Exercise-induced hemolysis is caused by protein modification and most evident during the early phase of an ultraendurance race

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 582-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashril Yusof ◽  
Renate M. Leithauser ◽  
Heinz J. Roth ◽  
Holger Finkernagel ◽  
Michael T. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Cell Population ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Protein Modification ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Intravascular Hemolysis ◽  
Sodium Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Exercise Induced

Whether structural changes of the erythrocyte membrane increase the susceptibility to hemolysis particularly of the relatively older cell population during the early phase of a 216-km ultrarace was tested in six male runners (age 53.6 ± 10.4 yr, height 175.8 ± 11.1 cm, body mass 75.9 ± 8.4 kg). Erythrocyte membrane spectrins were lowest ( P < 0.001) after 42 km (75.59 ± 5.25% of prerace) and increased ( P < 0.001) toward 216 km (88.27 ± 3.37%). Susceptibility to osmotic hemolysis was highest ( P < 0.01) after 42 km (107.34 ± 3.02 mOsm sodium phosphate buffer) with almost identical ( P > 0.05) values prerace (97.98 ± 3.41 mOsm) and postrace (98.61 ± 3.26 mOsm). Haptoglobin indicated intravascular hemolysis of 9.27 × 109 cells/l ( P < 0.05) during the initial 84 km. Changes in hematocrit and plasma proteins indicated an estimated total net erythrocyte loss of 3.47 × 1011 cells/l ( P < 0.05) after 21 km. This was compensated by a gain in erythrocytes ( P < 0.05) of 3.31 × 1011 cells/l during the final 132 km. A main effect ( P < 0.05) on erythropoietin suggests increased erythropoiesis throughout the race. Exercise-induced hemolysis reflects alterations in erythrocyte membrane spectrins and occurs particularly in the early phase of an ultraendurance race because of a relative older cell population.

scholarly journals Electromyographic Evaluation of the Shoulder Muscle after a Fatiguing Isokinetic Protocol in Recreational Overhead Athletes

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 2516
Author(s):  
Sebastian Klich ◽  
Adam Kawczyński ◽  
Bogdan Pietraszewski ◽  
Matteo Zago ◽  
Aiguo Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
External Rotation ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Shoulder Injury ◽  
Overhead Athletes ◽  
Upper Trapezius ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Shoulder Girdle Muscles ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
The Right

The goal of our study was to examine the muscle activity of the shoulder girdle after isokinetic fatigue, which may simulate muscle activities commonly occurring during specific sport-related activities in recreational overhead asymptomatic athletes. We hypothesized that exercise-induced fatigue, reported after isokinetic protocols, may cause a decrease in the median frequency (MF) of the upper trapezius (UT), infraspinatus (IS), and deltoid muscles. Twenty-four male overhead volleyball (n = 8), handball (n = 8), and tennis (n = 8) athletes participated in this study. All subjects were without shoulder injury history. The surface electromyography (SEMG) was collected on the right (dominant) side of the shoulder girdle muscles in the following order: UT, IS and anterior (DA), and posterior deltoideus (DP). The fatigue protocol consisted of three sets of 32 maximum isokinetic concentric contractions while performing shoulder internal and external rotation at an isokinetic speed of 120 o/s. The resultant difference in median frequency (ΔMF) values consistently dropped after the fatiguing tasks across all recorded muscles, in terms of the initial MF (MFINI = 65.1 ± 1.1 Hz) and final MF (MFFIN = 57.9 ± 0.9 Hz), and the main effect of time was significant (F(1,22) = 43.15, p < 0.001). MF values decreased mostly for IS (ΔMFIS = −9.9 ± 1.6 Hz) and DP (ΔMFPD = −9.5 ± 1.9 Hz) muscles, while DA and UT showed smaller changes (ΔMFDA = −6.9 ± 1.5 Hz) and (ΔMFUT = −3.2 ± 1.3 Hz). The results of our study show a meaningful contribution in determining increased fatigue of the shoulder girdle muscles during repeated isokinetic internal-external rotation protocols. We have also demonstrated a significant decrease in MF in all examined muscles, especially IS and DA.

Exercise Induced Changes In Erythrocyte Membrane Proteome

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morana Jaganjac ◽  
Safya Ali Jameela ◽  
Afnan Saleh Al-menhali ◽  
Louisa Lobigs ◽  
Thomas Michael Harvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Membrane Proteome ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals Structural Changes in the Deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) Complex of Leukocytes from Patients with Infectious Mononucleosis

Blood ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 322-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. BOLUND ◽  
G. GAHRTON ◽  
D. KILLANDER ◽  
R. RIGLER ◽  
BRITTA WAHREN
Keyword(s):  
Acridine Orange ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Binding Sites ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Number Of Binding Sites ◽  
Healthy Persons

Abstract Quantitative microfluorimetric measurements on individual acridine orange (AO) stained cells showed that leukocytes from patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM) exhibited considerably greater AO binding to deoxyribonucleoprotein (DNP) than leukocytes from healthy persons. The higher binding of AO could not be explained by an increase in the amount of DNP in IM cells but by an increased number of binding sites in DNP accessible to AO. This was the result of structural changes in the DNP complex of the IM cells, possibly due to weakened bonds between the DNA and protein moieties of DNP. The binding of AO to IM leukocytes was highest in the early phase of the disease and usually normalized after recovery. However, an increased AO binding of leukocytes from patients after recovery was frequently observed when these cells were exposed to plasma from patients in the acute phase of IM.

