Intramyocellular lipid content is increased after exercise in nonexercising human skeletal muscle

Intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content has been reported to decrease after prolonged submaximal exercise in active muscle and, therefore, seems to form an important local substrate source. Because exercise leads to a substantial increase in plasma free fatty acid (FFA) availability with a concomitant increase in FFA uptake by muscle tissue, we aimed to investigate potential differences in the net changes in IMCL content between contracting and noncontracting skeletal muscle after prolonged endurance exercise. IMCL content was quantified by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in eight trained cyclists before and after a 3-h cycling protocol (55% maximal energy output) in the exercising vastus lateralis and the nonexercising biceps brachii muscle. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise to determine plasma FFA, glycerol, and triglyceride concentrations, and substrate oxidation was measured with indirect calorimetry. Prolonged endurance exercise resulted in a 20.4 ± 2.8% ( P < 0.001) decrease in IMCL content in the vastus lateralis muscle. In contrast, we observed a substantial (37.9 ± 9.7%; P < 0.01) increase in IMCL content in the less active biceps brachii muscle. Plasma FFA and glycerol concentrations were substantially increased after exercise (from 85 ± 6 to 1,450 ± 55 and 57 ± 11 to 474 ± 54 μM, respectively; P < 0.001), whereas plasma triglyceride concentrations were decreased (from 1,498 ± 39 to 703 ± 7 μM; P < 0.001). IMCL is an important substrate source during prolonged moderate-intensity exercise and is substantially decreased in the active vastus lateralis muscle. However, prolonged endurance exercise with its concomitant increase in plasma FFA concentration results in a net increase in IMCL content in less active muscle.

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A Morphometric And Ultrastructural Evaluation of Capillaries In Rabbit Vastus Lateralis Muscle Before and After Compressed Air Massage

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s1431927603447193 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 9 (S02) ◽

pp. 1438-1439

Author(s):

M.A. Gregory ◽

M. Mars

Keyword(s):

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Compressed Air ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Lateralis Muscle ◽

Before And After

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Efeitos agudos do alongamento estático passivo sobre a arquitetura muscular do vasto lateral de jovens saudáveis

Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance ◽

10.5007/1980-0037.2017v19n5p585 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 585

Author(s):

Eurico Peixoto César ◽

Letícia De Oliveira Teixeira ◽

Daniel Vieira Braña Côrtes de Souza ◽

Paulo Sergio Chagas Gomes

Keyword(s):

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Muscle Architecture ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Static Stretching ◽

Fascicle Length ◽

Knee Position ◽

Heel Contact ◽

Lateralis Muscle ◽

Before And After

The aim of the study was to investigate the acute effects of passive static stretching (PSS) on the fascicle length (FL) and fascicle angle (FA) of the vastus lateralis muscle (VL) in two different joint positions. Twelve physically active men (26.9 ± 7.5 years, 178.6 ± 7.0 cm, and 82.5 ± 16.8 kg) were placed in the prone position for the acquisition of ultrasound images (US) of VL, registered with extended and totally flexed knee up to the heel contact with the gluteus, before and after a PSS routine comprised of three 30-s repetitions maintained in the maximal discomfort position as reported by the participant. Results of the paired t-test indicated an increase in FL (16.2%; p = 0.012) and reduction in FA (15.5%; p = 0.003) in pre vs. post stretching comparisons for the extended knee position. There was also a significant increase in FL (34%; p = 0.0001) and reduction in FA (25%; p = 0.0007) when compared the extended knee vs. flexed knee positions. There were no significant differences in muscle architecture variables for the flexed knee position. The results showed high and moderate correlation of FL and FA for the extended (r = -0.89 and r = -0.74) and flexed knee (r = -0.76 and r = -0.78) position, pre and post stretching, respectively. It was concluded that the static stretching acutely affects the vastus lateralis muscle architecture only in the extended knee position, but not in the flexed knee position.

