Administration of a Decoction of Sucrose- and Polysaccharide-Rich Radix Astragali (Huang Qi) Ameliorated Insulin Resistance and Fatty Liver but Affected Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

The current investigation attempted to confirm the beneficial actions of a chemically characterized Radix Astragali decoction (AM-W) against type 2 diabetic (T2D) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Using a case/control design, after 2 months of treatment with AM-W (500 mg/kg, daily i.p.) in T2D rats therapeutic outcomes were compared. Sucrose andAstragaluspolysaccharides (ASPs) were shown to exist in nearly equal proportions in AM-W. Body weight loss, an improvement in insulin sensitivity, and an attenuation of fatty liver after AM-W administration in T2D rats were evident. Surprisingly, blood sugar, beta-cell function, and glucose tolerance in T2D rats did not improve with AM-W treatment. Further investigation indicated the deleterious effects of the addition of sucrose (100 and 500 μg/mL) and APSs (500 μg/mL) on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and viability, respectively. In conclusion, a proper administration dosage and a reduction in the sucrose content are keys to maximizing the merits of this herb.

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A rapid increase in beta-cell function by multiple insulin injections in type 2 diabetic patients is not further enhanced by prolonging treatment

Journal of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1046/j.1365-2796.2002.00956.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 251 (4) ◽

pp. 307-316 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

L. KARVESTEDT ◽

G. ANDERSSON ◽

S. EFENDIC ◽

V. GRILL

Keyword(s):

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Raised natriuretic peptides, Big-endothelin-1 and improved beta-cell function in type 2 diabetic males with hyperuricaemia

Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research ◽

10.1177/1479164109336689 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 190-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Michel P. Hermans ◽

Sylvie A. Ahn ◽

Michel F. Rousseau

Keyword(s):

Beta Cell ◽

Natriuretic Peptides ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Endothelin 1 ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Six-month exenatide improves HOMA hyperbolic product in type 2 diabetic patients mostly by enhancing beta-cell function rather than insulin sensitivity

Diabetes & Metabolism ◽

10.1016/j.diabet.2010.02.001 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 36 (4) ◽

pp. 293-298 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

V. Preumont ◽

M.-P. Hermans ◽

S. Brichard ◽

M. Buysschaert

Keyword(s):

Insulin Sensitivity ◽

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Adverse Impact of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis on Pancreatic Beta-Cell Function in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-2129-p ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 2129-P ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

YUANYUAN ZHANG ◽

RONGXIN SUN ◽

LIJIE ZHANG ◽

YUAN FANG ◽

CAIGUO YU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cell ◽

Adverse Impact ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Pancreatic Beta Cell Function ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Beta-cell function in type 2 diabetic patients who failed to maintain good glycemic status with a combination of maximum dosages of metformin and sulfonylurea

Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity Targets and Therapy ◽

10.2147/dmso.s204439 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol Volume 12 ◽

pp. 761-770

Author(s):

Tada Kunavisarut ◽

Sutin Sriussadaporn ◽

Raweewan Lertwattanarak

Keyword(s):

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Glycemic Status ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

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Serum fibroblast growth factor 19 and endogenous islet beta cell function in type 2 diabetic patients

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome ◽

10.1186/s13098-019-0475-1 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Meng-jie Tang ◽

Jian‑bin Su ◽

Tian-li Xu ◽

Xue‑qin Wang ◽

Dong-mei Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Beta Cell ◽

Beta Cell Function ◽

Cell Function ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 ◽

Type 2 Diabetic

Abstract Background Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) takes part in maintaining the balance of glycolipids and may be involved in regulating the secretory activity of islet beta cells in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the levels of serum FGF19 and endogenous islet beta cell function in type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Samples were obtained from 271 subjects: 85 drug-naïve type 2 diabetes participants exclusively on lifestyle intervention (N-DM group), 122 type 2 diabetes subjects previously used medications (DM group) and 64 normal controls (NC group). Serum FGF19 concentrations were measured by ELISA. The insulin sensitivity (MI), insulin secretion (AUCins/AUCglu) and insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 (ISSI-2) were also measured in the N-DM and DM. Results Serum FGF19 levels decreased, in order, from the NC group [median (interquartile range), 245.03 (126.23–317.43) pg/mL] to the N-DM group [170.05 (89.01–244.70) pg/mL] and, finally, to the DM group [142.25 (55.55–187.58) pg/mL] (p for trend < 0.05). Among subjects in the DM group, there was a positive trend in the serum FGF19 concentration; plasma insulin levels at 60 min, 120 min (INS60, INS120, respectively); and area under the insulin curve (AUCins) at two points (r = 0.214, p = 0.025; r = 0.189, p = 0.048; r = 0.188, p = 0.049). However, the differences were no longer observed among the N-DM subjects. Simultaneously, the ISSI-2 was closely related to the serum FGF19 levels (r = 0.297, p = 0.002) among DM subjects. Furthermore, after adjusting for age, sex, duration, therapy and other clinical factors via multiple logistic regression analysis, ISSI-2 was a key independent factor in the levels of FGF19 (β = 0.281, t = 2.557, p = 0.013). Conclusions The serum FGF19 level has a close relation with endogenous beta cell function among DM subjects, as assessed by the ISSI-2. As ISSI-2 is higher in N-DM group, FGF19 may be a main protector in dysfunction of beta cell.

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