scholarly journals Fat Modulates the Relationship between Sarcopenia and Physical Function in Nonobese Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin L. Marcus ◽  
Diana I. Brixner ◽  
Sameer Ghate ◽  
Paul LaStayo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
The Relationship

It is intuitive to think that sarcopenia should be associated with declines in physical function though recent evidence questions this assertion. This study investigated the relationship between absolute and relative sarcopenia, with physical performance in 202 nonobese (mean BMI=26.6 kg/ht2) community-dwelling older (mean age =73.8±5.9years) adults. While absolute sarcopenia (appendicular skeletal mass (ASM)/ht2) was either not associated, or weakly associated with physical performance, relative sarcopenia (ASM/kg) demonstrated moderate (r=0.31tor=0.51,P<0.01) relationships with performance outcomes in both males and females. Knee extension strength (r=0.27) and leg extension power (r=0.41) were both related to absolute sarcopenia (P<0.001) in females and not in males. Strength and power were associated with relative sarcopenia in both sexes (fromr=0.47tor=0.67, P<0.001). The ratio of lean mass to total body mass, that is, relative sarcopenia, is an important consideration relative to physical function in older adults even in the absence of obesity. Stratifying these individuals into equal tertiles of total body fat revealed a trend of diminished regression coefficients across each incrementally higher fat grouping for performance measures, providing further evidence that total body fat modulates the relationship between sarcopenia and physical function.

scholarly journals Physical Factors in Age-Related Physical Performance Decline in Older Adults at Lembaga Lansia Indonesia, West Java Branch

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-166
Author(s):  
Vitriana ◽  
Irma Ruslina Defi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
West Java ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

The aging process is associated with increased body fat and decreased muscle mass and strength in older adults. This condition is frequently associated with loss of mobility and functions. This study aimed to explore the relationship between physical performance and handgrip strength, body composition, and anthropometry in community-dwelling older adults living in Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia. A cross-sectional study was performed from December 2015 to June 2016 on community-dwelling older adults above 60 years old who were the members of the West Java Branch of Lembaga Lansia Indonesia, Indonesia, with the ability to walk without an assistive device and to perform hand grip properly as an additional inclusion criterion. Subjects were excluded if they experienced severe cardiorespiratory or vascular abnormalities, used artificial implants, underwent hormone therapy, and had any disease that would affect the accuracy of the variable measurement. A total of 106 subjects (60-85 years old) participated in this study. A significant negative correlation between total body fat and physical performance and a positive correlation between handgrip strength to physical performance were observed among subjects. However, no correlation was found between the anthropometric measurement and physical performance. The total body fat percentage, muscle mass index, and handgrip strength correlate significantly to the physical performance in older adults and may be used as a good indicator to preserve physical function and quality of life in the elderly.

scholarly journals 88 Prospective Association of Obesity and Falls among Malaysian Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. iv18-iv27
Author(s):  
Sheng Hui Kioh ◽  
Sumaiyah Mat ◽  
Phyo Myint ◽  
Shahrul B Kamaruzzaman ◽  
Maw Pin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Percentage Body Fat ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Prospective Association ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Background Cross-sectional studies linking the association between obesity and falls are limited and their results are somewhat conflicting. The inconsistent evidence between obesity and falls could be explained by the utilization of different measures of obesity including BMI, WC, waist hip ratio (WHR) and percentage body fat (%BF) in different studies. Aims To examine the prospective association between various measures of obesity and falls among community-dwelling older adults. Methods We utilized data from the wave 1 and wave 2 of the Malaysian Elder’s Longitudinal Research Study (MELoR). Basic demographic characteristics, medical history, lifestyle factors and falls history in preceding 12 months was recorded by computer assisted questionnaire in participant’s home while anthropometric measurements, body composition assessments and physical performance were collected at the hospital during a hospital check-up at baseline. The main exposure variables were increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist hip ratio (WHR) and percentage body fat (%BF) and the main outcome was self-report falls in the preceding 12 months at time of follow-up. Results Among 746 participants at baseline and follow-up (mean age 68.9 ± 7.3 years, old, 56.7% women), 150(20.1%) individuals had ≥1 time of fall at follow-up. No differences in mean age and proportion of men and women among fallers and non-fallers. However, fallers were found to have higher WHR, lower percentage muscle mass and performed poorer in physical performance (p-value&lt;0.01). Of the four obesity indicators, higher WHR at baseline was associated with increased risk of fall 12 months later even after adjustment for all potential confounders (aOR= 2.01; 95%CI= 1.26-3.18). Conclusions In conclusion, our findings suggest that WHR is the measure of adiposity most likely to differentiate fallers from non-fallers prospectively. Future studies should evaluate the mechanisms underlying the increased risk of falls associated with increased WHR.

