scholarly journals The relationship between executive functions and fluid intelligence in Parkinson's disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 2445-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Roca ◽  
F. Manes ◽  
A. Chade ◽  
E. Gleichgerrcht ◽  
O. Gershanik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Theory Of Mind ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Fluid Intelligence ◽  
Group Performance ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Sorting Test ◽  
And Control

BackgroundWe recently demonstrated that decline in fluid intelligence is a substantial contributor to frontal deficits. For some classical ‘executive’ tasks, such as the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Verbal Fluency, frontal deficits were entirely explained by fluid intelligence. However, on a second set of frontal tasks, deficits remained even after statistically controlling for this factor. These tasks included tests of theory of mind and multitasking. As frontal dysfunction is the most frequent cognitive deficit observed in early Parkinson's disease (PD), the present study aimed to determine the role of fluid intelligence in such deficits.MethodWe assessed patients with PD (n=32) and control subjects (n=22) with the aforementioned frontal tests and with a test of fluid intelligence. Group performance was compared and fluid intelligence was introduced as a covariate to determine its role in frontal deficits shown by PD patients.ResultsIn line with our previous results, scores on the WCST and Verbal Fluency were closely linked to fluid intelligence. Significant patient–control differences were eliminated or at least substantially reduced once fluid intelligence was introduced as a covariate. However, for tasks of theory of mind and multitasking, deficits remained even after fluid intelligence was statistically controlled.ConclusionsThe present results suggest that clinical assessment of neuropsychological deficits in PD should include tests of fluid intelligence, together with one or more specific tasks that allow for the assessment of residual frontal deficits associated with theory of mind and multitasking.

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and brain perfusion imaging in Parkinson's disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Matsui ◽  
Kazuto Nishinaka ◽  
Masaya Oda ◽  
Narihiro Hara ◽  
Kenichi Komatsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Brain Perfusion ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Brain Perfusion Imaging ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting ◽  
Sorting Test

Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Variables in Relation to Motor Symptoms in Parkinson's Disease

1999 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 824-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Alevriadou ◽  
Z. Katsarou ◽  
S. Bostantjopoulou ◽  
G. Kiosseoclou ◽  
G. Mentenopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting ◽  
Sorting Test

The sex’s role on the neurocognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Ling Chen ◽  
Chun-Hsiang Tan ◽  
Hui-Chen Su ◽  
Pi-Shan Sung ◽  
Chung-Yao Chien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Neurocognitive Function ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Color Test ◽  
Yahr Stage ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Symbol Substitution ◽  
Sorting Test

Abstract This study aimed to elucidate the role of sex in neurocognitive function in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Ninety-four idiopathic PD and 167 healthy elderly as normal controls (NCs) were recruited and underwent comprehensive neuropsychological assessments. The sex difference were found in NCs but not in PD. In male, PD patients had worse performance on the Digit symbol substitution (DSS) (p < 0.001) and the Symbol Searching (SS) (p < 0.001) than NCs. In female, PD patients had the worse score on the category score of the Modified Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (p < 0.001), the SS (p < 0.001), and the pentagon copying (p < 0.001) than NCs. After controlling age and years of education, Hoehn and Yahr Stage can predict the performance of the Color Trail Test part A (βA = 0.241, pA = 0.036), the Stroop Word-Color Test (β = -0.245, p = 0.036), and the DSS (β = -0.258, p = 0.035) in male PD patients. Sex differences were found in NCs but not in PD. The mental flexibility and visuospatial function are susceptible to female in the PD course. Male PD patients’ working memory and processing speed can be predicted by the disease severity.

Utility of a Wisconsin card sorting test short form in persons with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease

1996 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 892-897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Paolo ◽  
Alexander I. Tröster ◽  
Karen T. Blackwell ◽  
William C. Koller ◽  
Bradley N. Axelrod
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting ◽  
Sorting Test

scholarly journals Executive cognitive tests for the evaluation of patients with Parkinson's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira ◽  
Marina Ceres Silva Pena ◽  
José Humberto Silva Filho ◽  
Carolina Pinto Souza ◽  
Guiomar Nascimento Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Digit Span ◽  
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ◽  
Card Sorting ◽  
Perseverative Errors ◽  
Test Category

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by changes in movement, which are later followed by cognitive, behavioral and psychological changes. The objective of the present study was to correlate different tests used to examine executive functions in PD patients followed at a specialized outpatient clinic. Methods: Thirty-five patients with idiopathic PD aged 63.0 years on average and with mean schooling of 5.5±4.2 years, were examined using the following tests: Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS), Scales for Outcomes of Parkinson's Disease-Cognition (SCOPA-COG), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Digit Span - Inverse Order (IO) (a subtest of the WAIS III) and Verbal Fluency Test (category animals). Results: Significant correlations were detected between FAB and MDRS Conceptualization (0.814), MDRS Initiation/Perseveration (I/P) and SCOPA-COG Executive Function (0.643), FAB and MDRS I/P (0.601), FAB and Verbal Fluency (0.602), MDRS I/P and MDRS Conceptualization (0.558), Verbal Fluency and MDRS I/P (0.529), MDRS Attention and SCOPA-COG Executive Function (0.495), MDRS Conceptualization and SCOPA-COG Executive Function (0.520), FAB and Digit Span (OI) (0.503), Verbal Fluency and MDRS Conceptualization (0.501), and WCST perseverative errors and FAB (-0.379), WCST perseverative errors and MDRS Conceptualization (0.445), WCST perseverative errors and MDRS I/P (-0.407) and WCST categories completed and MDRS Conceptualization (0.382). Discussion: The results demonstrated strong correlations between most of the tests applied, but no associations were detected between the WCST and the other tests, a fact that may be explained by the heterogeneity of scores obtained in the tests by the patients evaluated. A difficulty of the present study was the lack of a control groups for the establishment of adequate standards for this population.

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