Extradural Dermoid Cyst of Mastoid Bone: A Case Report

Dermoid cysts of the head and neck are rare congenital benign tumors. According to the literature they represent about seven percent of all dermoids and less than one percent of all intracranial neoplasms. Extradural dermoid cysts are very rare. We report a case of intracranial extradural dermoid cyst of mastoid bone. We believe that this is the second documented extradural dermoid cyst, the first case reported in the literature (Ammirati et al., 2007) was in close relation to the petrous apex but ours is in close relation to mastoid antrum. Hearing loss was the only clinical presentation in this case, while neurological symptoms were the main presenting symptoms in the first reported case. We present our management of this rare case with respect to the clinical, radiological, histopathological, and surgical aspects and conclude that dermoid tumors, though rare, need to be included in differential diagnosis of middle ear lesions.

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P.114 Benign tumors of peripheral nerves in children at a tertiary-care pediatric hospital

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2021.390 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 48 (s3) ◽

pp. S51-S51

Author(s):

A Yaworski ◽

K Koujok ◽

K Cheung ◽

Y Ying ◽

H McMillan

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Nerve ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Muscle Wasting ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Invasive Procedures ◽

Palpable Mass ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Nodular Lesions

Background: Tumors affecting peripheral nerves in children are rare. Accurate diagnosis ensures that management is appropriate and timely. Methods: We review the clinical presentation and utility of investigations of children with intrinsic tumors affecting peripheral nerves at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO). Results: From 2009-2019, 14 cases were identified. Mean age of symptom onset was 8.2 years (range 0.3 to 17.3 years). Presenting symptoms included painless muscle wasting (2/14), focal muscle weakness (7/14), contracture (1/14), pain (1/14) or a painless, palpable mass (3/14). MRI was useful at differentiating benign pediatric nerve tumors. Peripheral nerve lipomatosis demonstrated a classic “spaghetti string” appearance. Patients with perineurioma showed evidence of enhancing, nodular lesions while intraneural ganglionic cysts display cystic lesion within the nerve. Neurofibromas appear like a “bag of worms” while schwannomas are more eccentrically positioned around the nerve. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) or electromyography (EMG) were performed in 11/14 patients. Biopsies were performed in 9 patients and surgical management in 4 patients. Conclusions: The rare nature of peripheral nerve tumors in children can pose diagnostic challenges. NCS/EMG are important to assist with localization, and MRI important at distinguishing benign tumors. Key MRI, clinical and NCS features can guide management, potentially avoiding invasive procedures.

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Perineal schwannoma: an unusual tumor and clinical presentation – first case with erectile dysfunction associated with this neoplasm

Urologia Journal ◽

10.5301/uj.5000247 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 85 (2) ◽

pp. 83-86

Author(s):

Filippo Cecconi ◽

Giuseppe Maiolino ◽

Federico Lanzi ◽

Gianni Vittori ◽

Filippo Gentile ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Perineal Pain ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Case Description ◽

First Case ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Erectile Dysfunction Treatment ◽

Therapeutic Profile ◽

Postoperative Residual

Introduction: Perineal schwannomas (PS) are very rare benign tumors with few cases reported in literature and none of these reports erectile dysfunction among clinical presentations. Case description: We report a case of PS with unusual clinical presentation showing erectile dysfunction associated with perineal pain and discomfort during defecation, and the postoperative residual pain and erectile dysfunction treatment. Conclusions: On the basis of a literature review of all cases reported and on our case reported, we have delineated a clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic profile of PS, summarized in a useful table.

