scholarly journals Topographic Mapping of P300 and Frontal Cognitive Function in Parkinson’s Disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mutsumi Iijima ◽  
Mikio Osawa ◽  
Makoto Iwata ◽  
Akiko Miyazaki ◽  
Hideaki Tei
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Related Potentials

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between P300 that is one of the event-related potentials and frontal cognitive functions in Parkinson’s disease (PD) without clinically apparent dementia.Subjects were 20 PD cases 48 to 79 years of age, all of whom were within normal limits on the Mini-Mental State examination, and 55 age-matched healthy adults.P300 was elicited with an auditory oddball paradigm and recorded at 15 sites on the scalp. Cognitive functioning of the frontal lobe was evaluated using the New Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and the Letter Pick-Out Test (LPOT) which reflects selective attention and semantic categorization.P300 latency was delayed in 30.0% of P300 demonstrated abnormal distribution in 20.0%. the WCST and the LPOT were abnormal in 15.0%, P300 latency significantly correlated with number of subcategories achieved on the WCST. P300 amplitude correlated with scores on the LPOT. These results suggest that cognitive dysfunction which linked partly to the frontal lobe might begin in PD even without clinically apparent dementia.

Inter- and Intra-hemispheric Processing of Visual Event-related Potentials in the Absence of the Corpus Callosum

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Bayard ◽  
Nadia Gosselin ◽  
Manon Robert ◽  
Maryse Lassonde
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Anterior Commissure ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Interhemispheric Transfer ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Hemispheric Differences ◽  
Visual Hemifield ◽  
Related Potentials

Interhemispheric differences of the N100 latency in visual evoked potentials have been used to estimate interhemispheric transfer time (e.g., Saron & Davidson, 1989). Recent work has also suggested that the P300 component could reflect the efficacy of interhemispheric transmission (Polich & Hoffman, 1998). The purpose of the present study was to study the differential role of the corpus callosum (CC) and anterior commissure (AC) in the interhemispheric propagation of these two electrophysiological components. Thus, the amplitude and latency distribution of the N100 and P300 components were analyzed using high-density electrical mapping in a subject with agenesis of CC but preservation of AC, a subject with agenesis of both CC and AC, and 10 neurologically intact control subjects. The task consisted of a modified visual oddball paradigm comprising one frequent and two rare stimuli, one presented on the same and the other on the opposite side of the frequent stimulus. Interhemispheric differences in latency were found for the N100 component in controls. However, in the acallosal subjects, this component was not identifiable in the indirectly stimulated hemisphere. In controls, no interhemispheric differences were observed in the distribution of the P300 latency and amplitude to rare and frequent stimuli. The distribution of the P300 amplitude in the acallosal subject with an AC was identical to that of the controls, whereas in the acallosal subject lacking the AC, the amplitude was greater in the hemisphere receiving the frequent stimuli, regardless of the visual hemifield in which the rare stimuli were presented. In both acallosal subjects, hemispheric differences in the P300 latency were observed, the latencies being shorter in the hemisphere directly stimulated for all categories of stimuli. These results suggest that the interhemispheric transfer of both the N100 and P300 components relies on the integrity of cortical commissures. Possible P300 generator sources are discussed.

Cognitive Psychophysiological Substrates of Affective Temperaments

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burç Çağrı Poyraz ◽  
Ayşe Sakallı Kani ◽  
Cana Aksoy Poyraz ◽  
Tuba Öcek Baş ◽  
Mehmet Kemal Arıkan
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Affective Temperaments ◽  
Related Potentials

Affective temperaments are the subclinical manifestations or phenotypes of mood states and hypothetically represent one healthy end of the mood disorder spectrum. However, there is a scarcity of studies investigating the neurobiological basis of affective temperaments. One fundamental aspect of temperament is the behavioral reactivity to environmental stimuli, which can be effectively evaluated by use of cognitive event-related potentials (ERPs) reflecting the diversity of information processing. The aim of the present study is to explore the associations between P300 and the affective temperamental traits in healthy individuals. We recorded the P300 ERP waves using an auditory oddball paradigm in 50 medical student volunteers (23 females, 27 males). Participants’ affective temperaments were evaluated using the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego–auto questionnaire version (TEMPS-A). In bivariate analyses, depressive temperament score was significantly correlated with P300 latency ( rs = 0.37, P < .01). In a multiple linear regression analysis, P300 latency showed a significant positive correlation with scores of depressive temperament (β = 0.40, P < .01) and a significant negative one with scores of cyclothymic temperament (β = −0.29, P = .03). Affective temperament scores were not associated with P300 amplitude and reaction times. These results indicate that affective temperaments are related to information processing in the brain. Depressive temperament may be characterized by decreased physiological arousal and slower information processing, while the opposite was observed for cyclothymic temperament.

