DIFFERENTIAL SPINAL BLOCK: III. THE BLOCK OF CUTANEOUS AND STRETCH REFLEXES IN THE PRESENCE OF UNIMPAIRED POSITION SENSE

1947 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanley J. Sarnoff ◽  
Julia G. Arrowood
Keyword(s):  
Position Sense ◽  
Spinal Block ◽  
Stretch Reflexes

Limbs and Trunk

2016 ◽  
pp. 83-108
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Hawkes ◽  
Kapil D. Sethi ◽  
Thomas R. Swift
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Sensory Loss ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Vibration Sense ◽  
Muscle Stretch ◽  
Stretch Reflexes ◽  
Patient’S History

This chapter emphasizes various clues apparent from the patient’s history and physical examination. Observation of how a patient walks, talks, and undresses is discussed as a means of discerning clues to a diagnosis. Miscellaneous aspects of the history, particularly sensory symptoms, such as tingling in the hands, feet, and face, shooting leg pains, and neuropathy are described, and clues to psychogenic disorder are elaborated. Also emphasized is the value of inspecting the limbs, skin, and joints. Shortcuts are listed for the traditional physical motor examination, which involves tone, power, coordination, muscle stretch reflexes, and Babinski response. Shortcuts are also described for the sensory examination, using joint position sense, vibration sense, and sensory loss. The chapter concludes with an outline of how to analyze coma.

The 1989 James A. F. Stevenson Memorial Lecture. The knee jerk: still an enigma?

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter B. C. Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Spindle ◽  
Stretch Reflex ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Muscle Afferents ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Memorial Lecture ◽  
Stretch Reflexes ◽  
Knee Jerk ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Tendon Reflex

This is a wide-ranging review of muscle proprioceptors, intended primarily for the nonspecialist. It emphasizes how much more they are concerned with, than just the production of the knee jerk; it concentrates on principle rather than documenting detail and cites selectively. The main topics covered are the effect of deafferentation, position sense, the proprioceptors themselves, the control of the muscle spindle by the CNS, and spinal and long-latency "stretch" reflexes. The emphasis is on human work. The knee jerk itself is seen as a "physiological artefact," resulting from a mode of stimulation that does not occur in life, with the normal function of its underlying circuitry still under debate.Key words: tendon reflex, stretch reflex, muscle afferents.

Position sense testing: Influence of starting position and type of displacement

2000 ◽  
Vol 81 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-597
Author(s):  
Johan L[ouml ]nn ◽  
Albert G. Crenshaw ◽  
Mats Djupsj[ouml ]backa ◽  
Jonas Pedersen ◽  
H[aring ]kan Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Position Sense ◽  
Starting Position

The Analysis of Proprioception Alteration during First Five Months after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (84) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Jurevičienė ◽  
Albertas Skurvydas ◽  
Juozas Belickas ◽  
Giedra Bušmanienė ◽  
Dovilė Kielė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Knee Joint ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position ◽  
Starting Position ◽  
Angular Velocities ◽  
Anterior Cruciate

Research  background  and  hypothesis.  Proprioception  is  important  in  the  prevention  of  injuries  as  reduced proprioception  is  one  of  the  factors  contributing  to  injury  in  the  knee  joint,  particularly  the  ACL.  Therefore, proprioception appears not only important for the prevention of ACL injuries, but also for regaining full function after ACL reconstruction.Research aim. The aim of this study was to understand how proprioception is recovered four and five months after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.Research methods. The study included 15 male subjects (age – 33.7 ± 2.49 years) who had undergone unilateral ACL reconstruction with a semitendinosus/gracilis (STG) graft in Kaunas Clinical Hospital. For proprioceptive assessment, joint position sense (JPS) was measured on both legs using an isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex), at knee flexion of 60° and 70°, and at different knee angular velocities of 2°/s and 10°/s. The patients were assessed preoperatively and after 4 and 5 months, postoperatively.Research results. Our study has shown that the JPS’s (joint position sense) error scores  to a controlled active movement is significantly higher in injured ACL-deficient knee than in the contralateral knee (normal knee) before surgery and after four and five months of rehabilitation.  After 4 and 5 months of rehabilitation we found significantly lower values in injured knees compared to the preoperative data. Our study has shown that in injured knee active angle reproduction errors after 4 and 5 months of rehabilitation were higher compared with the ones of the uninjured knee. Proprioceptive ability on the both legs was  independent of all differences angles for target and starting position for movement. The knee joint position sense on both legs depends upon the rate of two different angular velocities and the mean active angle reproduction errors at the test of angular velocity slow speed was the highest compared with the fast angular velocity. Discussion and conclusions. In conclusion, our study shows that there was improvement in mean JPS 4 and 5 months after ACL reconstruction, but it did not return to normal indices.Keywords: knee joint, joint position sense, angular velocity, starting position for movement.

Effectiveness of Kinaesthetic Exercise program on Position Sense, Pain, and Disability in Chronic Neck Pain Patients with Cervical Spondylosis – A Randomized Comparative Trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Shankar Yerragonda Reddy ◽  
Arun G Maiya ◽  
Sharath Kumar Rao ◽  
Khalid A Alahmari ◽  
Jaya Shanker Tedla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Cervical Spondylosis ◽  
Chronic Neck Pain ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Position Errors ◽  
Flexion Extension ◽  
Comparative Group ◽  
Neck Disability

Abstract Background Chronic neck pain (CNP) is a significant health problem with only a few evidence-based treatment options. There is growing evidence for the effectiveness of kinaesthetic rehabilitation in musculoskeletal disorders. This study aims to assess kinaesthetic exercise programs' efficacy on cervical position sense, pain, and disability in subjects with cervical spondylosis (CS). Methods CNP subjects (>3 months) with a diagnosis of CS were randomly assigned to either a study group (n=125) who received kinesthetic exercises or to a comparative group (n=125) who received isometric neck exercises and deep cervical flexor (DCF) strengthening exercises. Both group subjects participated in the individualized training program for 24 sessions in 6 weeks. The outcome measures were cervical joint position errors (JPE’s) in flexion, extension, rotation left and right, pain intensity, and neck disability. Results All outcomes were improved significantly from baseline to post 24 sessions of intervention. When compared between groups, there was a significant reduction in JPE’s in flexion (mean difference [MD]= 071, CI=0.22–1.20, p=0.001), extension (MD=1.26, CI=0.70–1.81, p< 0.001) and right rotation (MD=1.08, CI=0.58–1.58, p<0.001), pain intensity (MD=1.58, CI=1.09–2.08, p<0.001), and neck disability (MD=10.27, CI=7.42–13.12, p<0.001) after 24 sessions of intervention favoring the study group. Conclusion Study group subjects who received kinesthetic rehabilitation showed more significant improvements in terms of improved proprioception, decreased pain intensity and disability following 24 sessions of interventions compared with the comparative group.

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