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A national study of choanal atresia in tertiary care centers in Canada – part I: clinical presentation

Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.1186/s40463-021-00517-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Josee Paradis ◽

Agnieszka Dzioba ◽

Hamdy El-Hakim ◽

Paul Hong ◽

Frederick K. Kozak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Distress ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Choanal Atresia ◽

Case Series ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

National Study ◽

Feeding Difficulties ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Tertiary Care Centers

Abstract Background To evaluate the clinical presentation of choanal atresia (CA) in tertiary centers across Canada. Methods Multi-centre case series involving six tertiary care pediatric hospitals across Canada. Retrospective chart review of patients born between 1980 and 2010 diagnosed with CA at a participating center. Results The health charts of 215 patients (59.6% female) with CA were reviewed and included in this study. The mean age of patients at time of CA presentation was 0.4 months (range 0.1 to 7.2 months) for bilateral CA and 37.8 months (range 0.1 to 164.1 months) for unilateral cases. The most common presenting symptoms for bilateral CA in decreasing order were respiratory distress (96.4%), feeding difficulties (68.2%), and rhinorrhea (65.5%), and for unilateral cases in decreasing order were rhinorrhea (92.0%), feeding difficulties (24.7%), and respiratory distress (18.0%). For the majority of patients (73.2%), the obstruction comprised mixed bony and membranous tissue, with only 10.5% presenting with a purely membranous obstruction. Familial history of CA was confirmed in only 3.3% of cases. One half of patients with CA presented with one or more associated anomalies and 30.6% had a syndrome. Conclusions The present investigation is the first national multi-institutional study evaluating the clinical presentation of CA over three decades. The present cohort of CA patients presented with a breadth of co-morbidities with highly variable presentations, with bilateral cases being more severely affected than unilateral cases. Further investigation into hereditary linkages to CA development is warranted. Graphical abstract

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An Exceptional Case of Intraparotid Plexiform Neurofibroma Originating from Autonomic Fibers of the Auriculotemporal Nerve

Case Reports in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/8327215 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sarantis Blioskas ◽

Sotiris Sotiriou ◽

Katerina Rizou ◽

Triantafyllia Koletsa ◽

Petros Karkos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parotid Gland ◽

Plexiform Neurofibroma ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Neurofibromatosis Type ◽

Exceptional Case ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

First Case ◽

Superficial Lobe ◽

The Right ◽

Auriculotemporal Nerve

Plexiform neurofibromas are benign tumors that tend to occur in patients suffering from neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1). This report addresses a rare case where the tumor affected the parotid gland, deriving almost exclusively from the peripheral portion of the facial nerve. A 6-year-old male was referred to us complaining about a gradually enlarging swelling over the right parotid area. Imaging localized the lesion to the superficial lobe of the parotid gland, suggesting a neurofibroma. Cosmetic disfigurement and a functional deficit led us to perform complete surgical resection. Meticulous surgical dissection as well as auriculotemporal nerve origin made complete extirpation possible with almost zero morbidity and ensured alleviation of both aesthetic impairment and pain. This is the first case of an intraparotid PN in a pediatric NF-1 patient, which originated from branches of the auriculotemporal nerve and particularly from fibers of the autonomic nervous system. Radical surgical excision was decided according to established decision-making algorithms.

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R452 – Nasopharyngeal Yolk Sac Tumors: A Rare Pediatric Occurrence

Otolaryngology ◽

10.1016/j.otohns.2008.05.609 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽

pp. P196-P196 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lorraine M Smith ◽

Ryan F Osborne

Keyword(s):

