulate the subjective sense of recollection.

TREATMENT OF THYROID CRISIS BY BETA-ADRENERGIC BLOCKADE

1968 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Buckle
Keyword(s):  
Specific Treatment ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Symptomatic Improvement ◽  
Adrenergic Blockade ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Blocking Agents ◽  
Thyroid Crisis ◽  
Beta Blocking ◽  
Adrenergic Blocking ◽  
Beta Adrenergic Blocking Agents

ABSTRACT Two patients in thyroid crisis were treated with the beta-blocking agents pronethalol and propranalol. Initial specific treatment with iodine and carbimazole and supportive therapy, which included sedation, chlorpromazine and steroids were without effect, and both patients deteriorated. Treatment with pronethalol or propranol was associated with marked symptomatic improvement; the pulse, temperature and respiratory rates falling rapidly, whilst hyperexcitability, restlessness and tremor subsided. In one patient cardiac arrhythmia was controlled. Crisis was associated with a marked elevation of plasma free fatty acids, the levels of which fell abruptly with treatment. Beta-adrenergic blocking agents may be of value in the management of crisis until specific anti-thyroid therapy becomes effective.

scholarly journals Beta-adrenergic blocker treatment for COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasanthakumar Natesan
Keyword(s):  
Septic Shock ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Adrenergic Agonists ◽  
Beta Adrenergic ◽  
Adrenergic Blocker ◽  
Adrenergic Blockers

More than 2.5 million people were affected by COVID-19 and it had caused around 175000 deaths as of April 23, 2020. Currently no effective treatment option is present for COVID-19 patients. Even though many drugs have been proposed, none of them showed its efficacy in clinical trials. In this article, I had briefly reviewed the current scenario of COVID-19 condition, and focused on the Adrenergic system- RAAS relation in COVID-19 and proposed a vicious Adrenergic system-RAAS-ACE2-SARS-CoV-2 (ARAS) loop. Hyperactivation of ARAS loop may be the underlying pathophysiological mechanism in COVID-19. I had proposed beta-adrenergic blockers as a potential treatment option for treating COVID-19. Beta-adrenergic blockers by its negative regulation of RAAS pathway may decrease ACE2 receptors expression and CD147 in various cells in the body including typeII pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells and decrease the SARS-CoV-2 virus cellular entry. Beta-adrenergic blocker may also exert beneficial affects through inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome, and reduction of proinflammatory cytokines like IL-6, reduced expression of MUC5AC, and decreasing airway mucus secretion. Beta-adrenergic blockers may decrease the morbidity and mortality in COVID-19 patients by preventing or reducing the ARDS, pulmonary embolism, pulmonary edema, refractory hypoxemia, and Septic shock complications. Considering potential beneficial effects of beta-adrenergic blockers in COVID-19, retrospective and prospective clinical trials needs to conducted to check the validity of the hypothesis and clarify its role in COVID-19. I had speculated that Beta2-adrenergic agonists use in the nebulizers and norepinephrine use in the COVID-19 patients having septic shock may worsen the condition. I suggest that Beta-adrenergic blockers should be used in the treatment of COVID-19, and norepinephrine, beta2-adrenergic agonists should be avoided in COVID-19.

The Role of Zinc in Thyroid Hormones Metabolism

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 80-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Soares Severo ◽  
Jennifer Beatriz Silva Morais ◽  
Taynáh Emannuelle Coelho de Freitas ◽  
Ana Letícia Pereira Andrade ◽  
Mayara Monte Feitosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Zinc Transporters ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
Regulatory Effects ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract. Thyroid hormones play an important role in body homeostasis by facilitating metabolism of lipids and glucose, regulating metabolic adaptations, responding to changes in energy intake, and controlling thermogenesis. Proper metabolism and action of these hormones requires the participation of various nutrients. Among them is zinc, whose interaction with thyroid hormones is complex. It is known to regulate both the synthesis and mechanism of action of these hormones. In the present review, we aim to shed light on the regulatory effects of zinc on thyroid hormones. Scientific evidence shows that zinc plays a key role in the metabolism of thyroid hormones, specifically by regulating deiodinases enzymes activity, thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) synthesis, as well as by modulating the structures of essential transcription factors involved in the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Serum concentrations of zinc also appear to influence the levels of serum T3, T4 and TSH. In addition, studies have shown that Zinc transporters (ZnTs) are present in the hypothalamus, pituitary and thyroid, but their functions remain unknown. Therefore, it is important to further investigate the roles of zinc in regulation of thyroid hormones metabolism, and their importance in the treatment of several diseases associated with thyroid gland dysfunction.

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