Rehabilitation of infertile patients after reconstructive plastic surgery on the pelvic organs

The research aims at studying the effectiveness of plasmapheresis and ozonotherapy in treatment of women of reproductive age in early postoperative period after reconstructive-plastic operations. 110 patients with different factors of infertility who passed surgical laparoscopy were examined. All the patients were rehabilitated applying medicinal plasmapheresis (70 patients) and ozonotherapy (40 patients). The results of the study showed the advantages of these methods of treatment in comparison with traditional therapy (antibacterial and physiotherapy in comparative group, 72 patients). So, early rehabilitation of patients including medicinal plasmapheresis and ozonotherapy makes it possible to increase essentially the course of postoperative period, to stabilize adaptive reactions, to recover reproductive function in considerable amount of infertile women.

Canine Leptospirosis Outbreak in Japan

Canine leptospirosis was suspected in 11 dogs in Osaka Prefecture, Japan and 9 dogs died within a month, from October 12 to November 10, 2017. Eight of the dogs had been taken on walks along the same riverbed and 4 dogs lived in the same town. Logistic regression analysis between a comparative group and the incident cases group showed that the odds of leptospirosis infection was 13.3 times higher (p = 0.044) in the dogs taken on walks along the riverbed than in the dogs not being walked along the riverbed. It is suggesting that these walks had been a risk factor. Microscopic agglutination tests showed that antibody titers against Leptospira interrogans serovar Australis were 1:2,560 and 1:10,240 in 2 dogs. Therefore, L. interrogans serovar Australis was suspected to be the causative agent, for which no canine vaccine is available in Japan. These results suggested that L. interrogans serovar Australis can cause local outbreaks. The development of a canine vaccine against various serotypes might help reduce local infections. Leptospirosis is an important infectious disease of dogs and it is also a zoonotic disease.

Literature Review : Pengaruh Teknik Pernapasan Buteyko Terhadap Kontrol Asma

The Backgrounds : Asthma can cause narrowing of the airways, and it can cause symptoms such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath (dyspnea), therefore treatment is needed to control asthma to reduce the symptoms caused. One of the non-farmacological treatments is using the buteyko breathing technique. To describe the effect of the buteyko breathing technique on asthma control. This literature review research accessed the Garba Garuda and Researchgate databases. Search articles using two languages, for Indonesian-language articles, the search was conducted using the keywords: “Asma”, “Buteyko”, "Kontrol asma", while the English-language articles used the keywords: “Asthma”, “Buteyko”, “Asthma control". This study used the JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies, and the PICOTS format (population, intervention, comparative group, outcome, time, study design) in determining inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of this literature review showed that there was an increase in the level of asthma control after the intervention. There was also an effect of giving the buteyko breathing technique on asthma control. The p-value was less than 0.05. The conclusion of this literature review research showed that there was an effect of giving the buteyko breathing technique on asthma control. Keywords : Asthma; Buteyko; Asthma control AbstrakPenyakit asma dapat menyebabkan penyempitan pada saluran napas, dan hal ini dapat menimbulkan gejala seperti mengi, batuk, dan sesak napas (dispnea) pada penderitanya, maka dari itu diperlukan pengobatan untuk mengontrol asma agar mengurangi gejala yang ditimbulkan. Salah satu pengobatan non farmakologinya yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik pernapasan buteyko. Tujuan dari penelitian literature review ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh teknik pernapasan buteyko terhadap kontrol asma. Penelitian literature review ini mengakses database Garba Garuda, dan Researchgate. Pencarian artikel menggunakan dua bahasa yaitu bahasa Indonesia, dan bahasa Inggris, untuk artikel berbahasa Indonesia, pencarian dilakukan dengan menggunakan kata kunci : “Asma”, “Buteyko”, “Kontrol Asma”, sedangkan artikel berbahasa Inggris menggunakan kata kunci : “Asthma”, “Buteyko”, “Asthma control”. Instrumen telaah kritis yang digunakan yaitu dengan menggunakan JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-eksperimental studies, serta menggunakan format PICOTS (population, intervention, comparative group, outcome, time, studi design) dalam menentukan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Hasil penelitian literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kenaikan pada tingkat kontrol asma sesudah pemberian intervensi tersebut, dibandingkan sebelum pemberian intervensi, dan terdapat pengaruh pemberian teknik pernapasan buteyko dengan kontrol asma dengan hasil p value <0,05. Simpulan dari penelitian literature review ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh pemberian teknik pernapasan buteyko terhadap kontrol asma. Kata Kunci : Asma; Buteyko ; Kontrol asma