L-Cysteine supplementation prevents exercise-induced alterations in human erythrocyte membrane acetylcholinesterase and Na+,K+-ATPase activities

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore Parthimos ◽  
Christi Tsopanakis ◽  
Panagoula Angelogianni ◽  
Kleopatra H. Schulpis ◽  
Nickolaos Parthimos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Human Erythrocyte ◽  
Human Erythrocyte Membrane ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals The effect of toluene on oxidative processes in rat blood

2009 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Stajkovic ◽  
Suncica Borozan ◽  
Gordana Gadjanski-Omerovic
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Oxidative Modification ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rat Blood ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
High Doses ◽  
Radical Processes

This study was designed to investigate the effects of toluene treatment on oxidative stress in rat blood. Since toluene metabolism produces reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, it was hypothesized that the toluene treatment would: 1) provoke changes in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, 2) impair the integrity of the cell membrane and 3) induce structural changes in the plasma proteins. Female Wistar rats were treated with toluene intraperitonally, at a daily dose of 0.38 mmol/kg body weight for 12 days, and 5 mmol/kg body weight for 6 days, respectively, with propylene glycol as the carrier. Toluene significantly increased superoxide dismutase activity at low doses, catalase activity at high doses and the level of erythrocytes malondialdehyde in both treated groups when compared to the control group. The nitrite ( ? 2 NO ) level in both treated groups was not different from that in the control animals. Toluene caused oxidative modification of plasma proteins and, consequently, changes in the concentration of glycoproteins and lipoproteins when compared to the control group. The observed alterations indicate that toluene treatment might be involved in free radical processes.

scholarly journals The effects of inspiratory muscle training on plasma interleukin-6 concentration during cycling exercise and a volitional mimic of the exercise hyperpnea

2013 ◽  
Vol 115 (8) ◽  
pp. 1163-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dean E. Mills ◽  
Michael A. Johnson ◽  
Martin J. McPhilimey ◽  
Neil C. Williams ◽  
Javier T. Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Respiratory Muscles ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle ◽  
Inspiratory Muscle Training ◽  
Muscle Training ◽  
Cycling Exercise ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Exercise Hyperpnea ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Diaphragm Fatigue

It is unknown whether the respiratory muscles contribute to exercise-induced increases in plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentration, if this is related to diaphragm fatigue, and whether inspiratory muscle training (IMT) attenuates the plasma IL-6 response to whole body exercise and/or a volitional mimic of the exercise hyperpnea. Twelve healthy males were divided equally into an IMT or placebo (PLA) group, and before and after a 6-wk intervention they undertook, on separate days, 1 h of 1) passive rest, 2) cycling exercise at estimated maximal lactate steady state power (EX), and 3) volitional hyperpnea at rest, which mimicked the breathing and respiratory muscle recruitment patterns achieved during EX (HYPEX). Plasma IL-6 concentration remained unchanged during passive rest. The plasma IL-6 response to EX was reduced following IMT (main effect of intervention, P = 0.039) but not PLA ( P = 0.272). Plasma IL-6 concentration increased during HYPEX (main effect of time, P < 0.01) and was unchanged postintervention. There was no evidence of diaphragm fatigue (measured by phrenic nerve stimulation) following each trial. In conclusion, plasma IL-6 concentration is increased during EX and HYPEX and this occurred in the absence of diaphragm fatigue. Furthermore, IMT reduced the plasma IL-6 response to EX but not HYPEX. These findings suggest that the respiratory muscles contribute to exercise-induced increases in plasma IL-6 concentration in the absence of diaphragm fatigue and that IMT can reduce the magnitude of the response to exercise but not a volitional mimic of the exercise hyperpnea.

scholarly journals Effects of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate on muscle damage after a prolonged run

2000 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 1340-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Knitter ◽  
L. Panton ◽  
J. A. Rathmacher ◽  
A. Petersen ◽  
R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Creatine Phosphokinase ◽  
Ldh Activity ◽  
Lower Treatment ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Daily Training ◽  
Exercise Induced

This study examined the effects of supplemental β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on muscle damage as a result of intense endurance exercise. Subjects ( n = 13) were paired according to their 2-mile run times and past running experience. Each pair was randomly assigned a treatment of either HMB (3 g/day) or a placebo. After 6 wk of daily training and supplementation, all subjects participated in a prolonged run (20-km course). Creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities were measured before and after a prolonged run to assess muscle damage. The placebo-supplemented group exhibited a significantly greater (treatment main effect, P = 0.05) increase in creatine phosphokinase activity after a prolonged run than did the HMB-supplemented group. In addition, LDH activity was significantly lower (treatment main effect, P = 0.003) with HMB supplementation compared with the placebo-supplemented group. In conclusion, supplementation with 3.0 g of HMB results in a decreased creatine phosphokinase and LDH response after a prolonged run. These findings support the hypothesis that HMB supplementation helps prevent exercise-induced muscle damage.

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