scholarly journals Is cognitive processing affected in adults with hypospadias?: P300 study

Open Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Tekeli ◽  
Hasan Koçoğlu ◽  
Cabir Alan ◽  
Mustafa Emir Tavşanlı ◽  
Halit Yaşar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Urogenital System ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
Related Potentials

AbstractBackground: Hypospadias is a common urogenital system disorder. The frenulum, which is the most sensitive area of the glans penis, is not present in patients with hypospadias. This may lead to a failure in sexual and ejaculatory function, and cause emotional problems affecting cognitive processes.Aim: We aimed to study auditory Event Related Potentials (ERP) in patients with hypospadias to understand the status of cognitive function.Materials and Methods: Seventeen patients with hypospadias who presented to the Urology Outpatient Clinic of Çanakkale Military Hospital, and 11 healthy individuals of similar age were chosen. The auditory oddball paradigm with ERP from the Cz and Fz head regions were studied. The latency and amplitude of the P300 wave were measured.Results: Both, the study and control groups consisted of young males. Although the study group had a longer P300 latency and lower P300 amplitude when compared to control group, the results were not statistically significant (p: 0.059 and 0.346 respectively).Conclusion: Although the results are not statistically significant, our findings indicate that there may be cognitive changes in patients with hypospadias. Further studies of larger sample size and older patient cohorts are needed.

Impaired Inhibitory Control During Walking in Parkinson’s Disease Patients: An EEG Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Ronen Sosnik ◽  
Shani Danziger-Schragenheim ◽  
Daniel Possti ◽  
Firas Fahoum ◽  
Nir Giladi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
P300 Latency ◽  
Related Potentials

Background: The performance on a visual Go/NoGo (VGNG) task during walking has been used to evaluate the effect of gait on response inhibition in young and older adults; however, no work has yet included Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients for whom such changes may be even more enhanced. Objective: In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of gait on automatic and cognitive inhibitory control phases in PD patients and the associated changes in neural activity and compared them with young and older adults. Methods: 30 PD patients, 30 older adults, and 11 young adults performed a visual Go/NoGo task in a sitting position and during walking on a treadmill while their EEG activity and gait were recorded. Brain electrical activity was evaluated by the amplitude, latency, and scalp distribution of N2 and P300 event related potentials. Mix model analysis was used to examine group and condition effects on task performance and brain activity. Results: The VGNG accuracy rates in PD patients during walking were lower than in young and older adults (F = 5.619, p = 0.006). For all groups, N2 latency during walking was significantly longer than during sitting (p = 0.013). In addition, P300 latency was significantly longer in PD patients (p <  0.001) and older adults (p = 0.032) during walking compared to sitting and during ‘NoGo’ trials compared with ‘Go’ trials. Moreover, the young adults showed the smallest number of electrodes for which a significant differential activation between sit to walk was observed, while PD patients showed the largest with N2 being more strongly manifested in bilateral parietal electrodes during walking and in frontocentral electrodes while seated. Conclusion: The results show that response inhibition during walking is impaired in older subjects and PD patients and that increased cognitive load during dual-task walking relates to significant change in scalp electrical activity, mainly in parietal and frontocentral channels.

Comparison of attentional resource allocation to threat and selfrelevant information: An event-related potentials study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Guan Wang ◽  
Yuting Liu ◽  
Yuan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Attentional Resource ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Cognitive Resources ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Information Type

Although previous researchers have shown that attention is preferentially allocated during situations involving both threat and selfrelevant information, it is unclear which information type requires more cognitive resources. We compared the automatic processing of threat and self-relevant stimuli using the no-report oddball paradigm. Participants looked at images on a computer screen that displayed fighting with opponents or interacting with friends or customers. The body action of the person depicted was performed either toward the viewing participant or toward other people. Participants watched without making an explicit response, and event-related potentials were measured with electroencephalography. We found that threat (vs. selfrelevant) information elicited a larger P300 amplitude, and for nonthreatening events the P300 amplitude was larger for self-relevant than other-relevant stimuli. These results indicate that threat (vs. selfrelevant) information demands more cognitive resources, possibly because people prioritize survival.