scholarly journals Assessing Older Adults’ Frequency of Going Outside and Physical Performance: NHATS 2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 793-794
Author(s):  
Justine Sefcik ◽  
Janeway Granche ◽  
Martha Coates ◽  
Zachary Hathaway ◽  
Rose Ann DiMaria-Ghalili
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Logistic Model ◽  
Interdisciplinary Teams ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Outdoor Activity ◽  
Mobility Devices ◽  
Unit Increase ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Little is known about community-dwelling older adults’ outdoor activity and the relationship between physical function and frequency of going outside. Using the 2017 NHATS (N = 4,465), we looked at self-reported outdoor frequency (Likert scale: every day to once a week or less) and the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB; participants completed five different physical activities to measure physical performance; total scores ranged from 0, not attempted, to 12, the best). A logistic model comparing community-dwelling older adults going out most days (18.3%), some days (10.3%), or rarely/never (3.4%) to those going out every day found ORs of 0.85, 0.70, and 0.58 respectively (all p&lt;0.0001) for a one-unit increase in SPPB score. Interdisciplinary teams can use findings to assess disabled community-dwelling older adults’ frequency of going outdoors. Implications for interventions to assist with increasing times leaving the home (e.g. mobility devices, caregiver assistance) will be discussed.

scholarly journals Olfaction and Physical Function in Older Adults: Findings From Health ABC

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
Yaqun Yuan ◽  
Zhehui Luo ◽  
Chenxi Li ◽  
Eleanor Simonsick ◽  
Eric Shiroma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Knee Extensor ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Knee Extensor Strength ◽  
Race Disparities

Abstract The present study aims to investigate poor olfaction in relation to physical functioning in community-dwelling older adults and potential sex and race disparities. The analysis included 2511 participants aged 71-82 years (51.7% women and 38.4% blacks) from the Health Aging, and Body Composition (Health ABC) study. Olfaction was tested with the 12-item Brief Smell Identification Test (BSIT). Physical function measures included the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the Health ABC Physical Performance Battery (HABCPPB), gait speed of 20-meter walk, fast 400-meter walking time, grip strength, and knee extensor strength, repeatedly assessed annually or biennially for a follow-up of seven years. We analyzed each of these physical function measures using mixed models, adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, and comorbidities. For all measures except grip and knee extensor strength, poor olfaction was clearly associated with poorer physical performance at baseline and a faster decline over time. For example, at baseline, the multivariate adjusted SPPB was 8.23 ± 0.09 for participants with poor olfaction and 8.55 ± 0.09 for those with good olfaction (P = 0.02), after seven years of follow-up, the corresponding scores decreased to 6.46 ± 0.12 and 7.36 ± 0.10 respectively (cross-sectional P&lt;0.001, and P for olfaction-by-year interaction &lt; 0.001). For grip and knee extensor strength, similar differences were suggested but didn’t reach statistical significance. The overall results were similar by sex and race. In summary, poor olfaction is clearly associated with faster decline in physical functioning in older adults and future studies should investigate its potential health implications.

scholarly journals Making Geriatric Assessment Work: Selecting Useful Measures

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
pp. 1233-1252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie M VanSwearingen ◽  
Jennifer S Brach
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Older People ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Physical Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Frail Older People ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Often the goal of physical therapy is to reduce morbidity and prevent or delay loss of independence. The purpose of this article is to describe issues to consider when selecting measures of physical function for use with community-dwelling adults over the age of 65 years. We chose 16 measures of physical function for review because they have been used in studies of community-dwelling older adults and some psychometric properties of reliability and validity have been described in the literature. Three major issues are discussed: (1) appropriateness of the measure for community-dwelling older adults, (2) practical aspects of test administration, and (3) psychometric properties. These issues are illustrated using examples from the 16 measures. Two scenarios, applying the measures to the assessment of physical performance of community-dwelling well older people and to the assessment of physical performance of community-dwelling frail older people, are used to illustrate how this information can be used.

scholarly journals Association of serum vitamin D with change in weight and total body fat in a German cohort of older adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Vogt ◽  
A Zierer ◽  
M Laxy ◽  
W Koenig ◽  
B Linkohr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Serum Vitamin D ◽  
Total Body Fat ◽  
Total Body
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