Clinical Mastitis Incidence in Dairy Cows Housed on Recycled Manure Solids Bedding: A Canadian Cohort Study

Bedding can affect mammary health of dairy cows. The objectives of this study were to evaluate clinical mastitis incidence in cows housed on recycled manure solids bedding and, more specifically, to determine which pathogens were involved. We followed 26 recycled manure solids farms and 60 straw-bedded farms as a comparative group during 1 year (2018–2019). For each episode of clinical mastitis, defined as a visual alteration of the milk, with or without local or systemic signs of infection, producers sampled aseptically the affected quarter, provided some details about the animal, and sent the sample to the research team at the Université de Montréal. We received and analyzed 1,144 milk samples. The samples were cultured according to the National Mastitis Council guidelines and the different colony phenotypes were subsequently identified with mass spectrometry. In 54.6% of CM cases, a single phenotype of bacteria was cultured (pure culture), while two different phenotypes were found in 16.8% of the samples (mixed culture), and no growth was observed in 14.4% of the samples. Samples with three or more phenotypes were considered contaminated and were not included in the pathogen-specific analyses (14.3% of the submitted samples). The most frequently identified bacterial species in pure and mixed culture in farms using recycled manure solids were Streptococcus uberis (16.0%), Escherichia coli (13.8%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (13.2%), Streptococcus dysgalactiae (6.2%), and Staphylococcus aureus (3.4%). In straw farms, the most frequent species were S. aureus (16.6%), S. uberis (11.0%), E. coli (9.1%), S. dysgalactiae (8.0%), and K. pneumoniae (1.1%). The incidence of clinical mastitis (all cases together) was not higher in recycled manure solids farms (14.0 cases/100 cow-year; 95% CI: 8.3–23.7) compared with straw-bedded farms (16.3 cases/100 cow-year; 95% CI: 9.0–29.6). However, K. pneumoniae clinical mastitis episodes were 7.0 (95% CI: 2.0–24.6) times more frequent in recycled manure solids farms than in straw farms. Adjusted least square means estimates were 1.6 K. pneumoniae clinical mastitis cases/100 cow-year (95% CI: 0.8–3.4) in recycled manure solids farms vs. 0.2 cases/100 cow-year (95% CI: 0.1–0.6) in straw-bedded farms. Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical mastitis is in general severe. Producers interested in this bedding alternative need to be aware of this risk.

Features of patients with tuberculosis from endangered contingents and high risk groups

Detection consists in the use of measures for the early identifi cation of suspects and requires radiological examination of the chest in patients from the high-risk groups, endangered contingents and groups designed by the pneumophthisiologists. The aim was to compare the particularities of patients from endangered contingents and high risk groups to optimize the early detection of tuberculosis. A retrospective, selective research was conducted on 166 patients distributed in the study group which included 48 cases from endangered contingents and the comparative group with 118 patients from high risk groups registered in Chisinau in 2018. Peculiarities of patients from endangered contingents was age younger 34 years, urban residence, completed level of the education, favorable socio-economic particularities, negative microbiological state and of those from high-risk groups: age older 45 years, social vulnerability, behaviors with risk, epidemiological factors, administrative barriers in accessing healthcare and positive microbiological status. Conclusion: despite the standard manmanagement, the patients from the endangered contingents have been successfully treated compared to the high risk groups, which demonstrates the need for a personalized approach to patients with aggravating characteristics.

Prospective Evaluation of Antibiotic Management in Ureteral Stent and Nephrostomy Interventions

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Screening for and treating asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) or administering antibiotic prophylaxis is recommended during ureteral stent and nephrostomy interventions. This study investigates the frequency of postinterventional infectious complications to gain insight into the need for antibiotics. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Between September 2016 and June 2019, 168 insertions/exchanges of ureteral stents or nephrostomies were recorded in a prospective multicenter study. Patients without a symptomatic UTI did not receive antibiotic treatment/prophylaxis. Asymptomatic patients in whom their urologist already administered an antibiotic treatment served as a comparative group. Follow-up included postinterventional complications within 30 days. Symptoms were assessed by the Acute Cystitis Symptom Score (ACSS) before and after the intervention. Predictors of increasing postinterventional symptoms were analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model. <b><i>Results:</i></b> One hundred forty-five interventions were eligible. One hundred twenty-two (84.1%) interventions were performed without antibiotic treatment. Preinterventional ABU was detected in 54.4% and sterile urine in 22.8% (22.8% without culture). Postinterventional infectious complications did not differ between patients with versus without antibiotics. Transurethral interventions aggravate symptoms (<i>p</i> = 0.034) but do not increase infectious complications compared to percutaneous interventions. Patients without diabetes mellitus are at higher risk for increasing symptoms. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Results indicate that peri-interventional antibiotic treatment may be omitted in patients without symptomatic UTI. Symptoms must be differentiated between infectious and procedure-associated origins.