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A moderate glycemic meal before endurance exercise can enhance performance

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1998.84.1.53 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 53-59 ◽

Cited By ~ 60

Author(s):

John P. Kirwan ◽

Donal O’Gorman ◽

William J. Evans

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fiber ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Muscle Glycogen ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Time To Exhaustion ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Exercise Time ◽

Breakfast Cereals ◽

Lateralis Muscle

Kirwan, John P., Donal O’Gorman, and William J. Evans.A moderate glycemic meal before endurance exercise can enhance performance. J. Appl. Physiol. 84(1): 53–59, 1998.—The purpose of this study was to determine whether presweetened breakfast cereals with various fiber contents and a moderate glycemic index optimize glucose availability and improve endurance exercise performance. Six recreationally active women ate 75 g of available carbohydrate in the form of breakfast cereals: sweetened whole-grain rolled oats (SRO, 7 g of dietary fiber) or sweetened whole-oat flour (SOF, 3 g of dietary fiber) and 300 ml of water or water alone (Con). The meals were provided 45 min before semirecumbent cycle ergometer exercise to exhaustion at 60% of peak O2consumption (V˙o2 peak). Diet and physical activity were controlled by having the subjects reside in the General Clinical Research Center for 2 days before each trial. Blood samples were drawn from an antecubital vein for glucose, free fatty acid (FFA), glycerol, insulin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine determination. Breath samples were obtained at 15-min intervals after meal ingestion and at 30-min intervals during exercise. Muscle glycogen concentration was determined from biopsies taken from the vastus lateralis muscle before the meal and immediately after exercise. Plasma FFA concentrations were lower ( P < 0.05) during the SRO and SOF trials for the first 60 and 90 min of exercise, respectively, than during the Con trial. Respiratory exchange ratios were higher ( P < 0.05) at 90 and 120 min of exercise for the SRO and SOF trials, respectively, than for the Con trial. At exhaustion, glucose, insulin, FFA, glycerol, epinephrine, and norepinephrine concentrations, respiratory exchange ratio, and muscle glycogen use in the vastus lateralis muscle were similar for all trials. Exercise time to exhaustion was 16% longer ( P < 0.05) during the SRO than during the Con trial: 266.5 ± 13 and 225.1 ± 8 min, respectively. There was no difference in exercise time for the SOF (250.8 ± 12) and Con trials. We conclude that eating a meal with a high dietary fiber content and moderate glycemic index 45 min before prolonged moderately intense exercise significantly enhances exercise capacity.

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Nonlinear relationship between heat production and force during voluntary contractions in humans

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1995.79.6.2043 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 79 (6) ◽

pp. 2043-2049 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

E. Saugen ◽

N. K. Vollestad

Keyword(s):

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Heat Rate ◽

Motor Units ◽

Voluntary Contraction ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Active Muscle ◽

Lateralis Muscle ◽

Rate Coding ◽

Voluntary Contractions ◽

Typical Subject

The rate of temperature rise (dT/dt) in the vastus lateralis muscle of seven subjects was measured at four to five locations in each muscle during voluntary isometric contractions ranging from 10 to 90% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force. dT/dt increased from 3.1 +/- 1.1 mK/s at 10% MVC to 14.5 +/- 1.3 mK/s at 90% MVC. In the typical subject, the increase in dT/dt with force was markedly higher between 30 and 70% MVC than in the upper and lower force ranges. The estimated ratio between heat rate in active muscle and force was six times higher at 10% MVC than at 90% MVC, indicating a markedly increasing economy of contraction with increasing force. The lower contraction economy at low forces may be explained by an increased rate of energy turnover associated with force generation and relaxation when motor units are contracting at low firing rates. Hence, we argue that recruitment and rate coding may have a profound effect on the economy of contraction at different force levels.

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Fasting for 72 h increases intramyocellular lipid content in nondiabetic, physically fit men

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00108.2002 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 283 (6) ◽

pp. E1185-E1191 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

S. R. Stannard ◽

M. W. Thompson ◽

K. Fairbairn ◽

B. Huard ◽

T. Sachinwalla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Insulin ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Serum Triglyceride ◽

Plasma Free Fatty Acid ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Intramyocellular Lipid ◽

