scholarly journals A Rare Cause for Cervical Pain: Eagle's Syndrome

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Politi ◽  
Corrado Toro ◽  
Giulia Tenani
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Branchial Arch ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Cervical Pain ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Voice Changes ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Pain Symptoms

Patients with pharyngodynia and neck pain symptoms can lead to an extensive differential diagnosis. Eagle's syndrome must be taken in account. Eagle defined “stylalgia” as an autonomous entity related to abnormal length of the styloid process or to mineralization of the stylohyoid ligament complex. The stylohyoid complex derives from Reichert's cartilage of the second branchial arch. The styloyd process is an elongated conical projection of the temporal bone that lies anteriorly to the mastoid process. The incidence of Eagle's syndrome varies among population. Usually asymptomatic, it occurs in adult patients. It is characterized by pharyngodynia localized in the tonsillar fossa and sometimes accompanied by disphagia, odynophagia, foreign body sensation, and temporary voice changes. In some cases, the stylohyoid apparatus compresses the internal and/or the external carotid arteries and their perivascular sympathetic fibers, resulting in a persistent pain irradiating in the carotid territory. The pathogenesis of the syndrome is still under discussion.

scholarly journals Eagle’s Syndrome as a Cause of Discomfort and the Subjective Presence of a Foreign Body in the Throat

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1832
Author(s):  
Irena Wolińska ◽  
Przemysław Jaźwiec ◽  
Maria Pawłowska ◽  
Paweł Gać ◽  
Rafał Poręba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Foreign Body Sensation ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Eagle Syndrome ◽  
Craniofacial Pain

Eagle syndrome consists of symptoms resulting from the elongation and excessive calcification of the styloid process of the temporal bone and calcification of the ligaments associated with this process. The main symptoms of this syndrome are the feeling of a foreign body in the throat, dysphagia and pain localized in the temporomandibular region, neck and ear. The authors describe the case report of a previously healthy 39-year-old Caucasian male that complained of discomfort and foreign body sensation in his throat. Computed tomography (CT) showed the presence of an elongated styloid process bilaterally with clear predomination at the left side. The patient underwent laryngological and surgical consultation. Due to the lack of symptoms related to the compression of the carotid arteries, no surgery was recommended. In summary, Eagle’s syndrome is a rare condition characterized by craniofacial pain or foreign body sensation that should be considered, especially if the pain is unilateral. CT imaging in his case was a perfect tool and enabled a suitable diagnosis of this rare syndrome.

Surgical Anatomy of the Parotid Gland

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-23
Keyword(s):  
Parotid Gland ◽  
Facial Nerve ◽  
External Auditory Meatus ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Terminal Segment ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Surgical Anatomy ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Superficial Lobe

The parotid gland consists of two lobes: superficial and deep with regard to its relation with the facial nerve. It is wrapped around the mandibular ramus and secretes saliva through the parotid (Stensen's) duct. It is a paired organ, weighing 15-30g each. Its superficial lobe overlies the lateral surface of the masseter muscle and is bounded superiorly by the zygomatic arch, while its deep lobe is located in the pre-styloid compartment of the parapharyngeal space between the mastoid process posteriorly, ramus of mandible anteriorly, and external auditory meatus superiorly. Medially, the gland reaches to the styloid process. Inferiorly, the parotid tail extends down to the anteromedial margin of sternocleido-mastoid muscle. Several structures run through the parotid gland, namely, terminal segment of external carotid artery, retro-mandibular vein, parotid lymph nodes, and facial nerve, which soon gives two divisions (temporo-facial and cervico-facial) that give off five branches inside the gland radiating forwards. This chapter explores the surgical anatomy of the parotid gland.

scholarly journals Tonsillostyloidectomy for Eagle’s syndrome: a study of 20 cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Roohie Singh ◽  
Jeevan R. Galagali
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Pain Syndrome ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Throat Pain ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease ◽  
Oral Approach

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Eagle’s syndrome is a pain syndrome which occurs due to elongated and misdirected styloid process. It is commoner than generally thought.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 20 cases of styalgia were diagnosed and prospectively studied at two hospitals. The characteristic symptoms were chronic throat pain and foreign body sensation in throat. Diagnosis was made with clinical symptoms, physical examination in form of intraoral palpation of styloid and radiological correlation. All patients underwent Tonsillostyloidectomy for affected sites under General anaesthesia. The patients were followed up for 12 weeks post-operatively and relief of symptoms was noted.  </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Chronic throat pain was the commonest symptom. Most cases were associated with chronic tonsillitis or Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). 19 (95%) patients were symptom free by 4 weeks postoperatively.</p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> In an established case of Styalgia with intraoral palpable styloid tip, tonsillostyloidectomy by intra-oral approach gives good results. Also, LPRD may be a possible aetiology of the disease. Incidentally, it was found that position of head over neck should be intraoperatively adjusted in order to suit easy approach to the styloid depending on antero-posterior angulation of styloid.

scholarly journals Eagle’s Syndrome Presenting As Unilateral Pain In The Anterolateral Neck And Referred Otalgia

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 77-79
Author(s):  
Waseem Mehmood Nizamani ◽  
Ameet Jesrani ◽  
Mujtaba Khan ◽  
Kalthoum Tlili ◽  
Nader Al Khuraish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multislice Computed Tomography ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stylohyoid Ligament ◽  
Maximum Intensity Projections

