scholarly journals Lean Breed Landrace Pigs Harbor Fecal Methanogens at Higher Diversity and Density than Obese Breed Erhualian Pigs

Archaea ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-heng Luo ◽  
Yong Su ◽  
André-Denis G. Wright ◽  
Ling-li Zhang ◽  
Hauke Smidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pig Breeds ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Gene Libraries ◽  
Landrace Pig

The diversity of fecal methanogens of Erhualian (obese type) and Landrace (lean type) pigs was examined using separate 16S rRNA gene libraries for each breed. A total of 763 clones were analyzed; 381 from the Erhualian library and 382 from the Landrace library were identified belonging to the genus Methanobrevibacter. Others were identified belonging to the genus Methanosphaera. The two libraries showed significant differences in diversity (P<0.05) and composition (P<0.0001). Only two operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were found in both libraries, whereas six OTUs were found only in the Erhualian library and 23 OTUs were found only in the Landrace library. Real-time PCR showed that the abundance of fecal methanogens in Landrace pigs was significantly higher than that in Erhualian pigs (P<0.05). Results showed that the Landrace pig (lean) harbored a greater diversity and higher numbers of methanogenmcrAgene copies than the Erhualian pig (obese). These differences may be related to the fatness or leanness in these two pig breeds. The results provide new leads for further investigations on the fat storage of pigs or even humans.

Real-time PCR of the 16S-rRNA gene in the diagnosis of neonatal bacteraemia

2008 ◽  
Vol 97 (10) ◽  
pp. 1376-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Ohlin ◽  
Anders Bäckman ◽  
Maria Björkqvist ◽  
Paula Mölling ◽  
Margaretha Jurstrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

scholarly journals Prevalence of Swine Hemoplasmas Revealed by Real-Time PCR Using 16S rRNA Gene Primers

2012 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1315-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusaku WATANABE ◽  
Masatoshi FUJIHARA ◽  
Jin SUZUKI ◽  
Fumina SASAOKA ◽  
Kazuya NAGAI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Rrna Gene

Impact of a probiotic, inulin, or their combination on the piglets’ microbiota at different intestinal locations

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.A. Sattler ◽  
K. Bayer ◽  
G. Schatzmayr ◽  
A.G. Haslberger ◽  
V. Klose
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Pyrosequencing

Natural feed additives are used to maintain health and to promote performance of pigs without antibiotics. Effects of a probiotic, inulin, and their combination (synbiotic), on the microbial diversity and composition at different intestinal locations were analysed using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), real-time PCR, and 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. Bacterial diversity assessed by DGGE and/or pyrosequencing was increased by inulin in all three gut locations and by the synbiotic in the caecum and colon. In contrast, the probiotic did only affect the microbiota diversity in the ileum. Shifts in the DGGE microbiota profiles of the caecum and colon were detected for the pro- and synbiotic fed animals, whereas inulin profiles were more similar to the ones of the control. 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing revealed that all three additives could reduce Escherichia species in each gut location, indicating a potential beneficial effect on the gut microbiota. An increase of relative abundance of Clostridiaceae in the large intestine was found in the inulin group and of Enterococcaceae in the ileum of probiotic fed pigs. Furthermore, real-time PCR results showed that the probiotic and synbiotic increased bifidobacterial numbers in the ileum, which was supported by sequencing results. The probiotic and inulin, to different extents, changed the diversity, relative abundance of phylotypes, and community profiles of the porcine microbiota. However, alterations of the bacterial community were not uniformly between gut locations, demonstrating that functionality of feed additives is site specific. Therefore, gut sampling from various locations is crucial when investigations aim to identify the composition of a healthy gut microbiota after its manipulation through feed additives.

scholarly journals Bacterial diversity in the saliva of patients with different oral hygiene indexes

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Vianna Pereira ◽  
Luciana Leomil ◽  
Fabíola Rodrigues-Albuquerque ◽  
José Odair Pereira ◽  
Spartaco Astolfi-Filho
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
High Index ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Operational Taxonomic Units ◽  
Gene Libraries ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the bacterial diversity in the saliva of patients with different oral hygiene indexes using of two 16S rRNA gene libraries. Each library was composed of samples from patients with different averages of the differentiated Silness-Löe biofilm index: the first library (A) with an index between 1.0 and 3.0 (considered a high index) and the second library (B) between 0 and 0.5 (considered a low index). Saliva DNA was extracted and the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and cloned. The obtained sequences were compared with those stored at NCBI and RDP GenBank. The saliva of patients with high index presented five known genera - Streptococcus, Granulicatella, Gemella, Veillonella and Peptostreptococcus - and 33.3% of nonculturable bacteria grouped into 23 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The saliva of patients with low index differed significantly from the first library (p=0.000) and was composed of 42 OTUs distributed into 11 known genera - Streptococcus, Granulicatella, Gemella, Veillonella, Oribacterium, Haemophilus, Escherichia, Neisseria, Prevotella, Capnocytophaga, Actinomyces - including 24.87% of nonculturable bacteria. It was possible to conclude that there is greater bacterial diversity in the saliva of patients with low dental plaque in relation to patients with high dental plaque.

scholarly journals Haemotropic Mycoplasma Infection Revealed by Real-Time PCR in Specific Pathogen-Free Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hinako Sashida ◽  
Ryô Harasawa ◽  
Toshihiro Ichijo ◽  
Hiroshi Satoh ◽  
Kazuhisa Furuhama
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Specific Pathogen

Abstract The presence of Mycoplasma haemomuris (haemoplasma) in blood samples collected from specific pathogen-free (SPF) laboratory rats bred in Japan was reported. Its presence was examined in Fischer 344, Sprague-Dawley (SD), and Wistar rat strains of both sexes by real-time PCR. All strains were positive for M. haemomuris infection. The 16S rRNA gene of M. haemomuris strain detected in the animals was amplified using end-point PCR. Only the entire nucleotide sequence of 16S rRNA gene of a mycoplasma strain detected in SD rats was determined and compared to those of other haemoplasmas. Our investigations suggest a wide M. haemomuris infection among the SPF rats purchased from commercial breeders in Japan.

scholarly journals Use of 16S rRNA Gene-Targeted Group-Specific Primers for Real-Time PCR Analysis of Predominant Bacteria in Mouse Feces

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 (19) ◽  
pp. 6749-6756 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun-Wen Yang ◽  
Mang-Kun Chen ◽  
Bing-Ya Yang ◽  
Xian-Jie Huang ◽  
Xue-Rui Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Real Time Pcr ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Specific Primers ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTMouse models are widely used for studying gastrointestinal (GI) tract-related diseases. It is necessary and important to develop a new set of primers to monitor the mouse gut microbiota. In this study, 16S rRNA gene-targeted group-specific primers forFirmicutes,Actinobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Deferribacteres, “CandidatusSaccharibacteria,”Verrucomicrobia,Tenericutes, andProteobacteriawere designed and validated for quantification of the predominant bacterial species in mouse feces by real-time PCR. After confirmation of their accuracy and specificity by high-throughput sequencing technologies, these primers were applied to quantify the changes in the fecal samples from a trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis mouse model. Our results showed that this approach efficiently predicted the occurrence of colitis, such as spontaneous chronic inflammatory bowel disease in transgenic mice. The set of primers developed in this study provides a simple and affordable method to monitor changes in the intestinal microbiota at the phylum level.

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