Study Structure and Properties of Nanocomposite Material Based on Unsaturated Polyester with Clay Modified by Poly(ethylene oxide)

In recent years, polymer clay nanocomposites have been attracting considerable interests in polymers science because of their advantages. There are many scientists who researched about this kind of material and demonstrated that when polymer matrix was added to little weight of clay, properties were enhanced considerably. Because clay is a hydrophilic substance so it is difficult to use as filler in polymer matrix having hydrophobic nature, so clay needs to be modified to become compatible with polymer. In this study, poly(ethylene oxide) was used as a new modifier for clay to replace some traditional ionic surfactants such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary alkyl ammonium or alkylphosphonium cations having the following disadvantages: disintegrate at high temperature, catalyze polymer degradation, and make nanoproducts colorific, and so forth. In order to evaluate modifying effect of poly(ethylene oxide), modified clay products were characterize d by X-ray spectrum. Then organoclay was used to prepare nanocomposite based on unsaturated polyester. Morphology and properties of nanocomposites were measure d by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, tensile strength, and thermal stability. The results showed that clay galleries changed to intercalated state in the nanocomposites. Properties of nanocomposites were improved a lot when the loading of the organoclay was used at 1 phr.

Download Full-text

STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF NANOCOMPOSITE MATERIAL FROM UNSATURATED POLYESTER AND POLY (ETHYLENE OXIDE) – MODIFIED CLAY

Science and Technology Development Journal ◽

10.32508/stdj.v15i2.1799 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 35-44

Author(s):

Thanh Duy Tran ◽

Ngan Thi Kim Nguyen ◽

Mao Dang Nguyen ◽

Tai Tan Dang

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Unsaturated Polyester ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Matrix Polymer ◽

Modified Clay ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Alkyl Ammonium

In recent years, polymer clay nanocomposites are attracting considerable interests in polymers science because of many advantages. There are many scientists having researched about this kind of material and demonstrated that when matrix polymer is added little weight of clay, properties of material is enhanced considerably. Because clay is a hydrophilic substance so it is difficult to use as filler in matrix polymer having hydrophobic nature, so clay needs to be modified to become more hydrophobic. In this study, Poly (Ethylene Oxide) was used as a new modifier for clay to replace some traditional ionic surfactants such as primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary alkyl ammonium or alkylphosphonium cations having disadvantages: disintegrate at high temperature, catalyze polymer degradation, and make nano-products colorific…. In order to evaluate modifying effect of Poly (Ethylene Oxide), modified clay products were characterized by X-ray spectrum. And then organoclay was used to prepare nanocomposite based on Unsaturated Polyester. Morphology and properties of nanocomposites were measured by X-ray diffraction, Transmission electron microscopy, tensile strength and thermal property. The results show that clay galleries changed to intercalated or exfoliated state in the nanocomposites. Properties of nanocomposites were (significantly improved) improved a lots when the loading of the organoclay was used at 1phr.

Download Full-text

High Refractive Index Materials of Iron Sulfides and Poly(ethylene oxide)

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1997.0294 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 2198-2206 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Tasoula Kyprianidou-Leodidou ◽

Hans-Jörg Althaus ◽

Yves Wyser ◽

Daniel Vetter ◽

Michele Büchler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Refractive Index ◽

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Reaction Times ◽

High Refractive Index ◽

Iron Sulfides ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Co Precipitation

High refractive index composites of iron sulfides and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) have been prepared by co-precipitation from aqueous solution. Several reaction parameters were varied: inorganic reactants, reactant ratios, reaction temperatures, and reaction times. Selected samples were characterized with organic microelemental analysis, x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, DSC, and TEM. The nanocomposites with the highest refractive indices have been prepared using PEO, Mohr's salt, and H2S or NaHS. The analyses indicate that the iron sulfides in these materials consist of finely dispersed mackinawite and greigite (“amorphous” FeS) and, partially, also pyrite. The refractive indexes of the resulting composites are clearly above 2 at 632.8 and 1295 nm and can assume values between 2.5 and 2.8.

Download Full-text

Preparation of Nanocomposites Containing Poly(Ethylene Oxide) and MoS2, TiS2, or MoO3

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-351-83 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 351 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

John P. Lemmon ◽

Jinghe Wu ◽

Michael M. Lerner

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Single Phase ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Solid Product ◽

X Ray ◽

Elemental Analyses ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Layered Solid ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Inorganic Layers

ABSTRACTSingle-phase nanocomposites containing montmorillonite, MoS2, MoO3 or TiS2 with poly(ethylene oxide) are obtained by the exfoliation of the layered solid, adsorption of polymer, and subsequent precipitation of solid product. Aqueous solutions can be employed for all syntheses except PEO/TiS2, which is prepared from lithiated TiS2 in an N-methyl formamide (NMF) solution. X-ray diffraction indicates that the resulting solids increase in basal-plane repeat by approximately 4 or 8 Å, consistent with the incorporation of a single or double layer of polymer between the inorganic layers. Reaction stoichiometries and elemental analyses provide compositions for the single-phase products.

