Crystal structure of guaifenesin, 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1,2-propanediol

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Kaduk
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Minimum Energy ◽  
Quantitative Phase Analysis ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Initial Structure ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Gp 120 ◽  
Dimensional Network

The crystal structure of the common expectorant guaifenesin, 3-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-1, 2-propanediol (C10H14O4) was solved by applying Monte Carlo simulated annealing techniques to synchrotron powder data, and refined using the Rietveld method. Initial structure solutions yielded an unreasonable conformation, and an unacceptable refinement. Quantum chemical geometry optimizations were used to identify the correct conformation. Guaifenesin crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group P212121 (#19), with a=7.657 05(7), b=25.670 20(24), c=4.979 66(4) Å, V=978.79(2) Å3, and Z=4. Both hydroxyl groups act as hydrogen bond donors and acceptors, resulting in the formation of a two-dimensional network of strong hydrogen bonds in the ac plane. The solid state conformation is ∼4 kcal/mol higher in energy than the minimum-energy conformation of an isolated molecule, but the formation of the hydrogen bonds results in an energy gain of ∼100 kcal/mol. Knowledge of the crystal structure permits quantitative phase analysis of guaifenesin-containing pharmaceuticals (such as Duratuss GP 120-1200) by the Rietveld method.

scholarly journals Effect of pressure on the crystal structure of L-serine-I and the crystal structure of L-serine-II at 5.4 GPa

2005 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Moggach ◽  
David R. Allan ◽  
Carole A. Morrison ◽  
Simon Parsons ◽  
Lindsay Sawyer
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Crystal Form ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Crystal Forms ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

The crystal structure of L-serine has been determined at room temperature at pressures between 0.3 and 4.8 GPa. The structure of this phase (hereafter termed L-serine-I), which consists of the molecules in their zwitterionic tautomer, is orthorhombic, space group P212121. The least compressible cell dimension (c), corresponds to chains of head-to-tail NH...carboxylate hydrogen bonds. The most compressible direction is along b, and the pressure-induced distortion in this direction takes the form of closing up voids in the middle of R-type hydrogen-bonded ring motifs. This occurs by a change in the geometry of hydrogen-bonded chains connecting the hydroxyl groups of the —CH2OH side chains. These hydrogen bonds are the longest conventional hydrogen bonds in the system at ambient pressure, having an O...O separation of 2.918 (4) Å and an O...O...O angle of 148.5 (2)°; at 4.8 GPa these parameters are 2.781 (11) and 158.5 (7)°. Elsewhere in the structure one NH...O interaction reaches an N...O separation of 2.691 (13) Å at 4.8 GPa. This is amongst the shortest of this type of interaction to have been observed in an amino acid crystal structure. Above 4.8 GPa the structure undergoes a single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition to a hitherto uncharacterized polymorph, which we designate L-serine-II. The OH...OH hydrogen-bonded chains of L-serine-I are replaced in L-serine-II by shorter OH...carboxyl interactions, which have an O...O separation of 2.62 (2) Å. This phase transition occurs via a change from a gauche to an anti conformation of the OH group, and a change in the NCαCO torsion angle from −178.1 (2)° at 4.8 GPa to −156.3 (10)° at 5.4 GPa. Thus, the same topology appears in both crystal forms, which explains why it occurs from one single-crystal form to another. The transition to L-serine-II is also characterized by the closing-up of voids which occur in the centres of other R-type motifs elsewhere in the structure. There is a marked increase in CH...O hydrogen bonding in both phases relative to L-serine-I at ambient pressure.

The crystal structure of perdeuterated methanol monoammoniate (CD3OD·ND3) determined from neutron powder diffraction data at 4.2 and 180 K

2009 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054-1061 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Fortes ◽  
I. G. Wood ◽  
K. S. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Neutron Powder Diffraction ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Neutron Powder Diffraction Data

The crystal structure of perdeuterated methanol monoammoniate, CD3OD·ND3, has been solved from neutron powder diffraction data collected at 4.2 and 180 K. The crystal structure is orthorhombic, space groupPbca(Z= 8), with unit-cell dimensionsa= 11.02320 (7),b= 7.66074 (6),c= 7.59129 (6) Å,V= 641.053 (5) Å3[ρcalc= 1162.782 (9) kg m−3] at 4.2 K, anda= 11.21169 (5),b= 7.74663 (4),c= 7.68077 (5) Å,V= 667.097 (4) Å3[ρcalc= 1117.386 (7) kg m−3] at 180 K. The crystal structure was determined byab initiomethods from the powder data; atomic coordinates and anisotropic displacement parameters were subsequently refined by the Rietveld method toRp< 3% at both temperatures. The crystal comprises a sheet-like structure in thebccrystallographic plane, consisting of strongly hydrogen bonded elements; these sheets are stacked along theaaxis, and adjacent sheets are linked by what may be comparatively weak C—D...O hydrogen bonds. Within the strongly bonded sheet structure, ND3molecules are tetrahedrally coordinated by the hydroxy moieties of the methanol molecule, accepting one hydrogen bond (O—D...N) of length ∼1.75 Å, and donating three hydrogen bonds (N—D...O) of length 2.15–2.25 Å. Two of the methyl deuterons appear to participate in weak interlayer hydrogen bonds (C—D...O) of length 2.7–2.8 Å. The hydrogen bonds are ordered at both 4.2 and 180 K. The relative volume change on warming from 4.2 to 180 K, ΔV/V, is +4.06%, which is comparable to, but more nearly isotropic (as determined from the relative change in axial lengths,e.g.Δa/a) than, that observed in deuterated methanol monohydrate.

