scholarly journals Mitochondria-Ros Crosstalk in the Control of Cell Death and Aging

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saverio Marchi ◽  
Carlotta Giorgi ◽  
Jan M. Suski ◽  
Chiara Agnoletto ◽  
Angela Bononi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Redox State ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Induce Cell Death

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules, mainly generated inside mitochondria that can oxidize DNA, proteins, and lipids. At physiological levels, ROS function as “redox messengers” in intracellular signalling and regulation, whereas excess ROS induce cell death by promoting the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Recent work has pointed to a further role of ROS in activation of autophagy and their importance in the regulation of aging. This review will focus on mitochondria as producers and targets of ROS and will summarize different proteins that modulate the redox state of the cell. Moreover, the involvement of ROS and mitochondria in different molecular pathways controlling lifespan will be reported, pointing out the role of ROS as a “balance of power,” directing the cell towards life or death.

scholarly journals The role of reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide in programmed cell death associated with self-incompatibility

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (10) ◽  
pp. 2869-2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Serrano ◽  
María C. Romero-Puertas ◽  
Luisa M. Sandalio ◽  
Adela Olmedilla
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Self Incompatibility

scholarly journals Excessive phospholipid peroxidation distinguishes ferroptosis from other cell death modes including pyroptosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartosz Wiernicki ◽  
Hanne Dubois ◽  
Yulia Y. Tyurina ◽  
Behrouz Hassannia ◽  
Hülya Bayir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
The Other ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Membrane Rupture ◽  
Regulated Cell Death ◽  
Phospholipid Peroxidation ◽  
Differential Involvement

Abstract Lipid peroxidation (LPO) drives ferroptosis execution. However, LPO has been shown to contribute also to other modes of regulated cell death (RCD). To clarify the role of LPO in different modes of RCD, we studied in a comprehensive approach the differential involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), phospholipid peroxidation products, and lipid ROS flux in the major prototype modes of RCD viz. apoptosis, necroptosis, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis. LC-MS oxidative lipidomics revealed robust peroxidation of three classes of phospholipids during ferroptosis with quantitative predominance of phosphatidylethanolamine species. Incomparably lower amounts of phospholipid peroxidation products were found in any of the other modes of RCD. Nonetheless, a strong increase in lipid ROS levels was detected in non-canonical pyroptosis, but only during cell membrane rupture. In contrast to ferroptosis, lipid ROS apparently was not involved in non-canonical pyroptosis execution nor in the release of IL-1β and IL-18, while clear dependency on CASP11 and GSDMD was observed. Our data demonstrate that ferroptosis is the only mode of RCD that depends on excessive phospholipid peroxidation for its cytotoxicity. In addition, our results also highlight the importance of performing kinetics and using different methods to monitor the occurrence of LPO. This should open the discussion on the implication of particular LPO events in relation to different modes of RCD.

scholarly journals The Role of NADPH Oxidase 1–Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in Paraquat-Mediated Dopaminergic Cell Death

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2105-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Clara Cristóvão ◽  
Dong-Hee Choi ◽  
Graça Baltazar ◽  
M. Flint Beal ◽  
Yoon-Seong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Dopaminergic Cell ◽  
Nadph Oxidase 1

scholarly journals Functional inactivation of the oestrogen receptor by the antioestrogen, ZM 182780, sensitises tumour cells to reactive oxygen species

1999 ◽  
Vol 161 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Newton ◽  
N Drummond ◽  
CH Burgoyne ◽  
V Speirs ◽  
GK Stalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Oestrogen Receptor ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Rat Pituitary ◽  
Functional Inactivation ◽  
Mediate Cell

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a fundamental role in both apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Their importance is highlighted by studies showing that they mediate cell death in response to radiotherapy and to some forms of chemotherapy. Here we provide the first evidence for a role of ROS in response to an antiendocrine agent currently undergoing clinical trials. Using the oestrogen receptor (ER) containing rat pituitary GH3 cell line, we show that cell death is induced by the pure steroidal antioestrogen, ZM 182780, and that this is blocked by the antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC). By flow cytometry, we show that, prior to the onset of DNA breakdown measured by ELISA, ZM 182780 exposure has no significant effect on intracellular oxidant concentrations. In contrast, ZM 182780 exposure greatly increases sensitivity to oxidants generated by blocking cellular antioxidant pathways and from exogenous administration of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). As both necrosis and apoptosis are controlled by mitochondrial function, further experiments conducted to determine mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta|gWm) have indicated that the ZM 182780-induced loss of ER function increases the ease with which oxidants collapse mitochondrial activity and, as a consequence, cell death.

Role of reactive oxygen species-mediated mitochondrial dysregulation in 3-bromopyruvate induced cell death in hepatoma cells

2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Su Kim ◽  
Keun Jae Ahn ◽  
Jeong-Ah Kim ◽  
Hye Mi Kim ◽  
Jong Doo Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Hepatoma Cells ◽  
Oxygen Species
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