Neurocognitive Mechanisms for Detecting Early Phase of Depressive Disorder

2019 ◽  
pp. 165-198
Author(s):  
Shashikanta Tarai
Keyword(s):  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
P300 Amplitude ◽  
Oddball Paradigm ◽  
Auditory Oddball ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Electrophysiological Findings ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Stroop Tasks

This chapter discusses neurocognitive mechanisms in terms of latency and amplitudes of EEG signals in depression that are presented in the form of event-related potentials (ERPs). Reviewing the available literature on depression, this chapter classifies early P100, ERN, N100, N170, P200, N200, and late P300 ERP components in frontal, mid-frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes. Using auditory oddball paradigm, most of the studies testing depressive patients have found robust P300 amplitude reduction. Proposing EEG methods and summarizing behavioral, neuroanatomical, and electrophysiological findings, this chapter discusses how the different tasks, paradigms, and stimuli contribute to the cohesiveness of neural signatures and psychobiological markers for identifying the patients with depression. Existing research gaps are directed to conduct ERP studies following go/no-go, flanker interference, and Stroop tasks on global and local attentional stimuli associated with happy and sad emotions to examine anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) dysfunction in depression.

scholarly journals The relationship between executive functions and fluid intelligence in Parkinson's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2445-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roca ◽  
F. Manes ◽  
A. Chade ◽  
E. Gleichgerrcht ◽  
O. Gershanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Sorting Test ◽  
And Control

BackgroundWe recently demonstrated that decline in fluid intelligence is a substantial contributor to frontal deficits. For some classical ‘executive’ tasks, such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Verbal Fluency, frontal deficits were entirely explained by fluid intelligence. However, on a second set of frontal tasks, deficits remained even after statistically controlling for this factor. These tasks included tests of theory of mind and multitasking. As frontal dysfunction is the most frequent cognitive deficit observed in early Parkinson's disease (PD), the present study aimed to determine the role of fluid intelligence in such deficits.MethodWe assessed patients with PD (n=32) and control subjects (n=22) with the aforementioned frontal tests and with a test of fluid intelligence. Group performance was compared and fluid intelligence was introduced as a covariate to determine its role in frontal deficits shown by PD patients.ResultsIn line with our previous results, scores on the WCST and Verbal Fluency were closely linked to fluid intelligence. Significant patient–control differences were eliminated or at least substantially reduced once fluid intelligence was introduced as a covariate. However, for tasks of theory of mind and multitasking, deficits remained even after fluid intelligence was statistically controlled.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that clinical assessment of neuropsychological deficits in PD should include tests of fluid intelligence, together with one or more specific tasks that allow for the assessment of residual frontal deficits associated with theory of mind and multitasking.

Habituation of event-related potentials in patients with Parkinson's disease

2000 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 741-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunhui Jiang ◽  
Yumiko Kaseda ◽  
Rumi Kumagai ◽  
Yoko Nakano ◽  
Shigenobu Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Related Potentials

scholarly journals A Neurophysiological Study of Semantic Processing in Parkinson’s Disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Angwin ◽  
Nadeeka N.W. Dissanayaka ◽  
Alison Moorcroft ◽  
Katie L. McMahon ◽  
Peter A. Silburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Semantic Processing ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Mean Amplitude ◽  
Repetition Effects ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Written Word

AbstractObjectives: Cognitive-linguistic impairments in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have been well documented; however, few studies have explored the neurophysiological underpinnings of semantic deficits in PD. This study investigated semantic function in PD using event-related potentials. Methods: Eighteen people with PD and 18 healthy controls performed a semantic judgement task on written word pairs that were either congruent or incongruent. Results: The mean amplitude of the N400 for new incongruent word pairs was similar for both groups, however the onset latency was delayed in the PD group. Further analysis of the data revealed that both groups demonstrated attenuation of the N400 for repeated incongruent trials, as well as attenuation of the P600 component for repeated congruent trials. Conclusions: The presence of N400 congruity and N400 repetition effects in the PD group suggests that semantic processing is generally intact, but with a slower time course as evidenced by the delayed N400. Additional research will be required to determine whether N400 and P600 repetition effects are sensitive to further cognitive decline in PD. (JINS, 2017, 23, 78–89)

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