Crystal structure of antimony oxalate hydroxide, Sb(C2O4)OH

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Kaduk ◽  
Mark A. Toft ◽  
Joseph T. Golab
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxalate Anion ◽  
Fourier Techniques ◽  
Difference Fourier

The crystal structure of Sb(C2O4)OH has been solved by charge flipping in combination with difference Fourier techniques using laboratory X-ray powder data exhibiting significant preferred orientation and refined by the Rietveld method. The compound crystallizes in Pnma with a=5.827 13(3), b=11.294 48 (10), c=6.313 77(3) Å, V=415.537(5) Å3, and Z=4. The crystal structure contains pentagonal pyramidal Sb3+ cations, which are bridged by hydroxyl groups to form zigzag chains along the a axis. Each oxalate anion chelates to two Sb in approximately the ab plane, linking the chains into a three-dimensional framework. The H of the hydroxyl group is probably disordered in order to form stronger more-linear hydrogen bonds. The highest energy occupied molecular orbitals are the Sb3+ lone pairs. The structure is chemically reasonable compared to other antimony oxalates and to Bi(C2O4)OH.

The crystal structure of perdeuterated methanol hemiammoniate (CD3OD·0.5ND3) determined from neutron powder diffraction data at 4.2 and 180 K

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Fortes ◽  
I. G. Wood ◽  
K. S. Knight
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Rietveld Method ◽  
Neutron Powder Diffraction ◽  
Methanol Molecule ◽  
Powder Diffraction Data ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Neutron Powder Diffraction Data

The crystal structure of perdeuterated methanol hemiammoniate, CD3OD·0.5ND3, has been solved from neutron powder diffraction data collected at 4.2 and 180 K. The structure is orthorhombic, space groupPn21a(Z= 4), with unit-cell dimensionsa= 12.70615 (16),b= 8.84589 (9),c= 4.73876 (4) Å,V= 532.623 (8) Å3[ρcalc= 1149.57 (2) kg m−3] at 4.2 K, anda= 12.90413 (16),b= 8.96975 (8),c= 4.79198 (4) Å,V= 554.656 (7) Å3[ρcalc= 1103.90 (1) kg m−3] at 180 K. The crystal structure was determined byab initiomethods from the powder data; atomic coordinates and isotropic displacement parameters were subsequently refined by the Rietveld method toRp≃ 2% at both temperatures. The crystal structure comprises a three-dimensionally hydrogen-bonded network in which the ND3molecules are tetrahedrally coordinated by the hydroxy moieties of the methanol molecule. This connectivity leads to the formation of zigzag chains of ammonia–hydroxy groups extending along thecaxis, formedviaN—D···O hydrogen bonds; these chains are cross-linked along theaaxis through the hydroxy moiety of the second methanol moleculeviaN—D···O and O—D···O hydrogen bonds. This `bridging' hydroxy group in turn donates an O—D···N hydrogen bond to ammonia in adjacent chains stacked along thebaxis. The methyl deuterons in methanol hemiammoniate, unlike those in methanol monoammoniate, do not participate in hydrogen bonding and reveal evidence of orientational disorder at 180 K. The relative volume change on warming from 4.2 to 180 K, ΔV/V, is + 4.14%, which is comparable to, but more nearly isotropic (as determined from the relative change in axial lengths,e.g.Δa/a) than, that observed in deuterated methanol monohydrate, and very similar to what is observed in methanol monoammoniate.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of (2E)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-en-1-one

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Yesilyurt ◽  
Abdullah Aydin ◽  
Halise Inci Gul ◽  
Mehmet Akkurt ◽  
Nefise Dilek Ozcelik
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stacking Interactions ◽  
Crystal Data ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Orthorhombic Space Group ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Centroid Distance

The compound, C16H14O3, (except H atoms) is almost planar [r.m.s. deviations for all non-H atoms = 0.001 Å] and the dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 9.35 (7)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by intermolecular O—H···O and C—H···O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network structure. Furthermore, a weak π-π stacking interactions [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.7055 (9) Å] contributes to the stabilization of the molecular packing. Crystal Data for C16H14O3 (M = 254.27 g/mol): Orthorhombic, space group Pbca (no. 61), a = 13.4563(16) Å, b = 11.4986(14) Å, c = 16.720(2) Å, V = 2587.1(5) Å3, Z = 8, T = 296(2) K, μ(MoKα) = 0.090 mm-1, Dcalc = 1.306 g/cm3, 61402 reflections measured (4.88° ≤ 2Θ ≤ 56.76°), 3240 unique (Rint = 0.0334, Rsigma = 0.0120) which were used in all calculations. The final R1 was 0.0438 (I≥2σ(I)) and wR2 was 0.1228 (all data).