Eagles syndrome or stylohyoid syndrome is a rare condition where slender elongated temporal styloid process or ossified stylohyoid ligament manifest a wide range of symptoms including otalgia, dysphagia, foreign body sensation in throat, pain in retrogonia or along anterolateral neck. It occurs mostly unilaterally however bilateral cases are also reported. Multislice computed tomography with maximum intensity projections reconstructions is used for diagnosis and management purposes. It also aids to see its compressive effect on adjacent anatomical structures

scholarly journals Elongated styloid process - a cause for cervical pain

2014 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 159-161
Author(s):  
S. Sumathi ◽  
T. Sivakami
Keyword(s):  
Close Relation ◽  
Chronic Neck Pain ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Cervical Pain ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Process Measures ◽  
Normal Length ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Neurovascular Structures

AbstractThe normal length of the styloid process is 20-25 mms. A diagnosis of Eagle's syndrome is made when the styloid process measures more than 30 mms.The symptomatology associated with an elongated styloid process is called Eagle's syndrome. Abnormal elongation of styloid process causes compression of important neurovascular structures situated in close relation to it resulting in chronic neck pain, referred pain to the ear, jaw and orbit, and globus hystericus. We report here two cases of elongated styloid processes found during our routine osteology demonstrations. The etiopathogenesis and clinical implications of an elongated styloid process are discussed.

Classic Eagle’s Syndrome: Styloidectomy via the Transcervical Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e244634
Author(s):  
Monika Gupta ◽  
Yajas Kumar ◽  
Harshita Vig ◽  
Aliza Rizvi
Keyword(s):  
Neck Pain ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Cervical Pain ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Transcervical Approach ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Marginal Mandibular Nerve

Eagle’s syndrome was first described by Watt Eagle in 1937, as a syndrome of vague orofacial and cervical pain. He reported two variants, classic styloid and stylocarotid artery syndrome. Eagle’s syndrome is a non-perceived and underdiagnosed clinical condition of the head and neck. This anomalous entity presents with neck pain, globus sensation, difficulty in turning the head, dysphagia, odynophagia and various other symptoms occurring as a result of irritation to the nearby structures. The surgical management of Eagle’s syndrome consists of two major approaches: the transoral and the transcervical approaches. We report a case of classic bilateral elongated styloid process syndrome, treated with transcervical styloidectomy for painful left elongated styloid process. This gave permanent relief to the patient. The transcervical surgical approach for resection of elongated styloid process in patients with Eagle’s syndrome appears to be safe and effective, although the risk for transient marginal mandibular nerve weakness is notable.

scholarly journals A study of Eagle’s syndrome in CMS-TH Bharatpur

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
DK Shah ◽  
SN Ganguly ◽  
NS Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Styloid Process ◽  
Oral Route ◽  
Female Dominance ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Body Sensation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Atypical Presentations

Objective To study the common symptoms and outcome of surgical treatment of Eagle’s syndromeMethods A total of 22 cases were studied prospectively in both sexes from January 2008 to December 2010, in Department of ENT-HNS College Of Medical Sciences-Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Patients with symptomatic styloid process were clinically palpated at tonsillar fossa and finally sent for X-ray styloid process. Patients underwent intra-oral tonsillectomy with styloidectomy. Post-operative improvement was analysed by follow up at one three and six months interval.Results Most common age group was 30-40 years (63.63%) with female dominance (M:F=1:4.5). The most frequent symptoms were pain in throat (29.62%), referred pain in ear (20.37%), pain in anterior triangle in neck (24.07%), foreign body sensation in throat (14.81%) and difficulty in swallowing (11.11%). Fifty nine percent of patients were having symptoms for last two to four years and 50% were on medication for last one to two years. All the patients underwent styloidectomy through intra-oral route. (63.63%) patients became symptom free and 13.63% didn’t show improvement even after operation.Conclusion Eagle’s syndrome is common in young females with various atypical presentations. Dull/throbbing or radiationg throat pain and pain in anterior triangle of the neck are common presentations. Diagnosis is done simply by palpating the tonsillar fossa.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2014, Vol.10(1); 5-10

scholarly journals Bilateral Atypical Facial Pain Caused by Eagle’s Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Anuradha ◽  
Ravi Sachidananda ◽  
Satish Kumaran Pugazhendi ◽  
Preeti Satish ◽  
Romir Navaneetham
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Facial Pain ◽  
Styloid Process ◽  
Radiological Examination ◽  
Atypical Facial Pain ◽  
Eagle’S Syndrome ◽  
Elongated Styloid Process ◽  
Facial Neuralgia ◽  
Body Sensation

Recurrent throat pain, “foreign body” sensation, difficulty in swallowing, or vague facial pain is many times caused by the presence of an elongated styloid process. Many times, this condition is misdiagnosed and the patient is treated for facial neuralgia. But once Eagle’s syndrome is confirmed by clinical and radiological examination, the treatment is always surgical resection. The approach maybe intraoral or extraoral. In this paper, we present a case of Eagle’s syndrome caused by bilateral elongation of the styloid process and where surgical resection of the same gave instant permanent relief for the patient.

scholarly journals Branchial Cyst in the Parapharyngeal Space: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Iyad Said Hamadi ◽  
Lubna Lutfi ◽  
Asma Anan Mohammed ◽  
Zahr Alkhadem
Keyword(s):  
Branchial Arch ◽  
External Carotid Artery ◽  
Cystic Mass ◽  
External Carotid ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Branchial Cyst ◽  
Embryonic Life ◽  
Branchial Cleft ◽  
The Right

Branchial cleft cysts are congenital anomalies that most commonly arise from a failure of fusion of the second branchial arch during embryonic life. They usually present as a swelling in the lateral side of the neck, below the mandible. In this article, we present a case of a 28-year-old female patient with a right branchial cyst measuring 7 × 6 × 5 cm, who presented with an asymptomatic, rapidly growing mass in the right anterior triangle of the neck that abutted the right external carotid artery, leading to stenosis of the vessel that is preceded by dilatation above the site of compression. She underwent excision of the cystic mass with preservation of the facial nerve and presented no active complaints on follow-up a few weeks postoperatively.

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