Head And Neck ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Yolk Sac ◽

High Dose ◽

Presenting Symptoms ◽

Mild Improvement ◽

Pathologic Features ◽

Yolk Sac Tumors ◽

Infant Girl ◽

High Level

Problem To report the rare occurrence of a yolk sac tumor of the nose and nasopharynx presenting as acute sinusitis and bilateral complete blindness. Methods The clinical presentation, pathologic features, and management of this 2-year-old infant girl is reviewed. We also performed a medical literature search in English using PUBMED and OVID databases. We then analyzed the literature with respect to clinical presentation, manifestations and therapies for other extra-gonadal yolk sac tumors presenting in the head and neck. Results The patient was treated with 4 courses of high dose cis-platinum, etoposide, bleomycin repeated every 3 weeks along with surgery. She had initial mild improvement in visual perception along with shrinkage of her tumor. The yolk sac malignancies of the head and neck are often, large, aggressive lesions on presentation that once treated have a tendency to recur. Conclusion Yolk sac tumors (endodermal sinus tumors) represent 3–5% of pediatric malignancies. They are rare malignancies in the head and neck, of germ cell origin. Successful treatment usually requires a combination of chemotherapy and surgical extirpation followed by postoperative chemotherapy. Significance Recurrent sinusitis and nasal obstruction in children should be evaluated carefully and with a high level of suspicion for rare nasal and nasopharyngeal malignancies. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment may alleviate many of the presenting symptoms and prolong life.

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Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor of the Bladder: 2 Rare Cases Managed with Laparoscopic Partial Cystectomy

Case Reports in Urology ◽

10.1155/2016/4976150 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sofia Santos Lopes ◽

Andrea Furtado ◽

Rita Oliveira ◽

Ana Cebola ◽

Bruno Graça ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Myofibroblastic Tumor ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Pathological Condition ◽

Partial Cystectomy ◽

Pathological Features ◽

Macroscopic Hematuria ◽

Voiding Symptoms ◽

First Case

Two cases of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) of the bladder are reported here. Both patients were male and presented with macroscopic hematuria; in the first case terminal hematuria was associated with irritative voiding symptoms. The second case was a smoker with hematuria unresponsive to medical treatment and anemia. Clinical presentation, pathological features, treatment, and prognosis are discussed. Due to rarity of this pathological condition, there are no guidelines concerning treatment and follow-up. We present our follow-up scheme and highlight the use of laparoscopic partial cystectomy as a successful treatment approach.

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Calcaneal Reconstruction With Free Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery Osseocutaneous Flap Following Aggressive Benign Bone Tumor Resection

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/10711007211025280 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107110072110252

Author(s):

Mohamad Aizat Rosli ◽

Wan Faisham Wan Ismail ◽

Wan Azman Wan Sulaiman ◽

Nor Azman Mat Zin ◽

Syurahbil Abdul Halim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Iliac Artery ◽

Donor Site ◽

Tumor Resection ◽

Case Series ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Reconstruction Method ◽

Short Term ◽

Deep Circumflex Iliac Artery ◽

First Case ◽

Donor Site Pain

Background: Advances in limb-salvage techniques have made total calcanectomy and primary reconstruction possible in managing calcaneal aggressive benign tumors and selected cases of intraosseous malignant tumors. However, there is still no consensus on the operative approach, oncologic margin, and the best reconstruction method to date. These 2 cases describe our experience in calcaneal reconstruction with the free deep circumflex iliac artery (DCIA) osseocutaneous flap in benign aggressive calcaneal tumors. Methods: We reported 2 consecutive male and female patients, with an average age of 25 years (age 19 and 31, respectively), who underwent total calcanectomy and primary calcaneal reconstruction with the free DCIA osseocutaneous flaps for calcaneal chondroblastoma and giant cell tumor. A marginal resection of the entire calcaneus through the subtalar and calcaneocuboid joints (intra-articular approach) was performed in the first case and a wide local resection leaving 1 cm normal calcaneal bone margin anterosuperiorly (intraosseous approach) was performed in the second case. Results: The follow-up period averaged 48 months. Negative oncologic margins were achieved in both cases. The first case was complicated with venous thrombosis; however, the graft remained viable after emergency reexploration. Normal foot function was restored with good solid osseous union and bony hypertrophy observed. Both patients achieved good short-term functional and aesthetic outcomes with no donor site pain or disability. No local recurrence was reported either. Conclusion: Primary calcaneal reconstruction with the free DCIA osseocutaneous flap can lead to good short-term functional and aesthetic outcomes. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.