Promoting Foundation Reading Skills With At-Risk Students

This paper presents an early reading intervention program, the PPCL (Programa de Promoção das Competências Leitoras—Promoting Reading Skills Program). PPCL focuses on the promotion of reading foundation abilities—letter-sound, phonemic awareness, decoding, and spelling—with at-risk first graders. This study assessed the impact of PPCL on the reading foundation abilities with 311 first graders (173 boys and 138 girls), divided between intervention and comparative group (respectively, 206 and 105 first graders). Results were analyzed with an inter- (intervention and comparative group) and intra- (pre-and post-test) group design. A mixed two-way Manova indicated the presence of statistically significant differences between the two assessment moments, with the intervention group presenting higher values than the comparative group in all abilities at the post-test and also above the cutoff score in all variables, which indicates that at-risk students eventually concluded the school year with satisfactory levels of reading skills. On the other hand, the comparative group scored below the cutoff score in all variables. The magnitude of the effect on the intervention group was higher than the one observed in the comparative group. Reading promotion with PPCL significantly improved at-risk students reading skills. In future studies, the authors intend to follow up on reading and writing participants’ skills.

COVID in Post Vaccinated individuals- Beacon of Light

Introduction: COVISHIELD and COVAXIN have been introduced post rapid approval as COVID vaccines in India, which has the second most COVID cases across countries. These vaccines are being administered in a two-dose schedule from 16 Jan 2021. This study deals with the clinical profile of individuals who developed COVID infection post-COVID vaccination. This is the first study of similar nature in India. Methodology: The study population comprised of individuals who were detected to be COVID positive 04 weeks post-vaccination and were compared with individuals detected positive within the first 04 weeks of vaccination. Data was collected in a digital questionnaire format and analyzed with SPSS v-23 software. Clinical features were profiled in detail. Chi-square analysis was done to find out the association of various demographic features with the severity of the disease. Results: In the study population, fever was the commonest symptom (75.1%) followed by anosmia (72.1%), and shortness of breath (16.3%). There was a lower incidence of fever, cough, dyspnea, and requirement of hospitalization in the study population as compared to the control group and previous epidemiological data. The time required for complete recovery and disease severity was favorable in our study population. There was a significant correlation in the rate of hospitalization among the study group and the comparative group (p=0.0001) and between the number of dosages of COVID vaccine with the lowest SpO2 recorded (p=0.001). Conclusion: This study will boost the ongoing initiative of having a maximal vaccinated population countrywide and emphasize the need for two doses of vaccination.

Impact of BNT162b first vaccination on the immune transcriptome of elderly patients infected with the B.1.351 SARS-CoV-2 variant

Fast-spreading variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) energize the COVID-19 pandemic. The B.1.351 variant carrying the escape mutation E484K in the receptor binding domain (RBD) is of particular concern, with widespread escape from monoclonal antibody neutralization and a limited protection of patients having received the first dose of the BNT162b vaccine. It is known that completion of two serial immunizations is required for adequate protection; however, characterization of immune responses in individuals who have received only one dose has not been completely defined. There is also a paucity of information on the impact of vaccination on the immune transcriptome upon infection with SARS-CoV-2 variants. Here, we investigate the immune transcriptome of six elderly individuals (average age 82 yr.) from an old people's home, who contracted B.1.351, with four having received the first dose of BNT162b about two weeks prior to the onset of COVID-19 symptoms. The patients were hospitalized and received dexamethasone treatment. Immune transcriptomes were established from PBMCs approximately 10 days and 35 days after the onset of COVID-19 symptomology. RNA-seq revealed a more intensive immune response in vaccinated patients as compared to unvaccinated ones. Specifically, transcription factors linked to the JAK/STAT pathway, interferon stimulated genes (ISGs), and genes associated with innate antiviral immunity and COVID-19-SARS-CoV-2 infection are highly enriched in vaccinated patients. The transcriptomes of the older vaccinated group were more similar to a younger (age 48-62) comparative group than those of the older unvaccinated group. Our study demonstrates an enhanced immune transcriptome response in B.1.351 patients that had received their first vaccination within 11 days prior to developing COVID-19 illness as compared to unvaccinated patients from the same old-people's home. Our study also reveals that induction of immune-regulated genes in vaccinated individuals was insufficient to protect from disease. This highlights the continued risk for severe illness shortly after vaccination, before a protective immune response has been achieved and reinforces the need for vaccinated adults to continue physical distancing and prevention behaviors.