Plasma Ffa ◽

Intramyocellular Lipid Content

The purpose of this study was to determine changes in intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content in the vastus lateralis of nondiabetic, physically fit males over 72 h of fasting. Six men, mean age 35 yr (range 23–55 yr), body mass index 23.7 kg/m2 (21.2–27.4 kg/m2), undertook a water-only fast for 84 h. Vastus lateralis IMCL content was determined using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy after 12 and 84 h of fasting. Venous blood was sampled at 12-h intervals throughout the fast. IMCL-(CH2)n/water and IMCL-(CH2)n/total creatine ratios increased from 0.00623 ± 0.00065 to 0.0142 ± 0.0015 ( P = 0.002) and 6.82 ± 0.87 to 14.96 ± 1.73 ( P = 0.001), respectively. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA), serum triglyceride, and whole blood 3-hydroxybutyrate concentrations increased ( P < 0.001, <0.05, <0.03, respectively), whereas plasma glucose and serum insulin concentrations decreased (both P < 0.001) during fasting. In conclusion, 72-h water-only fasting produces a large increase in plasma FFA concentration, a drop in serum insulin concentration, and accumulation of IMCL in the vastus lateralis muscle of nondiabetic, physically fit men.

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Influence of prolonged endurance cycling and recovery diet on intramuscular triglyceride content in trained males

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00112.2003 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 285 (4) ◽

pp. E804-E811 ◽

Cited By ~ 46

Author(s):

Luc J. C. van Loon ◽

Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling ◽

René Koopman ◽

Anton J. M. Wagenmakers ◽

Matthijs K. C. Hesselink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fluorescence Microscopy ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Normal Diet ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Type I ◽

Lateralis Muscle ◽

Postexercise Recovery ◽

Quantitative Fluorescence

Intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG) are assumed to form an important substrate source during prolonged endurance exercise in trained males. This study investigated the effects of endurance exercise and recovery diet on IMTG content in vastus lateralis muscle. Nine male cyclists were provided with a standardized diet for 3 days, after which they performed a 3-h exercise trial at a 55% maximum workload. Before and immediately after exercise and after 24 and 48 h of recovery, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was performed to quantitate IMTG content. Muscle biopsies were taken after 48 h of recovery to determine IMTG content by using quantitative fluorescence microscopy. The entire procedure was performed two times; in one trial, a normal diet containing 39% energy (En%) as fat was provided (NF) and in the other a typical carbohydrate-rich athlete's diet (LF: 24 En% fat) was provided. During exercise, IMTG content decreased by 21.4 ± 3.1%. During recovery, IMTG content increased significantly in the NF trial only, reaching preexercise levels within 48 h. In accord with MRS, fluorescence microscopy showed significantly higher IMTG content in the NF compared with the LF trial, with differences restricted to the type I muscle fibers (2.1 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.2% area lipid staining, respectively). In conclusion, IMTG content in the vastus lateralis muscle declines significantly during prolonged endurance exercise in male cyclists. When a normal diet is used, IMTG contents are subsequently repleted within 48 h of postexercise recovery. In contrast, IMTG repletion is impaired substantially when a typical, carbohydrate-rich athlete's diet is used. Data obtained by quantitative fluorescence microscopy correspond well with MRS results, implying that both are valid methods to quantify IMTG content.

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Ayurvedic management of Myositis Ossificans of Vastus Lateralis Muscle (Urusthamba) - A Case Study

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v2i1.7523 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Vishnu Mohan ◽

Gopikrishna BJ ◽

Avnish Pathak ◽

Mahesh Kumar ES ◽

Duradundi G

Keyword(s):

Heterotopic Ossification ◽

Myositis Ossificans ◽

Vastus Lateralis ◽

Treatment Protocol ◽

Vastus Lateralis Muscle ◽

Satisfactory Treatment ◽

Lateralis Muscle ◽

Ayurvedic Treatment

Myositis ossificansis characterized by heterotopic ossification (calcification) of muscle of various etiologies. It is most commonly affected in the quadriceps of the thighs. There are many tools available for diagnosis of Myositis ossificans, but lack of satisfactory treatment. So the development of a treatment protocol for Myositis ossificans is the need of today`s era. In Ayurveda, the same can be understood as Urusthamba. The present paper discusses a case of Myositis ossificans of right vastus lateralis muscle and its Ayurvedic treatment.

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