MicroRNA-Biogenesis and Pre-mRNA Splicing Crosstalk

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology ◽

10.1155/2009/594678 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2009 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Noam Shomron ◽

Carmit Levy

Keyword(s):

Mrna Splicing ◽

Transcriptional Unit ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Microrna Biogenesis ◽

Mirna Processing ◽

Protein Coding Genes ◽

Mrna Transcripts

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are often hosted in introns of protein-coding genes. Given that the same transcriptional unit can potentially give rise to both miRNA and mRNA transcripts raises the intriguing question of the level of interaction between these processes. Recent studies from transcription, pre-mRNA splicing, and miRNA-processing perspectives have investigated these relationships and yielded interesting, yet somewhat controversial findings. Here we discuss major studies in the field.

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Pre-mRNA Splicing Mechanisms, Misregulation in Disease, and Therapeutic Strategies

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v120.21.sci-13.sci-13 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 120 (21) ◽

pp. SCI-13-SCI-13

Author(s):

Adrian Krainer

Keyword(s):

Alternative Splicing ◽

Research Funding ◽

Therapeutic Strategies ◽

Mrna Splicing ◽

Protein Isoforms ◽

Current Status ◽

Targeted Therapeutics ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Protein Coding Genes ◽

Normal Gene

Abstract Abstract SCI-13 Most eukaryotic protein-coding genes have one or more introns, and their transcripts can undergo alternative splicing, giving rise to multiple isoforms. Accurate splicing is essential for normal gene expression, and alternative splicing is a key mechanism for expanding the proteome and regulating the expression of diverse protein isoforms. This session will review the general mechanisms of pre-mRNA splicing and the regulation of alternative splicing. In addition, the process of how abnormal splicing arises as a result of intronic or exonic mutations in particular genes, or more globally as a result of splicing-factor misregulation, as well as the contribution of splicing misregulation to cancer, will be described. Lastly the current status of targeted therapeutics development, focusing on antisense approaches to correct abnormal splicing of specific genes or to modulate alternative splicing, will be discussed. Disclosures: Krainer: ISIS Pharmaceuticals: Consultancy, Patents & Royalties, Research Funding.

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Regulation of expression of human RNA polymerase II-transcribed snRNA genes

Open Biology ◽

10.1098/rsob.170073 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 170073 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Joana Guiro ◽

Shona Murphy

Keyword(s):

Rna Polymerase ◽

Rna Polymerase Ii ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Mrna Splicing ◽

Regulation Of Expression ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Pol Ii ◽

Protein Coding Genes ◽

Non Coding Rnas ◽

Rna Genes

In addition to protein-coding genes, RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcribes numerous genes for non-coding RNAs, including the small-nuclear (sn)RNA genes. snRNAs are an important class of non-coding RNAs, several of which are involved in pre-mRNA splicing. The molecular mechanisms underlying expression of human pol II-transcribed snRNA genes are less well characterized than for protein-coding genes and there are important differences in expression of these two gene types. Here, we review the DNA features and proteins required for efficient transcription of snRNA genes and co-transcriptional 3′ end formation of the transcripts.

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Intron exon boundary junctions in human genome have in-built unique structural and energetic signals

Nucleic Acids Research ◽

10.1093/nar/gkab098 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 2674-2683

Author(s):

Akhilesh Mishra ◽

Priyanka Siwach ◽

Pallavi Misra ◽

Simran Dhiman ◽

Ashutosh Kumar Pandey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Genome ◽

Biological Process ◽

Energy State ◽

Mrna Splicing ◽

Data Sets ◽

Protein Coding ◽

Physical Mechanisms ◽

Protein Coding Genes ◽

Novel Concept ◽

Genomic Signals

Abstract Precise identification of correct exon–intron boundaries is a prerequisite to analyze the location and structure of genes. The existing framework for genomic signals, delineating exon and introns in a genomic segment, seems insufficient, predominantly due to poor sequence consensus as well as limitations of training on available experimental data sets. We present here a novel concept for characterizing exon–intron boundaries in genomic segments on the basis of structural and energetic properties. We analyzed boundary junctions on both sides of all the exons (3 28 368) of protein coding genes from human genome (GENCODE database) using 28 structural and three energy parameters. Study of sequence conservation at these sites shows very poor consensus. It is observed that DNA adopts a unique structural and energy state at the boundary junctions. Also, signals are somewhat different for housekeeping and tissue specific genes. Clustering of 31 parameters into four derived vectors gives some additional insights into the physical mechanisms involved in this biological process. Sites of structural and energy signals correlate well to the positions playing important roles in pre-mRNA splicing.

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