scholarly journals Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer with Urinary Cytology, Immunocytology and DNA-Image-Cytometry1

2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Planz ◽  
Christian Synek ◽  
Thomas Deix ◽  
Alfred Böcking ◽  
Michael Marberger
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Image Cytometry ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Urothelial Cells ◽  
Lewis X ◽  
Consensus Report ◽  
Dna Image Cytometry

DNA‐image‐cytometry and antibodies directed against the Lewis X‐ and the 486p 3/12 antigen were applied to improve diagnostic accuracy of urinary cytology for the detection of bladder cancer. Cytology, immunocytology and DNA‐image‐cytometry were performed in spontaneously voided urine samples and barbotage bladder washings from 71 patients. The DNA content was determined using the CM‐1 Cytometer according to the recommendation of the ESCAP Consensus Report on Standardization of DNA‐image‐cytometry (1995). For immunocytological examination we used the monoclonal anti Lewis X antibody P‐12 and antibody 486p 3/12. All patients underwent subsequent cystoscopy and for any suspicious lesion biopsy or transurethral resection was done. Histological findings revealed 31 patients with transitional cell carcinomas of different stages and grades of malignancy. 40 patients had various benign diseases of the urinary bladder. Cytology yielded a sensitivity of 68% and a specificity of 100%. DNA aneuploidy was detected in 81% of cancer patients with a specificity of 100%. By combination of these two methods the overall sensitivity increased to 87%. Immunocytology with Lewis X and 486p 3/12 antibodies showed reactivity in 84% and 87% in combination with a specificity of 80% and 70%, respectively. By combining urinary cytology, immunocytology and/or DNA‐image‐cytometry the overall sensitivity increased to 94% with no change in specificity. DNA‐image‐cytometry should be used to evaluate particularly urothelial cells suspicious for malignancy in urinary specimens. Because of low specificity the monoclonal antibodies against Lewis X‐ and 486p 3/12 antigens are not helpful in screening for bladder cancer. Nevertheless, their high sensitivity may justify their use in case DNA image cytometry is not available and in the follow up of patients with transitional cell carcinoma.

FISH Assay for THE Detection of Bladder Cancer

2005 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-460
Author(s):  
P.F. Bassi ◽  
V. De Marco ◽  
C. Lamon ◽  
F. Longo ◽  
A. Volpe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Chromosomal Abnormalities ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Positive Cytology ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Urothelial Tumors

We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) performed on the urine specimens of patients under follow-up for superficial bladder cancer. Thirty-seven patients were enrolled and underwent cystoscopy, urinary cytology or biopsy and FISH examination. Urinary cytology and FISH were evaluated in exfoliated urothelial cells from bladder washings. A mixture of fluorescent labeled probes to the centromere of chromosomes 3, 7 and 17, and locus 9p21 was used to assess urinary cells for chromosomal abnormalities indicative of malignancy. Nine patients (24.3%) showed an abnormal cystoscopy, but only five patients showed transitional cell carcinoma at histology. Eighteen patients (48.6%) showed an abnormal FISH: one patient (2.7%) had a positive cytology, and three patients (8.1%) showed an atypical cytology. Patients with both positive cystoscopy and histological examination had a positive FISH, while only one patient had a positive cytology. Patients with positive cystoscopy and negative histological examination had a negative FISH. Three patients with negative cystoscopy and suspicious cytology had a positive FISH. Ten patients (27%) with both negative cystoscopy and cytology had a positive FISH. The sensitivity of the FISH assay was 100%, 50% for the cytology and 62% for the cystoscopy. The specificity of the FISH assay, cytology and cystoscopy were 66%, 100% and 86%, respectively. The sensitivity of the FISH assay in detecting non-invasive urothelial tumors is worth further studies.

scholarly journals Biomarkers for detection and surveillance of bladder cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorne I. Budman ◽  
Wassim Kassouf ◽  
Jordan R. Steinberg
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Bladder Tumour ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Health Canada

Introduction: Bladder cancer is the fourth most common cancer in men and the ninth most common cancer in women in Canada. Early detection of tumours is essential for improved prognosis and long-term survival. The standard method for detection and surveillance is cystoscopy together with urine cytology. Cystoscopy is relatively sensitive but is expensive and invasive. Urinary cytology is a noninvasive method that has poor sensitivity but high specificity; it is relied on for the detection of carcinoma in situ. Currently, several urinary based bladder tumour biomarkers with USFDA/Health Canada approval are available commercially, but none have been widely adopted by urologists despite their offering high sensitivity and/or specificity. We present here a review of recent studies evaluating 7 commercial biomarker assays for the detection and/or surveillance of bladder cancer.Results: Sensitivity and specificity ranges, respectively, for each marker were reported as follows: BTA Stat (Polymedco), 52.5%–78.0% and 69.0%–87.1%; BTA Trak (Polymedco), 51%–100% and 73%–92.5%; cytology, 12.1%–84.6% and 78.0%–100%; hematuria dipstick, 47.0%–92.6% and 51.0%–84.0%; NMP22 Bladder Cancer Test (Matritech), 34.6%–100% and 60.0%–95.0%; NMP22 BladderChek (Matritech), 49.5%–65.0% and 40.0%–89.8%;ImmunoCyt/uCyt+ (DiagnoCure), 63.3%–84.9% and 62.0%–78.1%; ImmunoCyt/uCyt+ and cytology, 81.0%–89.3% and 61.0%–77.7%; and UroVysion (Abbott Molecular)/florescence in situ hybridization, 68.6%–100% and 65.0%–96.0%.Conclusion: We find that no currently available bladder cancer urinary marker is sensitive enough to eliminate the need for cystoscopy. In addition, cytology remains integral to the detection of occult cancer. However, owing to their relatively high sensitivities, these markers may be used to extend the period between cystoscopies in the surveillance of patients with transitional cell carcinoma. Further study is required to determine which markers, alone or in panel, would best accomplish this.