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Benign Laryngeal Lesions

10.2310/ot.7059 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Jeffrey Straub ◽

Brandon Kim

Keyword(s):

Laser Therapy ◽

Vocal Fold ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Benign Tumors ◽

Vocal Hygiene ◽

Laryngeal Lesions ◽

Benign Laryngeal Lesions ◽

Vocal Fold Nodules

Benign laryngeal lesions represent a diverse set of pathologies whose clinical presentation may range from no symptoms to dyspnea and/or dysphonia. Flexible fiberoptic laryngoscopy and videolaryngostroboscopy are important in distinguishingdifferent types of lesions, and management and treatment are dependent on the identification of these lesions, as they have different etiologies. Some lesions such as vocal fold nodules and polyps are primarily phonotraumatic and may benefit fromspeech therapy and vocal hygiene as initial approaches. Vocal fold cysts and benign tumors may benefit from microlaryngeal approaches, while capillary ectasias, polypoid corditis, laryngoceles, saccular cysts, and papilloma may benefit from laser therapy. Vocal fold granulomas may arise from various etiologies such as intubation, traumatic behaviors, or reflux. Polypoid corditis arises from smoking. This review is intended to provide an overview of the variety of lesions that encompass non-malignant laryngeal lesions that is both suitable for junior and senior residents. This review contains 12 figures, 5 tables, and 64 references Keywords: Benign laryngeal lesions, Laryngocele, Polyp, Cyst, Polypoid Corditis, Papilloma

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Painful, reappearing eruption in a medically complex 4-year-old

BMJ Case Reports ◽

10.1136/bcr-2020-239310 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. e239310

Author(s):

Meredith Sooy ◽

Rachel L Randell ◽

Dmitry Tchapyjnikov ◽

Klaus Werner ◽

Kristina Nazareth-Pidgeon

Keyword(s):

Skin Biopsy ◽

Growth Retardation ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Heart Defects ◽

Pathogenic Mutation ◽

Rare Disorder ◽

Frequent Episodes ◽

First Case

A 4-year-old boy with atypical, complete DiGeorge and CHARGE (coloboma, heart defects, atresia choanae, growth retardation, genital abnormalities and ear abnormalities) syndromes presented with frequent episodes of a painful, markedly erythematous eruption associated with swelling. Evaluation revealed non-specific findings on skin biopsy at the time of eruption and no pathogenic mutation in the SCN9A gene. The patient was diagnosed with secondary erythromelalgia based on clinical presentation. Erythromelalgia is a rare disorder characterised by recurrent episodes of pain and erythema typically affecting the distal extremities. This case represents the first case of erythromelalgia in the setting of DiGeorge and CHARGE syndromes.

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CONGENITAL PTERIONAL DERMAL SINUS IN AN 18-MONTH-OLD CHILD

Neurosurgery ◽

10.1227/01.neu.0000290921.93588.87 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 61 (3) ◽

pp. E661-E661 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

William J. Mack ◽

Saadi Ghatan

Keyword(s):

Clinical Features ◽

Neural Tube ◽

Clinical Presentation ◽

Sinus Tract ◽

Dermal Sinus ◽

Operating Microscope ◽

First Case ◽

Dermal Sinus Tract ◽

Cranial Fossa ◽

Congenital Dermal Sinus

Abstract OBJECTIVE Congenital dermal sinus tracts most frequently occur in the midline and are often associated with dermoid or epidermoid inclusion cysts. A lateral cranial origin is extremely rare and anatomically inconsistent with an etiology involving closure of the rostral neural tube during embryogenesis. CLINICAL PRESENTATION We describe the first case of a pterional cranial dermal sinus tract associated with a small epidermoid, with extension to the dura of the anterior cranial fossa. INTERVENTION The extra- and intracranial portions of the tract were visualized and resected with the use of an operating microscope. Pathological diagnosis confirmed dermal sinus tract. CONCLUSION We review the existing literature and address the developmental and clinical features pertinent to the management of cranial dermal sinus tracts, emphasizing the need for exploration of these potentially harmful lesions.

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