Download Full-text

Poly(Ethylene Oxide)/Styrene Ionomers Blends: Crystallization of Poly (Ethylene Oxide) Component Studied by Wide-Angle X-Ray Diffraction

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.130.251 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 130 ◽

pp. 251-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Czesław Ślusarczyk ◽

Kazimiera Suchocka-Gałaś

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Degree Of Crystallinity ◽

Wide Angle ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Oxide Component ◽

Ionic Groups ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

The Degree Of Crystallinity

Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to determine the morphology of crystalline phase of blends of poly(ethylene-oxide) (PEO) and styrene-acrylic acid (S-AA) copolymers neutralized with sodium ions (Na+). In this study, we investigated the effects of blend composition and the content of ionic groups in amorphous ionomers on the degree of crystallinity and the crystallite sizes. It was found that the degree of crystallinity of PEO in the blends decreases both with increasing S-ANa(6.4) content and with increasing ANa content. The sizes of PEO crystallites, measured both in the direction perpendicular and parallel to the polymer axis, are almost independent of ionic groups content in the amorphous component of the blends but they decrease with increasing S-ANa(6.4) content. For the blends containing small amounts of PEO the confined crystallization of this polymer were observed. The final crystalline morphology of these blends, observed by SEM method, is different in comparison to that formed without spatial confinement.

Download Full-text

Synthesis and Characterization of the Catalysts 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% Co/SBA-15

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.660-661.561 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 660-661 ◽

pp. 561-566

Author(s):

L.A. Lima ◽

B.V. Sousa ◽

Meiry Glaúcia Freire Rodrigues

Keyword(s):

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Molecular Sieve ◽

Nitrogen Adsorption ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Desorption Isotherms ◽

Poly Ethylene ◽

Adsorption Desorption

Catalysts supported on SBA-15 were obtained by wet impregnation using aqueous solution of cobalt nitrate, where different contents of cobalt (5 wt% and 10 wt%) were prepared. The molecular sieve SBA-15 was synthesized using tetra ethyl ortho silicate (TEOS) as silicate source, and triblock copolymer, poly-(ethylene oxide)-poly (propylene oxide)-poly-(ethylene oxide) PEO-PPO-PEO as the organic structure directing agent. These materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy dispersion spectrophotometer (EDX) and Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET). The results from the XRD showed that the molecular sieve mesoporous (SBA-15) was identified by X-ray diffraction, especially from the (210) and (300) peaks, which represent a typical spectrum for the SBA-15. Characterization of catalysts by Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms (BET) made it possible to verify the the samples had been of type IV with hysteresis of corresponding the H2 type the porous materials.

Download Full-text

Modification of Montmorillonite with PEO-b-PS Copolymers

MRS Proceedings ◽

10.1557/proc-628-cc4.5 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 628 ◽

Author(s):

Frederick L. Beyer ◽

Nora C. Beck Tan

Keyword(s):

Block Copolymers ◽

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Block Length ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Volume Fractions ◽

Melt Intercalation ◽

Molecular Weights ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Poly Ethylene

ABSTRACTWyoming montmorillonite has been modified with block copolymers of poly (styrene) (PS) and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO). Using melt intercalation techniques, PEO-b-PS copolymers spanning a range of volume fractions and molecular weights were mixed with montmorillonite, annealed above the Tg of PS, and characterized using X-ray diffraction. Most of the block copolymers intercalated the clay, with several samples exhibiting multiple Bragg reflections from increased gallery spacing. Samples with higher PEO volume fractions were most likely to have intercalation. For a given PS block length, longer PEO blocks were more likely to produce intercalation. In general, the increased gallery spacings were close to those produced by modifying montmorillonite with PEO homopolymer.

Download Full-text

Effect of ZnO Nanoparticles on the Structure and Ionic Relaxation of Poly(ethylene oxide)-LiI Polymer Electrolyte Nanocomposites

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2008.18257 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 1922-1926 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Bhattacharya ◽

A. Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Ethylene Oxide ◽

Polymer Electrolyte ◽

Zno Nanoparticles ◽

Structural Modification ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Poly Ethylene Oxide ◽

Nanocomposite Electrolyte ◽

Poly Ethylene

The effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the structure and ionic relaxation of LiI salt doped poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) polymer electrolytes has been investigated. X-ray diffraction, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and field emission scanning electron microscopy show that ZnO nanoparticles dispersed in the PEO-LiI polymer electrolyte reduce the crystallinity of PEO and increase relative smoothness of the surface morphology of the nanocomposite electrolyte. The electrical conductivity of the nanocomposites is found to increase due to incorporation of ZnO nanoparticles. We have shown that the structural modification due to insertion of ZnO nanoparticles results in the enhancement of the mobility i.e., the hopping rate of mobile Li+ ions and hence the ionic conductivity of PEO-LiI-ZnO nanocomposite electrolyte.

Download Full-text