Crystal structure of tofacitinib dihydrogen citrate (Xeljanz®), (C16H21N6O)(H2C6H5O7)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
James A. Kaduk ◽  
Amy M. Gindhart ◽  
Thomas N. Blanton
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bond ◽  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Acid Group ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Van Der Waals Contacts ◽  
Citrate Anion

The crystal structure of tofacitinib dihydrogen citrate (tofacitinib citrate) has been solved and refined using synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction data, and optimized using density functional techniques. Tofacitinib dihydrogen citrate crystallizes in space group P212121 (#19) with a = 5.91113(1), b = 12.93131(3), c = 30.43499(7) Å, V = 2326.411(6) Å3, and Z = 4. The crystal structure consists of corrugated layers perpendicular to the c-axis. Within the layers, cation⋯anion and anion⋯anion hydrogen bonds link the fragments into a two-dimensional network parallel to the ab-plane. Between the layers, there are only van der Waals contacts. A terminal carboxylic acid group in the citrate anion forms a strong charge-assisted hydrogen bond to the ionized central carboxylate group. The other carboxylic acid acts as a donor to the carbonyl group of the cation. The citrate hydroxy group forms an intramolecular charge-assisted hydrogen bond to the ionized central carboxylate. Two protonated nitrogen atoms in the cation act as donors to the ionized central carboxylate of the anion. These hydrogen bonds form a ring with the graph set symbol R2,2(8). The powder pattern has been submitted to ICDD® for inclusion in the Powder Diffraction File™ (PDF®).

scholarly journals Crystal structure of 2-nitro-N-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. o1252-o1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Moreno-Fuquen ◽  
Diego F. Sánchez ◽  
Javier Ellena
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Dihedral Angles ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Benzene Rings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Amide Fragment

In the title compound, C10H6N4O5S, the mean plane of the non-H atoms of the central amide fragment C—N—C(=O)—C [r.m.s. deviation = 0.0294 Å] forms dihedral angles of 12.48 (7) and 46.66 (9)° with the planes of the thiazole and benzene rings, respectively. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [001]. In addition, weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds link these chains, forming a two-dimensional network, containingR44(28) ring motifs parallel to (100).

scholarly journals Crystal structure of 5-[(4-carboxybenzyl)oxy]isophthalic acid

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1219-1222
Author(s):  
Md. Serajul Haque Faizi ◽  
Musheer Ahmad ◽  
Akram Ali ◽  
Vadim A. Potaskalov
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Dihedral Angle ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Molecular Shape ◽  
Isophthalic Acid ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Benzene Rings

The molecular shape of the title compound, C16H12O7, is bent around the central CH2—O bond. The two benzene rings are almost perpendicular to one another, making a dihedral angle of 87.78 (7)°. In the crystal, each molecule is linked to three others by three pairs of O—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming undulating sheets parallel to thebcplane and enclosingR22(8) ring motifs. The sheets are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds and C—H...π interactions, forming a three-dimensional network.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of 2-bromo-1,4-dihydroxy-9,10-anthraquinone

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. o1130-o1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wataru Furukawa ◽  
Munenori Takehara ◽  
Yoshinori Inoue ◽  
Chitoshi Kitamura
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stacking Interactions ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Π Stacking ◽  
Dimensional Network

In an attempt to brominate 1,4-dipropoxy-9,10-anthraquinone, a mixture of products, including the title compound, C14H7BrO4, was obtained. The molecule is essentially planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.029 Å) and two intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bonds occur. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by weak C—H...O hydrogen bonds, Br...O contacts [3.240 (5) Å], and π–π stacking interactions [shortest centroid–centroid separation = 3.562 (4) Å], generating a three-dimensional network.

scholarly journals Crystal structure of β-D,L-fructose

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. o719-o720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiko Ishii ◽  
Tatsuya Senoo ◽  
Akihide Yoshihara ◽  
Kazuhiro Fukada ◽  
Genta Sakane
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Equimolar Mixture ◽  
Compound C ◽  
Dimensional Network ◽  
Hydroxy Groups

The title compound, C6H12O6, was crystallized from an aqueous solution of equimolar mixture of D- and L-fructose (1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one,arabino-hexulose or levulose), and it was confirmed that D-fructose (or L-fructose) formed β-pyranose with a2C5(or5C2) conformation. In the crystal, two O—H...O hydrogen bonds between the hydroxy groups at the C-1 and C-3 positions, and at the C-4 and C-5 positions connect homochiral molecules into a column along theaaxis. The columns are linked by other O—H...O hydrogen bonds between D- and L-fructose molecules, forming a three-dimensional network.

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