BTA test in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with bladder cancer

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 52-53
Author(s):  
R. Bertoldin ◽  
G. D'INCà ◽  
F. Faccioli ◽  
C. Camuffo ◽  
S. Guatelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Transitional Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Golden Standard

There are several diagnostic procedures that can identify patients with recurrent or primary transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. Cystoscopy is the best tool and the golden standard against which the other tools have to be compared. In our experience the BTA test has proved more accurate than urinary cytology, above all in diagnosing low-grade, low-stage TCC of the bladder.

Diagnostic accuracy of DNA image cytometry and urinary cytology with cells from voided urine in the detection of bladder cancer

Urology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernhard Planz ◽  
Christian Synek ◽  
Joachim Robben ◽  
Alfred Böcking ◽  
Michael Marberger
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Image Cytometry ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Dna Image Cytometry

Fractionated Urinary Cytology in the Follow-up of Bladder Cancer

1990 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. HASTIE ◽  
R. AHMAD ◽  
C. U. MOISEY
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Cytology

scholarly journals Current Concepts in Biomarker Technology for Bladder Cancers

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 595-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Burchardt ◽  
Tatjana Burchardt ◽  
Ahmad Shabsigh ◽  
Alexandre De La Taille ◽  
Mitchell C Benson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Matrix Protein ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Cell Cycle Regulatory Proteins ◽  
Standard Of Practice ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract Background: Transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (TCC) is the second most common malignancy of the urinary tract. More than 70% of treated tumors recur, and 30% of recurrent tumors progress. Currently, pathologic staging and grading are valuable prognostic factors for detecting and monitoring TCC. Urinalysis, cystoscopy, and cytology are either invasive or lack sensitivity and specificity. The availability of a noninvasive, reliable, and simple test would greatly improve the detection and monitoring of patients with TCC. Several biomarkers for bladder cancer have been proposed, but no single marker has emerged as the test of choice. Approach: We undertook a comprehensive literature search using Medline to identify all publications from 1980 to 1999. Articles that discussed potential biomarkers for TCC were screened. Only compounds that demonstrated high sensitivity or specificity, significant correlation with TCC diagnosis and staging, and extensive investigation were included in this review. Content: Potential biomarkers of disease progression and prognosis include nuclear matrix protein, fibrin/fibrinogen product, bladder tumor antigen, blood group-related antigens, tumor-associated antigens, proliferating antigens, oncogenes, growth factors, cell adhesion molecules, and cell cycle regulatory proteins. The properties of the biomarkers and the methods for detecting or quantifying them are presented. Their sensitivities and specificities for detecting and monitoring disease were 54–100% and 61–97%, respectively, compared with 20–40% and 90% for urinalysis and cytology. Summary: Although urine cytology and cystoscopy are still the standard of practice, many candidate biomarkers for TCC are emerging and being adopted into clinical practice. Further research and better understanding of the biology of bladder cancer, improved diagnostic techniques, and standardized interpretation are essential steps to develop reliable biomarkers. It is possible that using the current biomarkers as an adjuvant modality will improve our ability to diagnose and monitor bladder cancer.

Screening for bladder cancer

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree Brinkman ◽  
Maurice Zeegars
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Urinary Cytology ◽  
Urological Malignancies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Urological Symptoms ◽  
Disease Specific Mortality ◽  
Asymptomatic Individuals

Bladder cancer (BC) is one of the most common urological malignancies and ranks ninth among all cancers worldwide. While screening has the potential to detect early cases of BC and reduce disease specific mortality, to date there are no routine screening programmes of asymptomatic individuals conducted anywhere in the world. There are however, a range of tests and procedures available for the detection and subsequent diagnosis of BC for select individuals presenting with urological symptoms and who are at increased risk of the disease.This chapter provides an overview of the traditional screening tools used for the detection of BC, such as urinalysis for haematuria and urinary cytology, as well as a brief description of follow-up procedures including cystoscopy, imaging, and treatment modalities.

Adjuvant Intravesical Chemotherapy in Patients with Primary T1 G3 Transitional Cell Carcinoma of the Bladder

1993 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-348
Author(s):  
V. Serretta ◽  
S. Piazza ◽  
C. Pavone ◽  
G. Corselli ◽  
B. Piazza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Transitional Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Carcinoma In Situ ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Intravesical Chemotherapy ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Bladder Tumours

The Authors present their experience with TUR plus adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy in 50 patients affected by primary T1 G3 bladder tumours without previous or concomitant carcinoma in situ. At a mean follow-up of 36 months, 84% of the patients are alive and tumour-free. Cystectomy was performed in three patients due to locally invasive disease. Five patients (10%) died of bladder cancer.

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